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#359 – Andrew Strominger: Black Holes, Quantum Gravity, and Theoretical Physics
enFebruary 15, 2023
Recent Episodes from Lex Fridman Podcast
#435 – Andrew Huberman: Focus, Controversy, Politics, and Relationships
Andrew Huberman is a neuroscientist at Stanford and host of the Huberman Lab Podcast. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors:
- Eight Sleep: https://eightsleep.com/lex to get $350 off
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Transcript: https://lexfridman.com/andrew-huberman-5-transcript
EPISODE LINKS:
Andrew's YouTube: https://youtube.com/AndrewHubermanLab
Andrew's Instagram: https://instagram.com/hubermanlab
Andrew's Website: https://hubermanlab.com
Andrew's X: https://x.com/hubermanlab
Andrew's book on Amazon: https://amzn.to/3RNSIQN
Andrew's book: https://hubermanlab.com/protocols-book
PODCAST INFO:
Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast
Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr
Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8
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SUPPORT & CONNECT:
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- Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman
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- Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman
OUTLINE:
Here's the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time.
(00:00) - Introduction
(10:24) - Quitting and evolving
(17:22) - How to focus and think deeply
(19:56) - Cannabis drama
(30:08) - Jungian shadow
(40:35) - Supplements
(43:38) - Nicotine
(48:01) - Caffeine
(49:48) - Math gaffe
(1:06:50) - 2024 presidential elections
(1:13:47) - Great white sharks
(1:22:32) - Ayahuasca & psychedelics
(1:37:33) - Relationships
(1:45:08) - Productivity
(1:53:58) - Friendship
Lex Fridman Podcast
enJune 28, 2024
#434 – Aravind Srinivas: Perplexity CEO on Future of AI, Search & the Internet
Arvind Srinivas is CEO of Perplexity, a company that aims to revolutionize how we humans find answers to questions on the Internet. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors:
- Cloaked: https://cloaked.com/lex and use code LexPod to get 25% off
- ShipStation: https://shipstation.com/lex and use code LEX to get 60-day free trial
- NetSuite: http://netsuite.com/lex to get free product tour
- LMNT: https://drinkLMNT.com/lex to get free sample pack
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Transcript: https://lexfridman.com/aravind-srinivas-transcript
EPISODE LINKS:
Aravind's X: https://x.com/AravSrinivas
Perplexity: https://perplexity.ai/
Perplexity's X: https://x.com/perplexity_ai
PODCAST INFO:
Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast
Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr
Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8
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SUPPORT & CONNECT:
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- Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman
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- Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman
OUTLINE:
Here's the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time.
(00:00) - Introduction
(10:52) - How Perplexity works
(18:48) - How Google works
(41:16) - Larry Page and Sergey Brin
(55:50) - Jeff Bezos
(59:18) - Elon Musk
(1:01:36) - Jensen Huang
(1:04:53) - Mark Zuckerberg
(1:06:21) - Yann LeCun
(1:13:07) - Breakthroughs in AI
(1:29:05) - Curiosity
(1:35:22) - $1 trillion dollar question
(1:50:13) - Perplexity origin story
(2:05:25) - RAG
(2:27:43) - 1 million H100 GPUs
(2:30:15) - Advice for startups
(2:42:52) - Future of search
(3:00:29) - Future of AI
Lex Fridman Podcast
enJune 19, 2024
#433 – Sara Walker: Physics of Life, Time, Complexity, and Aliens
Sara Walker is an astrobiologist and theoretical physicist. She is the author of a new book titled "Life as No One Knows It: The Physics of Life's Emergence". Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors:
- Notion: https://notion.com/lex
- Motific: https://motific.ai
- Shopify: https://shopify.com/lex to get $1 per month trial
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- AG1: https://drinkag1.com/lex to get 1 month supply of fish oil
Transcript: https://lexfridman.com/sara-walker-3-transcript
EPISODE LINKS:
Sara's Book - Life as No One Knows It: https://amzn.to/3wVmOe1
Sara's X: https://x.com/Sara_Imari
Sara's Instagram: https://instagram.com/alien_matter
PODCAST INFO:
Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast
Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr
Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8
RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/
YouTube Full Episodes: https://youtube.com/lexfridman
YouTube Clips: https://youtube.com/lexclips
SUPPORT & CONNECT:
- Check out the sponsors above, it's the best way to support this podcast
- Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman
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- LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman
- Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman
- Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman
OUTLINE:
Here's the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time.
(00:00) - Introduction
(10:40) - Definition of life
(31:18) - Time and space
(42:00) - Technosphere
(46:25) - Theory of everything
(55:06) - Origin of life
(1:16:44) - Assembly theory
(1:32:58) - Aliens
(1:44:48) - Great Perceptual Filter
(1:48:45) - Fashion
(1:52:47) - Beauty
(1:59:08) - Language
(2:05:50) - Computation
(2:15:37) - Consciousness
(2:24:28) - Artificial life
(2:48:21) - Free will
(2:55:05) - Why anything exists
Lex Fridman Podcast
enJune 13, 2024
#432 – Kevin Spacey: Power, Controversy, Betrayal, Truth & Love in Film and Life
Kevin Spacey is a two-time Oscar-winning actor, who starred in Se7en, the Usual Suspects, American Beauty, and House of Cards, creating haunting performances of characters who often embody the dark side of human nature. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors:
- ExpressVPN: https://expressvpn.com/lexpod to get 3 months free
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- AG1: https://drinkag1.com/lex to get 1 month supply of fish oil
EPISODE LINKS:
Kevin's X: https://x.com/KevinSpacey
Kevin's Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/kevinspacey
Kevin's YouTube: https://youtube.com/kevinspacey
Kevin's Website: https://kevinspacey.com/
PODCAST INFO:
Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast
Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr
Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8
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SUPPORT & CONNECT:
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- Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman
- Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman
OUTLINE:
Here's the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time.
(00:00) - Introduction
(10:14) - Seven
(13:54) - David Fincher
(21:46) - Brad Pitt and Morgan Freeman
(27:15) - Acting
(35:40) - Improve
(44:24) - Al Pacino
(48:07) - Jack Lemmon
(57:25) - American Beauty
(1:17:34) - Mortality
(1:20:22) - Allegations
(1:38:19) - House of Cards
(1:56:55) - Jack Nicholson
(1:59:57) - Mike Nichols
(2:05:30) - Christopher Walken
(2:12:38) - Father
(2:21:30) - Future
Lex Fridman Podcast
enJune 05, 2024
#431 – Roman Yampolskiy: Dangers of Superintelligent AI
Roman Yampolskiy is an AI safety researcher and author of a new book titled AI: Unexplainable, Unpredictable, Uncontrollable. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors:
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EPISODE LINKS:
Roman's X: https://twitter.com/romanyam
Roman's Website: http://cecs.louisville.edu/ry
Roman's AI book: https://amzn.to/4aFZuPb
PODCAST INFO:
Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast
Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr
Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8
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SUPPORT & CONNECT:
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- Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman
- Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman
OUTLINE:
Here's the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time.
(00:00) - Introduction
(09:12) - Existential risk of AGI
(15:25) - Ikigai risk
(23:37) - Suffering risk
(27:12) - Timeline to AGI
(31:44) - AGI turing test
(37:06) - Yann LeCun and open source AI
(49:58) - AI control
(52:26) - Social engineering
(54:59) - Fearmongering
(1:04:49) - AI deception
(1:11:23) - Verification
(1:18:22) - Self-improving AI
(1:30:34) - Pausing AI development
(1:36:51) - AI Safety
(1:46:35) - Current AI
(1:51:58) - Simulation
(1:59:16) - Aliens
(2:00:50) - Human mind
(2:07:10) - Neuralink
(2:16:15) - Hope for the future
(2:20:11) - Meaning of life
Lex Fridman Podcast
enJune 02, 2024
#430 – Charan Ranganath: Human Memory, Imagination, Deja Vu, and False Memories
Charan Ranganath is a psychologist and neuroscientist at UC Davis, specializing in human memory. He is the author of a new book titled Why We Remember. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors:
- Riverside: https://creators.riverside.fm/LEX and use code LEX to get 30% off
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- MasterClass: https://masterclass.com/lexpod to get 15% off
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Transcript: https://lexfridman.com/charan-ranganath-transcript
EPISODE LINKS:
Charan's X: https://x.com/CharanRanganath
Charan's Instagram: https://instagram.com/thememorydoc
Charan's Website: https://charanranganath.com
Why We Remember (book): https://amzn.to/3WzUF6x
Charan's Google Scholar: https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=ptWkt1wAAAAJ
Dynamic Memory Lab: https://dml.ucdavis.edu/
PODCAST INFO:
Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast
Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr
Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8
RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/
YouTube Full Episodes: https://youtube.com/lexfridman
YouTube Clips: https://youtube.com/lexclips
SUPPORT & CONNECT:
- Check out the sponsors above, it's the best way to support this podcast
- Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman
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- LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman
- Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman
- Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman
OUTLINE:
Here's the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time.
(00:00) - Introduction
(10:18) - Experiencing self vs remembering self
(23:59) - Creating memories
(33:31) - Why we forget
(41:08) - Training memory
(51:37) - Memory hacks
(1:03:26) - Imagination vs memory
(1:12:44) - Memory competitions
(1:22:33) - Science of memory
(1:37:48) - Discoveries
(1:48:52) - Deja vu
(1:54:09) - False memories
(2:14:14) - False confessions
(2:18:00) - Heartbreak
(2:25:34) - Nature of time
(2:33:15) - Brain–computer interface (BCI)
(2:47:19) - AI and memory
(2:57:33) - ADHD
(3:04:30) - Music
(3:14:15) - Human mind
Lex Fridman Podcast
enMay 25, 2024
#429 – Paul Rosolie: Jungle, Apex Predators, Aliens, Uncontacted Tribes, and God
Paul Rosolie is a naturalist, explorer, author, and founder of Junglekeepers, dedicating his life to protecting the Amazon rainforest. Support his efforts at https://junglekeepers.org
Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors:
- ShipStation: https://shipstation.com/lex and use code LEX to get 60-day free trial
- Yahoo Finance: https://yahoofinance.com
- BetterHelp: https://betterhelp.com/lex to get 10% off
- NetSuite: http://netsuite.com/lex to get free product tour
- Eight Sleep: https://eightsleep.com/lex to get $350 off
- Shopify: https://shopify.com/lex to get $1 per month trial
Transcript: https://lexfridman.com/paul-rosolie-2-transcript
EPISODE LINKS:
Paul's Instagram: https://instagram.com/paulrosolie
Junglekeepers: https://junglekeepers.org
Paul's Website: https://paulrosolie.com
Mother of God (book): https://amzn.to/3ww2ob1
PODCAST INFO:
Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast
Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr
Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8
RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/
YouTube Full Episodes: https://youtube.com/lexfridman
YouTube Clips: https://youtube.com/lexclips
SUPPORT & CONNECT:
- Check out the sponsors above, it's the best way to support this podcast
- Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman
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- Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman
- Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman
OUTLINE:
Here's the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time.
(00:00) - Introduction
(12:29) - Amazon jungle
(14:47) - Bushmaster snakes
(26:13) - Black caiman
(44:33) - Rhinos
(47:47) - Anacondas
(1:18:04) - Mammals
(1:30:10) - Piranhas
(1:41:00) - Aliens
(1:58:45) - Elephants
(2:10:02) - Origin of life
(2:23:21) - Explorers
(2:36:38) - Ayahuasca
(2:45:03) - Deep jungle expedition
(2:59:09) - Jane Goodall
(3:01:41) - Theodore Roosevelt
(3:12:36) - Alone show
(3:22:23) - Protecting the rainforest
(3:38:36) - Snake makes appearance
(3:46:47) - Uncontacted tribes
(4:00:11) - Mortality
(4:01:39) - Steve Irwin
(4:09:18) - God
Lex Fridman Podcast
enMay 15, 2024
#428 – Sean Carroll: General Relativity, Quantum Mechanics, Black Holes & Aliens
Sean Carroll is a theoretical physicist, author, and host of Mindscape podcast. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors:
- HiddenLayer: https://hiddenlayer.com/lex
- Cloaked: https://cloaked.com/lex and use code LexPod to get 25% off
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Transcript: https://lexfridman.com/sean-carroll-3-transcript
EPISODE LINKS:
Sean's Website: https://preposterousuniverse.com
Mindscape Podcast: https://www.preposterousuniverse.com/podcast/
Sean's YouTube: https://youtube.com/@seancarroll
Sean's Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/seanmcarroll
Sean's Twitter: https://twitter.com/seanmcarroll
Sean's Instagram: https://instagram.com/seanmcarroll
Sean's Papers: https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=Lfifrv8AAAAJ
Sean's Books: https://amzn.to/3W7yT9N
PODCAST INFO:
Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast
Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr
Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8
RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/
YouTube Full Episodes: https://youtube.com/lexfridman
YouTube Clips: https://youtube.com/lexclips
SUPPORT & CONNECT:
- Check out the sponsors above, it's the best way to support this podcast
- Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman
- Twitter: https://twitter.com/lexfridman
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- LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman
- Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman
- Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman
OUTLINE:
Here's the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time.
(00:00) - Introduction
(11:03) - General relativity
(23:22) - Black holes
(28:11) - Hawking radiation
(32:19) - Aliens
(41:15) - Holographic principle
(1:05:38) - Dark energy
(1:11:38) - Dark matter
(1:20:34) - Quantum mechanics
(1:41:56) - Simulation
(1:44:18) - AGI
(1:58:42) - Complexity
(2:11:25) - Consciousness
(2:20:32) - Naturalism
(2:24:49) - Limits of science
(2:29:34) - Mindscape podcast
(2:39:29) - Einstein
#427 – Neil Adams: Judo, Olympics, Winning, Losing, and the Champion Mindset
Neil Adams is a judo world champion, 2-time Olympic silver medalist, 5-time European champion, and often referred to as the Voice of Judo. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors:
- ZipRecruiter: https://ziprecruiter.com/lex
- Eight Sleep: https://eightsleep.com/lex to get special savings
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Transcript: https://lexfridman.com/neil-adams-transcript
EPISODE LINKS:
Neil's Instagram: https://instagram.com/naefighting
Neil's YouTube: https://youtube.com/NAEffectiveFighting
Neil's TikTok: https://tiktok.com/@neiladamsmbe
Neil's Facebook: https://facebook.com/NeilAdamsJudo
Neil's X: https://x.com/NeilAdamsJudo
Neil's Website: https://naeffectivefighting.com
Neil's Podcast: https://naeffectivefighting.com/podcasts/the-dojo-collective-podcast
A Life in Judo (book): https://amzn.to/4d3DtfB
A Game of Throws (audiobook): https://amzn.to/4aA2WeJ
PODCAST INFO:
Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast
Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr
Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8
RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/
YouTube Full Episodes: https://youtube.com/lexfridman
YouTube Clips: https://youtube.com/lexclips
SUPPORT & CONNECT:
- Check out the sponsors above, it's the best way to support this podcast
- Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman
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- LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman
- Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman
- Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman
OUTLINE:
Here's the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time.
(00:00) - Introduction
(09:13) - 1980 Olympics
(26:35) - Judo explained
(34:40) - Winning
(52:54) - 1984 Olympics
(1:01:55) - Lessons from losing
(1:17:37) - Teddy Riner
(1:37:12) - Training in Japan
(1:52:51) - Jiu jitsu
(2:03:59) - Training
(2:27:18) - Advice for beginners
#426 – Edward Gibson: Human Language, Psycholinguistics, Syntax, Grammar & LLMs
Edward Gibson is a psycholinguistics professor at MIT and heads the MIT Language Lab. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors:
- Yahoo Finance: https://yahoofinance.com
- Listening: https://listening.com/lex and use code LEX to get one month free
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Transcript: https://lexfridman.com/edward-gibson-transcript
EPISODE LINKS:
Edward's X: https://x.com/LanguageMIT
TedLab: https://tedlab.mit.edu/
Edward's Google Scholar: https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=4FsWE64AAAAJ
TedLab's YouTube: https://youtube.com/@Tedlab-MIT
PODCAST INFO:
Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast
Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr
Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8
RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/
YouTube Full Episodes: https://youtube.com/lexfridman
YouTube Clips: https://youtube.com/lexclips
SUPPORT & CONNECT:
- Check out the sponsors above, it's the best way to support this podcast
- Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman
- Twitter: https://twitter.com/lexfridman
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- LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman
- Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman
- Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman
OUTLINE:
Here's the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time.
(00:00) - Introduction
(10:53) - Human language
(14:59) - Generalizations in language
(20:46) - Dependency grammar
(30:45) - Morphology
(39:20) - Evolution of languages
(42:40) - Noam Chomsky
(1:26:46) - Thinking and language
(1:40:16) - LLMs
(1:53:14) - Center embedding
(2:19:42) - Learning a new language
(2:23:34) - Nature vs nurture
(2:30:10) - Culture and language
(2:44:38) - Universal language
(2:49:01) - Language translation
(2:52:16) - Animal communication
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The spaghettification of stars by supermassive black holes: understanding one of nature’s most extreme events - Andrew Mummery On a rare occasion an unfortunate star will be perturbed onto a near-radial orbit about the supermassive black hole in its galactic centre. Upon venturing too close to the black hole the star is destroyed, in its entirety, by the black hole’s gravitational tidal force, a process known as “spaghettification”. Some of the stellar debris subsequently accretes onto the black hole, powering bright flares which are observable at cosmological distances. In this talk I will discuss recent theoretical developments which allow us to describe the observed emission from these extreme events in detail, allowing them to be used as probes of the black holes at their centre. I am a Leverhulme-Peierls Fellow in the Department of Physics and Merton College. I completed both my undergraduate degree and DPhil at Oxford, working for my DPhil in the astrophysics department under the supervision of Steven Balbus. I work on astrophysical fluid dynamics, with a particular focus on the behaviour of fluids when they are very close to black holes.
Quasar Cannons & Black Hole Tech (Narration Only)
Black holes are objects of mystery and dread from which nothing can escape… but could they also be the foundations of future civilizations of unimaginable might and size.
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Quasar Cannons & Black Hole Tech
Episode 434; February 15, 2024
Produced, Written & Narrated by: Isaac Arthur
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Fluid-gravity duality and hydrodynamics of black holes
Holography explains why black hole horizons have thermodynamic and hydrodynamic properties and inspires researchers to re-visit foundations and explore limits of relativistic hydrodynamics Since the work of Bekenstein, Hawking and others in the early 1970s, it was known that the laws of black hole mechanics are closely related if not identical to the laws of thermodynamics. A natural question to ask, then, is whether this analogy or the correspondence extends beyond the equilibrium state. The affirmative answer, given by various authors during the 1980s and 90s, became known as the "black hole membrane paradigm". It was shown that black hole horizons can be viewed as being endowed with fluid-like properties such as viscosity, thermal conductivity and so on, whose values remained mysterious. The development of holography 15-20 years ago clarified many of these issues and has led to the quantitative correspondence between Navier-Stokes and Einstein equations. It became possible to study the long-standing problems such as thermalization and turbulence by re-casting them in the dual gravity language. We review those developments focusing, in particular, on the issue of the "unreasonable effectiveness" of hydrodynamic description in strongly interacting quantum systems.
Final remarks, Prof Julia Yeomans FRS, Head of Rudolf Peierls Centre for Theoretical Physics
Do We Live Inside A Black Hole… And Could We? (Narration Only)
Could our entire Universe be one enormous Black Hole? And is it possible to live inside a black hole?
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Do We Live Inside A Black Hole… And Could We?
Science & Futurism with Isaac Arthur
Episode 374, December 22, 2022
Produced & Narrated by Isaac Arthur
Produced, Written
& Narrated by:
Isaac Arthur
Editors:
Briana Brownell
Lukas Konecny
Cover Art by:
Jakub Grygier
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The birth of gravitational wave astronomy
Subir Sarkar reviews the detection of the ‘chirrup’ signal from a pair of merging massive black holes by the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory, as well as subsequent experimental developments.