Logo
    Search

    Podcast Summary

    • Luck plays a crucial role in athletic successBeing in the right place at the right time, finding the right coach, and avoiding injuries are all factors that require luck in becoming an elite athlete

      Becoming an elite athlete involves a significant amount of luck. Former Olympic gymnast Sean Johnson shared her story of falling in love with gymnastics at a young age and being fortunate enough to train with the right coaches. However, she emphasized that luck plays a crucial role in athletic success. Factors such as being in the right place at the right time, finding the right coach, and avoiding injuries are all elements that require luck. Despite the importance of hard work and dedication, the equation for elite athletic success is complex and requires many variables to align, making it a rare achievement.

    • Factors influencing young investment in gymnasticsLove for the sport, supportive family, unconventional coaching, balanced childhood, focused training, and maintaining a childhood are crucial for success in gymnastics at a young age

      The decision to invest heavily in a sport at a young age, like gymnastics, can be influenced by various factors. For the interviewee, it was a love for the sport that outweighed other distractions, despite her unique upbringing in a supportive family that encouraged her to explore multiple activities. Her coach's unconventional approach to training, which emphasized a balanced childhood, played a significant role in her ability to succeed without sacrificing her youth. The intensity of elite athletics isn't necessarily required for success, but focused training and maintaining a childhood are crucial elements. The interviewee's early commitment to gymnastics set her apart from her peers, but her unique circumstances and supportive coach allowed her to thrive while maintaining a sense of normalcy.

    • Navigating the unique challenges of Olympic athleticsBecoming an Olympian at a young age involves trusting non-family adults, but the fleeting fame can leave athletes seeking balance in their post-Olympic lives

      Making the decision to become an Olympian at a young age comes with unique challenges and consequences. On one hand, it requires trusting adults outside of your family to guide and protect you. On the other hand, the intense attention and celebrity status can be fleeting, leaving athletes to figure out their next steps once their Olympic moment passes. Unlike sports with consistent public visibility, like the NFL, the Olympics offer a brief moment in the spotlight before athletes must move on. Shara's experience, starting from her dedication at age 14, illustrates this duality. While she had loving and protective coaches and mentors, she also faced the vulnerability of trusting non-family adults. And after her Olympic moment, she had to navigate her post-Olympic life, ultimately finding balance through marriage to another athlete.

    • Overlooked during off-season despite Olympic successElite gymnasts face year-round competition with minimal rest and recognition, requiring intense focus and obsession to succeed.

      While gymnasts, like Simone Biles, receive celebrity status during the Olympics, the sport and its athletes are largely overlooked during the off-season. An elite level gymnast's off-season is year-round, with minimal rest and constant competition at international events. Biles was the only US gymnast to compete in every event at the Beijing Olympics, dealing with immense pressure by focusing on her obsession with the sport and her youth, which allowed her to ignore distractions. Gymnastics, though popular during the Olympics, faces a lack of recognition and media coverage throughout the rest of the year.

    • Using mental choreography for focus during gymnastics routinesGymnasts use keywords to maintain focus and block out distractions during their routines, allowing them to perform at their best in high-pressure situations

      Successful gymnasts use mental choreography, or keywords, to focus their minds during their routines. This helps them stay focused and avoid distractions, allowing them to perform at their best even in high-pressure situations. For example, a gymnast might think "tight, raise your arms, kick your legs" during a backhand spring, or "whatever stays in motion stays in motion" during a standing backflip with a full twist. By keeping their minds occupied with these keywords, gymnasts can block out distractions and maintain their concentration throughout their entire routine. This mental focus is crucial for their success, as the physical skills required in gymnastics are incredibly challenging and demand a high level of mental fortitude.

    • Mental fortitude in gymnastics: Overcoming fear and negative thoughtsGymnasts need mental strength to handle fear, assess risks, and accept losses, enhancing their performance and emotional control.

      While physical training is crucial in sports like gymnastics, mental fortitude plays an equally important role. Overcoming fear, pushing aside negative thoughts, and assessing risks are all essential components of competing at a high level. Gymnasts must submit their routines before competition, allowing for calculated risk-taking based on the potential for higher scores or guaranteed execution. The subjective nature of gymnastics judging can make losses harder to accept, leading athletes to train themselves to maintain emotional control to avoid influencing the judges' decisions.

    • Losing and dealing with mistakes in gymnasticsGymnasts may experience intense pressure and personal responsibility for losses, making it challenging to cope. Losses can feel like a heavy burden, and mistakes during high-stakes performances can lead to forgetting the experience.

      In gymnastics, the pressure to perform at a high level and the individual nature of the sport can make losing and dealing with mistakes particularly challenging. The interviewee shares her experience of coming close to winning a gold medal but ultimately losing to another athlete, and how she felt the weight of the loss was entirely on her shoulders. She also recounts her experience of blacking out during her gold medal beam routine, and how she barely remembers the performance despite its significance. The interview highlights how gymnasts may take losses harder than other athletes due to the intense focus on individual performance and the lack of external factors to blame.

    • Mental fortitude in sportsMental strength and determination are essential for reaching the highest levels of competition, even for those with exceptional physical abilities. It's an innate trait observed in successful athletes, but cannot be taught or faked.

      While physical abilities are important in sports, mental fortitude and determination play a crucial role in reaching the highest levels of competition. The speaker, a former Olympic gymnast, shares her experience of having the skills and talent but lacking the mental focus during her Olympic medal round performance. She attributes her success to an innate ability to push past pain and emotion, which she believes cannot be learned but can be observed in some athletes. The absence of this mental capability hinders their progress towards Olympic-level achievements, regardless of their physical prowess. As a coach, she has seen talented gymnasts fall short due to the lack of an internal drive or passion, which cannot be taught or faked.

    • Physical traits, maturity, and luck contribute to making a great gymnast.Great gymnasts possess a unique combination of natural abilities, mental fortitude, and luck to excel in this demanding sport.

      The combination of natural physical traits, confidence, power, flexibility, grace, and a significant amount of luck contribute to making a great gymnast. The sport requires a level of maturity beyond what is typical for a 16-year-old, as these athletes are put under immense pressure to perform at the highest level on the world's biggest stage. The sport is ever-changing, with rules and expectations evolving every four years, leading to increasingly athletic gymnasts like Simone Biles and Shawn Johnson. The trend towards more athletic gymnasts may make it challenging for past champions like Nastia Liukin to compete at the same level in today's Olympics.

    • Flexibility and Change in GymnasticsGymnastics' flexibility allows athletes to express creativity and push boundaries, but excessive rule changes can limit individuality. USA Gymnastics supports the Olympic team, provides training and funding, but its role in athlete finances is unclear.

      Gymnastics, like many sports, experiences constant change through evolving rules and expectations. This flexibility can be beneficial, allowing athletes to showcase their unique interpretations and pushing the boundaries of the sport. However, it can also be detrimental when rules become too restrictive, limiting artistic expression and individuality. USA Gymnastics, the governing body for gymnastics in the US, plays a crucial role in selecting and supporting the Olympic team, providing training facilities, funding, and athlete protection. Unlike professional sports like the NFL, it's unclear how much USA Gymnastics addresses the financial aspects of gymnastics, as many athletes can only profit from their skills for a limited time.

    • Conflict of interest in Olympic athlete's financial interestsOlympic athletes face financial insecurity due to restrictive contracts, unequal compensation, and reliance on medal winnings for endorsements.

      The financial interests of Olympic athletes and the governing bodies that oversee their sports can create a conflict of interest. Athletes may not receive fair compensation for their performances, and their future financial security may not be prioritized. For instance, in gymnastics, athletes sign restrictive contracts with their governing body, which dictates their salary and ownership of their earnings. The president of the governing body determines how prize money is distributed. Moreover, Olympic endorsements often only provide financial rewards if the athlete wins medals, leaving them without income during their competitive careers. These structures leave athletes without adequate support for their future financial needs.

    • Limited Financial Compensation for Gymnasts, Especially Those Without MedalsMost Olympic gymnasts earn little income unless they win a medal. Gold medalists earn significantly more than bronze medalists, and post-career opportunities in coaching or media can complicate future plans.

      The financial compensation for athletes, particularly Olympic gymnasts, is extremely limited, with the majority only earning significant income if they win a medal. This is a significant issue for thousands of athletes who have dedicated their lives to reaching the Olympics, often sacrificing education and other opportunities to train full-time. The difference in earnings between medal placements is substantial, with a gold medal earning half a million dollars compared to $5,000 for a bronze. For many, the post-career path involves staying within the gymnastics world by coaching or attending college. However, some athletes, like Nastia Liukin, find themselves presented with unexpected opportunities in entertainment and media, making it difficult to pursue their initial career goals. Despite qualifying for Stanford University with the intention of becoming an orthopedic surgeon, Liukin's success in the Olympics led her to prioritize her newfound career and ultimately attend Vanderbilt University instead.

    • From Gymnastics to Venture Capitalist and Fitness Brand FounderFormer Olympic gymnast embraces new opportunities, but won't let her children join USA Gymnastics due to safety concerns.

      The interviewee's career path after her Olympic gymnastics career has been filled with unexpected ventures that challenge her and bring her enjoyment, despite seeming random. From becoming a venture capitalist on CNBC's Adventure Capitalists to launching a health and fitness brand, she embraces new opportunities that push her out of her comfort zone. However, her experiences as a gymnast, including having Larry Nassar as her personal doctor, have left her with a complex relationship to the sport. Despite her strong love for gymnastics, she would not let her future children participate due to the current state of USA Gymnastics and the failures of the organization to protect athletes. A significant change in the way USA Gymnastics handles athlete safety would be necessary for her to reconsider allowing her children to participate.

    • Drastic Measures Needed for USA Gymnastics to Regain TrustTo restore trust, USA Gymnastics must prioritize child safety over individual reputations, leading to potential personnel changes.

      In order for USA Gymnastics to regain the trust of the public and earn forgiveness for past transgressions, drastic measures must be taken. This includes letting go of individuals with potential malintent towards children, even if they are great people. The speaker, a former gymnast, believes this is the only way to ensure the safety and well-being of young athletes in the sport. Gymnastics is considered the greatest sport in the world due to the valuable physical and mental lessons it teaches. However, the devastating events that have occurred necessitate a complete overhaul of the organization. Freakonomics Radio features conversations with various experts and athletes, including former NFL player Dominique Foxworth and history professor David Canton. The hidden side of sports series can be accessed with a Stitcher Premium subscription. The show is produced by Stitcher and Dubner Productions, and can be heard on NPR stations, SiriusXM, Spotify, and other platforms.

    Recent Episodes from Freakonomics Radio

    595. Why Don't We Have Better Candidates for President?

    595. Why Don't We Have Better Candidates for President?

    American politics is trapped in a duopoly, with two all-powerful parties colluding to stifle competition. We revisit a 2018 episode to explain how the political industry works, and talk to a reformer (and former presidential candidate) who is pushing for change.

     

    • SOURCES:

     

     

    Freakonomics Radio
    en-usJuly 04, 2024

    594. Your Brand’s Spokesperson Just Got Arrested — Now What?

    594. Your Brand’s Spokesperson Just Got Arrested — Now What?

    It’s hard to know whether the benefits of hiring a celebrity are worth the risk. We dig into one gruesome story of an endorsement gone wrong, and find a surprising result.

     

    • SOURCES:
      • John Cawley, professor of economics at Cornell University.
      • Elizabeth (Zab) Johnson, executive director and senior fellow with the Wharton Neuroscience Initiative at the University of Pennsylvania.
      • Alvin Roth, professor of economics at Stanford University.

     

     

    Freakonomics Radio
    en-usJune 27, 2024

    593. You Can Make a Killing, but Not a Living

    593. You Can Make a Killing, but Not a Living

    Broadway operates on a winner-take-most business model. A runaway hit like Stereophonic — which just won five Tony Awards — will create a few big winners. But even the stars of the show will have to go elsewhere to make real money. (Part two of a two-part series.)

     

     

     

    Freakonomics Radio
    en-usJune 20, 2024

    EXTRA: The Fascinatingly Mundane Secrets of the World’s Most Exclusive Nightclub

    EXTRA: The Fascinatingly Mundane Secrets of the World’s Most Exclusive Nightclub

    The Berlin dance mecca Berghain is known for its eight-hour line and inscrutable door policy. PJ Vogt, host of the podcast Search Engine, joins us to crack the code. It has to do with Cold War rivalries, German tax law, and one very talented bouncer.

     

    • SOURCES:
      • Lutz Leichsenring, executive board member of Clubcommission Berlin and co-founder of VibeLab.
      • PJ Vogt, reporter, writer, and host of the podcast Search Engine.

     

     

    Freakonomics Radio
    en-usJune 17, 2024

    592. How to Make the Coolest Show on Broadway

    592. How to Make the Coolest Show on Broadway

    Hit by Covid, runaway costs, and a zillion streams of competition, serious theater is in serious trouble. A new hit play called Stereophonic — the most Tony-nominated play in history — has something to say about that. We speak with the people who make it happen every night. (Part one of a two-part series.)

     

     

    Freakonomics Radio
    en-usJune 13, 2024

    591. Signs of Progress, One Year at a Time

    591. Signs of Progress, One Year at a Time

    Every December, a British man named Tom Whitwell publishes a list of 52 things he’s learned that year. These fascinating facts reveal the spectrum of human behavior, from fraud and hypocrisy to Whitwell’s steadfast belief in progress. Should we also believe?

     

     

    Freakonomics Radio
    en-usJune 06, 2024

    EXTRA: The Opioid Tragedy — How We Got Here

    EXTRA: The Opioid Tragedy — How We Got Here

    An update of our 2020 series, in which we spoke with physicians, researchers, and addicts about the root causes of the crisis — and the tension between abstinence and harm reduction.

     

    • SOURCES:
      • Gail D’Onofrio, professor and chair of emergency medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and chief of emergency services at Yale-New Haven Health.
      • Keith Humphreys, professor of psychiatry and behavioral sciences at Stanford University.
      • Stephen Loyd, chief medical officer of Cedar Recovery and chair of the Tennessee Opioid Abatement Council.
      • Nicole O’Donnell, certified recovery specialist at the University of Pennsylvania's Center for Addiction Medicine and Policy.
      • Jeanmarie Perrone, professor of emergency medicine at the University of Pennsylvania.
      • Eileen Richardson, restaurant manager.

     

     

    Freakonomics Radio
    en-usJune 03, 2024

    590. Can $55 Billion End the Opioid Epidemic?

    590. Can $55 Billion End the Opioid Epidemic?

    Thanks to legal settlements with drug makers and distributors, states have plenty of money to boost prevention and treatment. Will it work? (Part two of a two-part series.)

     

    • SOURCES:
      • Keith Humphreys, professor of psychiatry and behavioral sciences at Stanford University.
      • Stephen Loyd, chief medical officer of Cedar Recovery and chair of the Tennessee Opioid Abatement Council.
      • Christine Minhee, founder of OpioidSettlementTracker.com.

     

     

    Freakonomics Radio
    en-usMay 30, 2024

    589. Why Has the Opioid Crisis Lasted So Long?

    589. Why Has the Opioid Crisis Lasted So Long?

    Most epidemics flare up, do their damage, and fade away. This one has been raging for almost 30 years. To find out why, it’s time to ask some uncomfortable questions. (Part one of a two-part series.)

     

    • SOURCES:
      • David Cutler, professor of economics at Harvard University.
      • Travis Donahoe, professor of health policy and management at the University of Pittsburgh.
      • Keith Humphreys, professor of psychiatry and behavioral sciences at Stanford University.
      • Stephen Loyd, chief medical officer of Cedar Recovery and chair of the Tennessee Opioid Abatement Council.

     

     

    Freakonomics Radio
    en-usMay 23, 2024

    Extra: Car Colors & Storage Units

    Extra: Car Colors & Storage Units

    Presenting two stories from The Economics of Everyday Things: Why does it seem like every car is black, white, or gray these days? And: How self-storage took over America.

     

    • SOURCES:
      • Tom Crockett, classic car enthusiast.
      • Zachary Dickens, executive vice president and chief investment officer of Extra Space Storage.
      • Mark Gutjahr, global head of design at BASF.
      • Kara Kolodziej, self-storage unit tenant.
      • Anne Mari DeCoster, self-storage consultant.
      • Nikkie Riedel, carline planning manager at Subaru of America.

     

     

    Freakonomics Radio
    en-usMay 20, 2024

    Related Episodes

    392. The Prime Minister Who Cried Brexit

    392. The Prime Minister Who Cried Brexit

    In 2016, David Cameron held a referendum on whether the U.K. should stay in the European Union. A longtime Euroskeptic, he nevertheless led the Remain campaign. So what did Cameron really want? We ask him that and much more — including why he left office as soon as his side lost and what he’d do differently if given another chance. (Hint: not much.)