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    • Investing in comfort: Sleep and unique purchasesCustomized mattresses and engagement rings enhance personal comfort and satisfaction. The Sleep Number Smart Bed offers individualized comfort settings, while Blue Nile allows for personalized ring designs.

      Investing in quality sleep and unique purchases, such as customized mattresses and engagement rings, can significantly enhance personal comfort and satisfaction. The Sleep Number Smart Bed allows for individualized comfort settings, making it a top choice in customer satisfaction according to JD Power. Meanwhile, at Blue Nile, customers can design personalized rings with ease and convenience. In the financial world, the nationalization of Northern Rock in the UK has led to increased safety and potentially higher savings rates, but the future of mortgage borrowing remains uncertain. These are just a few of the key topics discussed on the FT Money Show, including the best bank in the UK, tax-efficient investing, and the changing landscape of fund management.

    • Northern Rock's mortgage rate dilemmaNorthern Rock, a nationalized bank, faces a dilemma when offering competitive mortgage rates, risking accusations of undercutting competitors or becoming less competitive.

      The future of mortgage rates offered by Northern Rock, a nationalized bank specializing in mortgage lending, remains uncertain. Since it is backed by the government, Northern Rock is not allowed to offer rates that are more competitive than other high street banks. However, if Northern Rock offers a 6.5% fixed rate mortgage, which is currently better than the market average, it may have to reduce those rates in the future to be more in line with national savings rates. This could potentially lead to a dilemma for borrowers, as Northern Rock would risk being accused of undercutting competitors if it doesn't pass on base rate cuts, but also risk becoming less competitive if it does. For savers, the high rates offered by Northern Rock, particularly fixed rates, remain an attractive option. It is essential to note that there are different levels of investor protection for savings in various financial institutions. While Northern Rock offers a 100% government guarantee, other UK banks have a basic compensation scheme, and overseas banks may have home country compensation schemes. To ensure the safety of your savings, it is crucial to check how your bank is authorized.

    • Investors prefer EISs over VCTs for tax advantages and broader opportunitiesInvestors can enjoy income tax relief, capital gains tax deferral, inheritance tax exemption, and full capital gains tax exemption with EISs, making them a more attractive investment option than VCTs, which have been less favorable due to government changes and the rise of EIS fund managers.

      Investors are increasingly turning to Enterprise Investment Schemes (EISs) over Venture Capital Trusts (VCTs) due to more generous tax advantages and a wider range of investment opportunities. EISs offer income tax relief, capital gains tax deferral, inheritance tax exemption, and total freedom from capital gains on profits, making them an attractive option for investors. The landscape has changed due to the government reducing the advantages of VCTs and the emergence of more EIS fund managers like Oxford Capital, Foresight, and Octopus. Additionally, the convergence of investment strategy in areas like sustainability technologies adds to the appeal of EIS funds. Despite economic uncertainty, investors are encouraged to consider investing in early-stage companies during difficult times, as legendary investors like Sir John Templeton and Warren Buffett have advised.

    • Investing in technological progress through EIS offers tax reliefs and growth potentialEIS investments provide tax savings through income, capital gains, and inheritance tax relief, but come with higher risks due to investments in early-stage companies. Finding a good EIS manager and companies with growth potential can result in valuable investments.

      Investing in technological progress through Enterprise Investment Schemes (EIS) offers attractive tax reliefs, making it an appealing option for investors, especially during economic downturns. EIS investments provide relief from income, capital gains, and inheritance tax, making it a tax savings opportunity. However, these investments come with higher risks, as they are often in relatively early-stage companies with a limit on the size of the companies. Despite the risks, finding a good EIS manager investing in companies with growth potential can result in valuable investments that may not be negatively impacted during market downturns. Additionally, some star fund managers, such as Neil Woodford of Investor Perpetual Income, have managed to outperform their benchmarks, particularly in the bond sector, making them worth considering for income funds.

    • Experienced fund managers with long-term track records are keyInvestors should trust experienced fund managers for long-term success, but also consider young rising stars. Value-oriented funds and established managers are currently popular due to economic climate.

      While short-term fund performance can be unpredictable, it's important for investors to keep faith in experienced fund managers with proven long-term track records. Neil Woodford, a veteran equity income manager, is an example of this, despite recent underperformance. On the other hand, young rising stars like James Thompson of the Rassburn Global Opportunities Fund, who have delivered impressive results, should also be considered. The trend towards value-oriented funds and established managers is also notable, particularly in the current economic climate. Despite recent shifts towards growth investing, many investors are now seeing value in undervalued stocks, particularly in sectors like finance, which have been heavily impacted by the economic downturn.

    • Investing in value funds requires considering ethical and safety preferencesEthical investors avoid underperforming fund managers exposed during market downturns, and BA passengers can claim compensation for fuel surcharge price fixing between 2004 and 2006

      Investing in value funds involves choosing companies that align with your ethical and safety preferences. For instance, an ethical investor would avoid Neil Woodford due to his significant holdings in tobacco and oil stocks. Moreover, market downturns expose underperforming fund managers, as Warren Buffett famously said, "It's when the tide goes out, you see who's not wearing any pants." BA and Virgin Atlantic long-haul flyers, including frequent travelers, can claim compensation of up to £10 per flight leg (£20 return) due to a legal settlement over fuel surcharge price fixing between August 2004 and March 2006. However, the compensation amount varies depending on the fuel surcharge size at the time, and families or frequent travelers could potentially claim a substantial amount. It's essential to note that short-haul flights to Europe, Tripoli, and even Morocco, Egypt, and Israel, might be considered long-haul flights according to BA's definition, which could impact the compensation eligibility.

    • Long-haul flights with Virgin or BA may offer compensationIf you flew long-haul with Virgin or BA in the last 5 years, register for potential compensation at airpassengerrefunds.co.uk or call 0800-043-0343.

      If you have flown with Virgin or BA to certain destinations within the last five years, you may be eligible for compensation due to a recent legal settlement. The exact process and requirements to claim this compensation are not yet clear, but you can register and find more information on the website www.airpassengerrefunds.co.uk or by calling 0800-043-0343. The claims procedure is expected to be finalized in the next couple of months, and checks may start as early as summer 2023. Keep in mind that this only applies to long-haul flights and not to all destinations or airlines. If you have already claimed or are not eligible, consider supporting those who can benefit from this compensation.

    Recent Episodes from Money Clinic with Claer Barrett

    Financial regrets? Comedian Lucy Porter’s had a few

    Financial regrets? Comedian Lucy Porter’s had a few

    It’s easy to harbour regrets about poor financial decisions, but this week’s guest has decided to do what many wouldn’t dare: air her mistakes in public on a national tour. Presenter Claer Barrett speaks with comedian Lucy Porter, best known for her appearances on QI, Have I Got News For You and EastEnders, about her biggest money regrets and more, and the many, many laughs along the way. Clip: BBC 


    Catch Lucy on her national tour of No Regrets and listen to her podcast, Fingers on Buzzers.

    For more tips on how to organise your money, sign up to Claer's email series 'Sort Your Financial Life Out With Claer Barrett' at FT.com/moneycourse

    If you would like to be a guest on a future episode of Money Clinic, email us at money@ft.com or send Claer a DM on social media — she’s @ClaerB on Twitter, Instagram and TikTok. 


    Want more?

    Check out Claer’s column, What I wish I’d known before my smartphone was snatched.

    Listen to more episodes, such as Money Clinic meets Joe Lycett, Credit Card Clinic: How to get on top of your debts in 2024, and more.

    Presented by Claer Barrett. Produced by Tamara Kormornick. Our executive producer is Manuela Saragosa. Sound design by Breen Turner, with original music from Metaphor Music. Cheryl Brumley is the FT’s global head of audio.


    Read a transcript of this episode on FT.com



    Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.


    What will the UK election mean for your money?

    What will the UK election mean for your money?

    Regardless of which political party wins the UK general election on July 4, voters fear they will have to pay more taxes. Taxes are the crucial battleground in the run-up to polling day, and experts question whether manifesto pledges can be delivered without raising them. What aspects of our personal finances could be affected - and could a change of leadership potentially be beneficial for investors in UK stocks? In this episode, host Claer Barrett discusses what could happen next with Miranda Green, the FT’s deputy opinion editor; Nimesh Shah, chief executive of advisory firm Blick Rothenberg and Moira O’Neill, an FT investing columnist. Clips: LBC, Labour Party


    Links to articles mentioned in the show:

    Blue Wall vulnerable to tactical voting as natural Conservatives turn against party

    The hunt for good-value UK stocks

    Wealthy foreigners step up plans to leave UK as taxes increase


    For more tips on how to organise your money, sign up to Claer's email series 'Sort Your Financial Life Out With Claer Barrett' at FT.com/moneycourse

    If you would like to be a guest on a future episode of Money Clinic, email us at money@ft.com or send Claer a DM on social media — she’s @ClaerB on Twitter, Instagram and TikTok. 


    Want more?

    Check out Claer’s column, What I wish I’d known before my smartphone was snatched.

    Listen to more episodes, such as Tax cuts: will they or won’t they?, The bonus secrets of Financial Times readers, and more.


    Presented by Claer Barrett. Produced by Tamara Kormornick. Our executive producer is Manuela Saragosa. Sound design by Breen Turner, with original music from Metaphor Music. Cheryl Brumley is the FT’s global head of audio.


    Read a transcript of this episode on FT.com



    Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.


    Can financial therapy change our relationship with money?

    Can financial therapy change our relationship with money?

    Prepare to take a seat on the therapist’s couch and discover what your money habits say about you. In this episode, host Claer Barrett sits down with the UK’s first financial therapist, Vicky Reynal whose new book, Money on Your Mind: The Psychology Behind Your Financial Habits, aims to help people untangle problematic aspects of their relationship with money. They discuss the symbolic nature of money, what can make one person a spender and another a saver, and how equipping yourself with this knowledge can empower you to change negative behaviours around money.


    Want more?

    Check out Claer’s column, What I wish I’d known before my smartphone was snatched.

    Listen to more episodes, such as Money and relationships: a crash course, Investment masterclass: The psychology of money, The high cost of being a wedding guest, and more.

    For more tips on how to organise your money, sign up to Claer's email series 'Sort Your Financial Life Out With Claer Barrett' at FT.com/moneycourse

    If you would like to be a guest on a future episode of Money Clinic, email us at money@ft.com or send Claer a DM on social media — she’s @ClaerB on Twitter, Instagram and TikTok. 


    Presented by Claer Barrett. Produced by Tamara Kormornick. Our executive producer is Manuela Saragosa. Sound design by Breen Turner, with original music from Metaphor Music. Cheryl Brumley is the FT’s global head of audio.


    Read a transcript of this episode on FT.com



    Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.


    The Five Minute Investor from Money Clinic: What is a PE ratio?

    The Five Minute Investor from Money Clinic: What is a PE ratio?

    When we talk about the relative value of our investments, PE ratios are never far away from the conversation - but what does this mean, and what exactly goes into this calculation? In the latest episode of our Five Minute Investor miniseries, FT consumer editor Claer Barrett challenges FT investment columnist Stuart Kirk to break down the ‘price’ and ‘earnings’ parts of the equation, and elucidate on other ways the PE ratio is used by investors to benchmark the relative value of different shares and other assets in their portfolio. 


    Tune in every Tuesday to catch the latest episode of the Five Minute Investor, and subscribe to Money Clinic wherever you get your podcasts. If you would like Claer to demystify an investment term, email the team at money@ft.com or send Claer a DM on social media — she’s @ClaerB on Instagram and TikTok.


    For more tips on how to organise your money, sign up to Claer's email series 'Sort Your Financial Life Out With Claer Barrett' at FT.com/moneycourse


    Want more?

    Check out Claer’s column, Have you got five minutes to talk about investing?

    Read Stuart Kirk’s latest Skin in the Game column for free.

    Listen to Money Clinic’s Investment Masterclasses, such as Stuart Kirk has ‘skin in the game’, ‘Money is basically a fiction’, and more.

    Disclaimer: The Money Clinic podcast is a general discussion about financial topics and does not constitute an investment recommendation or individual financial advice.


    Presented by Claer Barrett. Produced by Tamara Kormornick. Our executive producer is Manuela Saragosa. Sound design by Breen Turner, with original music from Metaphor Music. Cheryl Brumley is the FT’s global head of audio.


    Read a transcript of this episode on FT.com



    Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.


    The Five-Minute Investor from Money Clinic: What’s an IPO?

    The Five-Minute Investor from Money Clinic: What’s an IPO?

    With a string of companies preparing to launch stock market listings on both sides of the Atlantic, investors may be tempted to invest in an IPO. But when companies stage an initial public offering, what are the factors to consider? In our new miniseries, The Five-Minute Investor, consumer editor Claer Barrett challenges Rob Armstrong, co-host of FT’s Unhedged podcast and author of the Unhedged newsletter, to explain why companies go public, and the risks of getting carried away with investing on the first day of public trading.


    Tune in every Tuesday to catch the latest episode of The Five-Minute Investor, and subscribe to Money Clinic wherever you get your podcasts. If you would like Claer to demystify an investment term, email the team at money@ft.com or send Claer a DM on social media — she’s @ClaerB on Instagram and TikTok.


    For more tips on how to organise your money, sign up to Claer's email series 'Sort Your Financial Life Out With Claer Barrett' at FT.com/moneycourse


    Want more?

    Listen to Unhedged wherever you get your podcasts, read Rob Armstrong’s latest Unhedged newsletter, and sign up to a free 30-day trial of the Unhedged newsletter: https://www.ft.com/unhedgedoffer

    Check out Claer’s column, Have you got five minutes to talk about investing?

    Listen to Money Clinic’s Investment Masterclasses, such as An insider's view of the City of London, What’s one of the world’s leading investors buying?, and more.


    Disclaimer: The Money Clinic podcast is a general discussion about financial topics and does not constitute an investment recommendation or individual financial advice.


    Presented by Claer Barrett. Produced by Tamara Kormornick. Our executive producer is Manuela Saragosa. Sound design by Breen Turner, with original music from Metaphor Music. Cheryl Brumley is the FT’s global head of audio.


    Read a transcript of this episode on FT.com



    Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.


    The Five-Minute Investor from Money Clinic: What is a yield?

    The Five-Minute Investor from Money Clinic: What is a yield?

    Like an interest rate on a savings account, investment yields show us how much income different investments are able to generate. But how are yields calculated, and how can they measure the returns on different types of investments including shares, bonds and property? 

    In our new miniseries, The Five-Minute Investor, consumer editor Claer Barrett asks FT markets columnist and Unhedged co-host Katie Martin to give practical examples of how yields can be used as a benchmark for different assets, and how to interpret the story behind the numbers.


    Tune in every Tuesday to catch the latest episode of The Five-Minute Investor, and subscribe to Money Clinic wherever you get your podcasts. If you would like Claer to demystify an investment term, email the team at money@ft.com or send Claer a DM on social media — she’s @ClaerB on Instagram and TikTok.


    For more tips on how to organise your money, sign up to Claer's email series 'Sort Your Financial Life Out With Claer Barrett' at FT.com/moneycourse.


    Want more?


    Listen to Unhedged wherever you get your podcasts, and read Katie Martin’s column on the topic, How the humble dividend might rise again.


    Check out Claer’s Lunch with investor and ‘Dragon’s Den’ star Deborah Meaden.


    Listen to Money Clinic’s investment masterclasses, such as Deborah Meaden on her life in business, An insider's view of the City of London, and more.


    Presented by Claer Barrett. Produced by Tamara Kormornick. Our executive producer is Manuela Saragosa. Sound design by Breen Turner, with original music from Metaphor Music. Cheryl Brumley is the FT’s global head of audio.


    Disclaimer: The Money Clinic podcast is a general discussion about financial topics and does not constitute an investment recommendation or individual financial advice.


    Read a transcript of this episode on FT.com



    Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.


    The Five-Minute Investor from Money Clinic: What’s a bull market?

    The Five-Minute Investor from Money Clinic: What’s a bull market?

    Global stock markets are charging along breaking record after record — but what’s driving this ‘bull market’ and how much longer can it last? Plus, what could it mean for investors if a ‘bear market’ awakens from hibernation? In our new miniseries, The Five-Minute Investor, consumer editor Claer Barrett challenges Rob Armstrong, co-host of FT’s Unhedged podcast and author of the Unhedged newsletter, to explain the factors that drive bull and bear markets, and if individual investors should reconsider their strategy.


    Links:

    Free pound cost averaging calculator: https://www.hl.co.uk/tools/calculators/regular-investing-calculator


    Free dollar cost averaging calculator: https://www.buyupside.com/calculators/dollarcostave.php


    Tune in every Tuesday to catch the latest episode of The Five-Minute Investor, and subscribe to Money Clinic wherever you get your podcasts. If you would like Claer to demystify an investment term, email the team at money@ft.com or send Claer a DM on social media — she’s @ClaerB on Instagram and TikTok.


    For more tips on how to organise your money, sign up to Claer's email series 'Sort Your Financial Life Out With Claer Barrett' at FT.com/moneycourse


    Want more?


    Listen to Unhedged wherever you get your podcasts, read Rob Armstrong’s Unhedged newsletter on the topic, A better bull market?, and sign up to a free 30-day trial of the Unhedged newsletter: https://www.ft.com/unhedgedoffer


    Check out Claer’s column, Have you got five minutes to talk about investing?


    Listen to Money Clinic’s Investment Masterclasses, such as An insider's view of the City of London, What’s one of the world’s leading investors buying?, and more.


    Presented by Claer Barrett. Produced by Tamara Kormornick. Our executive producer is Manuela Saragosa. Sound design by Breen Turner, with original music from Metaphor Music. Cheryl Brumley is the FT’s global head of audio.


    Disclaimer: The Money Clinic podcast is a general discussion about financial topics and does not constitute an investment recommendation or individual financial advice.


    Read a transcript of this episode on FT.com



    Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.


    The Five-Minute Investor from Money Clinic: The power of compounding

    The Five-Minute Investor from Money Clinic: The power of compounding

    ‘The two most powerful warriors are patience and time,’ Leo Tolstoy once wrote. But how can this make you a richer investor? The answer is compounding, and in our new miniseries, The Five-Minute Investor, consumer editor Claer Barrett challenges Bobby Seagull, the TV star and mathematics teacher, to demonstrate how compounding can power up our long-term investments. 


    Tune in every Tuesday to catch the latest episode of The Five-Minute Investor, and subscribe to Money Clinic wherever you get your podcasts. If you would like Claer to demystify an investment term, email the team at money@ft.com or send Claer a DM on social media — she’s @ClaerB on Instagram and TikTok.


    Try out a compound interest calculator, and read more about INC and ACC funds.


    Take a look at MoneySavingExpert’s credit card minimum repayment calculator.


    For more tips on how to organise your money, sign up to Claer's email series 'Sort Your Financial Life Out With Claer Barrett' at FT.com/moneycourse


    Want more?


    Check out Claer’s column, Why do we think we can beat the market?


    Listen to Money Clinic’s Investment Masterclasses, such as An insider's view of the City of London, What’s one of the world’s leading investors buying?, and more.


    Presented by Claer Barrett. Produced by Tamara Kormornick. Our executive producer is Manuela Saragosa. Sound design by Breen Turner, with original music from Metaphor Music. Cheryl Brumley is the FT’s global head of audio.


    Disclaimer: The Money Clinic podcast is a general discussion about financial topics and does not constitute an investment recommendation or individual financial advice.


    Read a transcript of this episode on FT.com



    Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.


    The Five Minute Investor from Money Clinic: Are share buybacks good news for investors?

    The Five Minute Investor from Money Clinic: Are share buybacks good news for investors?

    Share buybacks have been in the news as Apple announced what would be the largest buyback in US history. But why is the US tech giant purchasing $110bn of its own shares, and cancelling them? In the latest episode of our Five Minute Investor miniseries, FT consumer editor Claer Barrett quizzes FT investment columnist Stuart Kirk on why more and more companies are doing this — and how investors can benefit. 


    Tune in every Tuesday to catch the latest episode of the Five Minute Investor, and subscribe to Money Clinic wherever you get your podcasts. If you would like Claer to demystify an investment term, email the team at money@ft.com or send Claer a DM on social media — she’s @ClaerB on Instagram and TikTok.


    For more tips on how to organise your money, sign up to Claer's email series 'Sort Your Financial Life Out With Claer Barrett' at FT.com/moneycourse


    Want more?

    Check out Claer’s column, Have you got five minutes to talk about investing?

    Read Stuart Kirk’s latest Skin in the Game column for free.

    Listen to Money Clinic’s Investment Masterclasses, such as Stuart Kirk has ‘skin in the game’, ‘Money is basically a fiction’, and more.


    Presented by Claer Barrett. Produced by Tamara Kormornick. Our executive producer is Manuela Saragosa. Sound design by Breen Turner, with original music from Metaphor Music. Cheryl Brumley is the FT’s global head of audio.


    Disclaimer: The Money Clinic podcast is a general discussion about financial topics and does not constitute an investment recommendation or individual financial advice.


    Read a transcript of this episode on FT.com



    Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.


    The Five Minute Investor from Money Clinic: Why liquidity matters for investors

    The Five Minute Investor from Money Clinic: Why liquidity matters for investors

    In the age of the smartphone, it’s never been easier to buy an investment — but how quickly can you sell one, and how might this affect the price? In our new miniseries, The Five Minute Investor, consumer editor Claer Barrett challenges investment commentator Justin Urquhart-Stewart to explain why liquidity should be at the forefront of every investor’s mind.


    Tune in every Tuesday to catch the latest episode of the Five Minute Investor, and subscribe to Money Clinic wherever you get your podcasts. If you would like Claer to demystify an investment term, email the team at money@ft.com or send Claer a DM on social media — she’s @ClaerB on Instagram and TikTok.


    For more tips on how to organise your money, sign up to Claer's email series 'Sort Your Financial Life Out With Claer Barrett' at FT.com/moneycourse


    Want more?

    Check out Claer’s column, Why do we think we can beat the market?

    Listen to Money Clinic’s Investment Masterclasses, such as An insider's view of the City of London with today’s guest Justin Urquart-Stewart, What’s one of the world’s leading investors buying?, and more.

    Presented by Claer Barrett. Produced by Tamara Kormornick. Our executive producer is Manuela Saragosa. Sound design by Breen Turner, with original music from Metaphor Music. Cheryl Brumley is the FT’s global head of audio.


    Disclaimer: The Money Clinic podcast is a general discussion about financial topics and does not constitute an investment recommendation or individual financial advice.


    Read a transcript of this episode on FT.com



    Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.


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    A Fraction on Friction - 37 Degrees

    Slip and fall injuries always increase in the fall and the winter months.  Especially during those weather days when there are rapid or significant temperature changes.  On this episode of the MEMIC Safety Experts Podcast, we have another installment of our Fractional Safety Series where we take a quick, but detailed look at a narrow topic.  The focus today is on how temperature affects surface conditions, looking at the 37 degree warning, dew point temperature, and a few tips to help predict less obvious slip and fall hazards.  Check it out at memic.com/podcast

     

    Peter Koch: Hello, listeners, and welcome to the MEMIC Safety Experts podcast, I'm your host, Peter Koch. And today we're going to do another installment of our fractional safety series. Like many topics, safety casts a broad net. So in the fractional safety series, I take a more focused look at a single aspect of a topic, just a fraction of the holes, so to speak. These are typically shorter episodes, but will be packed with information and hopefully some nuggets that you can take back with you. In today's installment of our fractional safety series, we continue with a fraction on friction, slip and fall prevention, and we look specifically at how temperature affects the surface conditions. So let's dive right in. Why does your car, if you have one with an external temperature sensor and we all agree that water freezes at 32 degrees Fahrenheit most of the time, why does your car warn you that at 37 degrees roads may be icy? Well, [00:01:00] is it because that carmakers want a margin of error? Or maybe the programmers felt they needed a harbinger of 32 degrees? Well, if we look at it more closely, we can discover that, though either could be true. Neither are actually the reason. It's all about location and it has to do where the thermometer is located on your car. Most car thermistors or temperature sensors are located somewhere on the front of the car, maybe behind the grill or in one of the side mirrors, and they can be affected by the radiant heat of the walkway. It's a tough engineering decision. You put it too close to the engine compartment and the sensor will be affected by the engine temperature. Burry it too deeply in the vehicle and it won't register the outside ambient temperature at all. It needs to be somewhere far enough away from the engine, but close enough to the outside of the car. Then it can be in the airflow around the car. Accurate readings from these sensors will come after the car has been traveling [00:02:00] at speed and the airflow has normalized for the radiant heat of the roadway. However, in the winter location is also the reason for the warning. At 37 degrees. In the winter, temperatures taken above ground level will be slightly warmer than at the road surface, especially at night after the roadway has cooled. So when the temperature sensor is located in the grill or side mirror, it doesn't reflect the temperature at ground level. Thus, the car manufacturers will give you fair warning that icy conditions are possible at 37 degrees. Well, how does this translate then into slips and falls? Well, similarly, you may have experienced checking the temperature, finding that it's in the mid 30s, and then your first step on the pavement is like stepping on to a skating rink, not even realizing that there's going to be ice there on the ground because, again, water freezes at 32 degrees and the temperature you just checked was maybe 35 or 36 or 38. Think [00:03:00] about where the thermometer that you just checked, whether it's at work or at home, is located. If you have a backyard thermometer or maybe even a window thermometer, those are located well, somewhere that you can see them from a window. And even if you don't have a local thermometer and like many of us, we use a weather app on our phone or computer that might not give you accurate surface temperature reading either, according to weather.gov, when temperatures are officially recorded for hourly weather observations and climate reports, they're measured at a height of between one and a quarter and two meters above the ground. That's between four and six and a half feet. The instruments are housed in special shelters called Stevenson Screens. They are named after the father of writer Robert Louis Stevenson. And meteorologists call this temperature the surface temperature, and that's the temperature that gets reported out to the public. Again, these provide readings of the ambient temperature where the sensor is located, or an average [00:04:00] of many sensors, but not at ground level. During clear and calm nights, the temperature at the ground or some surface near the ground can become much cooler than the reported temperature. The radiation of heat away from the ground is the cause in this drop, in these conditions, the coldest air forms near the ground and being heavier than the air above it remains there. So even when the temperature is in the mid to upper 30s, frost or ice can still form. Just because it's cold, though, doesn't always mean that it's icy. There are other environmental conditions that will factor into the formation of frost or ice on a walkway or road. Let's take a quick break.

    Peter Koch: Seasons change and with cooler temperatures come slip and fall hazards, sometimes we get complacent and think we've got it covered. But statistics show that slip and fall injuries always increase in the fall and the winter. Did you know that MEMIC has a page on their website about winter safety resources that anyone [00:05:00] can access? It has reminders, tips and checklists that you can use for your home or your business to help you prepare for winter hazards. Check it out at MEMIC.com And search for winter safety. If you are a policyholder with MEMIC, then check out the winter safety resources at MEMIC.com/workplacesafety and log in to safety director. Now let's get back to the Fraction on Friction episode.

    Peter Koch: So let's talk a little bit about dewpoint. Dew point is the temperature or point at which the air is saturated with water vapor or water in its gaseous state, well all air has some water vapor in it and the amount of water vapor the air can hold varies with temperature. The warmer the air, the greater its ability to hold water vapor. And if the air cools down enough, it won't be able to hold the moisture that it started with and the water vapor will condense into water droplets. Or if the temperatures fall, enough [00:06:00] ice crystals. When the sun is out, the air temperature near the surface is usually above the dew point and water in the atmosphere remains as vapor. However, as the sun sets and the earth radiates heat into space, the air near the surface can cool to the dew point temperature. On cold, clear nights if the surface temperature and dew point temperatures are below freezing, then frost will form. And this can make for some slippery travel. But it tends to form fairly slowly and can be easily managed if we anticipate it. On the other hand, fog can be more challenging, especially when it's colder. Fog often forms on cold or clear nights as the temperatures drop to the dew point in areas where there is abundant moisture, such as around unfrozen rivers, lakes or soil that is still damp or wet. Fog contains large amounts of liquid water. And if a fog bank passes over a walkway, parking lot or roadway that has cooled to a temperature below freezing, icing can [00:07:00] be rapid and take a toll on travelers with a thick coat of ice being deposited in mere minutes. Temperature affects surface conditions in multiple ways, and the media or Internet based sources we normally rely on to influence our decisions for travel may not be enough to keep us safe and upright in some circumstances. Understanding the relationship between air temperature, surface temperature and dew point temperature can help you identify problems and make decisions for future actions. Here are some practical tips for predicting less obvious outdoor slip and fall potentials. So first, clearing skies with low or no wind can indicate rapid radiational cooling potential. This can have an impact on any walkway moisture and raise a red flag for your morning commute or walk to the mailbox when the temperatures start to drop next, the sun helps to melt frosty surfaces. However, surfaces and shaded areas can hold ice well into the day, even when [00:08:00] reported temperatures are above freezing. Next, know your locations, know where you work, live and commute. Are they near water or open fields? Do you normally see fog in those areas on cold or cool mornings when the temperatures start to drop and get into those mid 30s and you expect fog in those areas? Be sure to use caution. And finally, remember, officially reported temperatures are warmer than surface temperatures, especially on cold, clear nights. If air temperatures drop below the thirty seven degree mark, freezing conditions may already exist at the surface. There's a ton more that we can talk about regarding how temperature affects surface conditions. We didn't even get to freezing rain or wind. However, you can check out some additional reading at MEMIC.com/podcast where you can find more resources on this topic and our entire podcast archive.

    Peter Koch: That about wraps up this weeks, safety expert podcast. Today, we've been exploring how temperatures, even [00:09:00] those above freezing, can indicate freezing conditions and affect surface friction. Thanks again for joining us. If you have any questions on this topic or would like to hear more about a particular topic on our podcast, or you have ideas of other episodes related to safety, email me at podcast@MEMIC.com. And if you haven't already, I'd appreciate it if you took a minute to review us on Stitcher, iTunes or whichever podcast service that you listen to us on. And if you've already done that, well, thank you, because it really helps us spread the word. Please consider sharing this show with a business associate friend or family member who you think will get something out of it. And as always, thank you for your continued support. Until next time. This is Peter Koch reminding you that listening to the MEMIC Safety Experts podcast is good, but using what you learn here is even better.