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    Kicking out the populists: how young voters helped swing Poland’s election

    en-gbOctober 19, 2023

    Podcast Summary

    • Poland's Opposition Parties Secure Landmark Election Victory, Ending Law and Justice Party's RuleYoung people and opposition parties in Poland defied expectations, securing a victory that marks the end of the Law and Justice party's eight-year rule, and a chance for Poland to return to democratic values and safety for women.

      Young people and the opposition parties in Poland defied expectations and secured a landmark election victory, marking the end of the Law and Justice party's eight-year rule. This result is significant as the Law and Justice party had been criticized for rolling back democratic norms, women's rights, and promoting anti-LGBTQ and anti-migrant sentiments. The opposition's win is being hailed as a chance for Poland to return to democratic values and safety for women. The election was portrayed as a last chance for change, and the opposition ran a strong campaign, leaving everyone guessing until the very end. Despite initial uncertainty, the opposition's victory was made apparent through exit polls and Donald Tusk's declaration of victory. This election not only changes Poland's political landscape but could also impact European political dynamics.

    • Polish elections surprise with record-breaking turnout, especially among young votersYoung Polish voters defied expectations by turning out in higher numbers than pensioners and supporting opposition leader Donald Tusk's party, resulting in a decisive victory and easing concerns of a prolonged political battle.

      The Polish elections, which were seen as a vote of existential importance, defied expectations with a record-breaking turnout of over 70%. Young people, in particular, played a significant role in the outcome, with higher turnout rates among the 18-29 age group than pensioners. This was a surprise as it was widely believed that young Polish voters would either stay home or support far-right or left-wing parties. However, Donald Tusk's opposition party received the most votes from this demographic, indicating a shift in political engagement among the youth. The intense campaigning from both sides, with each side portraying the other as a threat to the country, also contributed to the high turnout. The result was an emphatic victory for Tusk's party, which was a relief to those concerned about the potential for a painful and prolonged political battle.

    • Poland's Elections: Questionable Fairness and Tusk's VictoryDespite government's alleged interference, opposition leader Tusk's party emerged as the largest, making him the next prime minister, but the formal appointment is delayed due to political tradition.

      The recent elections in Poland saw an enthusiastic and idealistic crowd supporting opposition politician Donald Tusk, but the fairness of the campaign was questionable due to the government's alleged attempts to influence the media and voting rules in their favor. The OSCE criticized the undue influence on public media, particularly TVP, which strongly favored the ruling party, Law and Justice. Despite this, Tusk's party emerged as the largest among the three groups that will form the new government, making him the almost certain next prime minister. However, the formation of the new government and the formal appointment of Tusk as prime minister are expected to take some time, as President Anjay Duda holds the power to grant the first mandate to form a government, which traditionally goes to Law and Justice.

    • Poland's Law and Justice Party: A Unique Blend of Right-Wing and Left-Wing PoliciesPoland's Law and Justice Party implemented socio-economic policies appealing to left-wing voters, while employing right-wing, socio-cultural policies targeting specific groups, leading to a significant impact on LGBT rights and abortion laws.

      The Law and Justice party in Poland, which has been in power for the last eight years, implemented a unique blend of policies that appealed to both right-wing and left-wing voters. They increased social benefits while also employing right-wing, socio-cultural policies that targeted specific groups, such as the LGBTQ community, refugees, and non-European immigrants. These policies relied on fear tactics and historical trauma to gain support. The impact on LGBT rights was significant, with an increase in hate speech and a climate of intolerance. For instance, during the presidential campaign three years ago, the Law and Justice aligned candidate, President Duda, made fighting against "LGBT ideology" a major campaign issue. This led to several municipalities declaring themselves "LGBT-free zones," even though it had no legal force. Abortion rights also faced draconian restrictions, with Poland having some of the most restrictive laws in Europe, and even pursuing criminal prosecutions. However, the recent election results indicate a shift in rhetoric, with the opposition party, led by Donald Tusk, advocating for civil partnerships for same-sex couples and prioritizing a more inclusive approach. The outcome remains to be seen, but the change in tone is a noticeable development.

    • Poland's restrictive abortion laws and eroding democratic institutionsPoland's abortion laws are strict and doctors face legal consequences, reflecting larger democratic erosion under the Law and Justice party. Ex-PM Tusk may ease restrictions but faces challenges maintaining coalition and EU relations.

      Poland's abortion laws are restrictive and doctors risk legal consequences for performing them, even in cases of health risks or severe birth defects. This issue is part of a larger pattern of erosion of democratic institutions under the Law and Justice party, which has filled key positions with political loyalists and strained Poland's relationship with the EU. Donald Tusk, a former prime minister and European Council president, is expected to take over as prime minister and may be able to loosen abortion restrictions, but keeping a diverse coalition together and navigating EU relations will be challenges.

    • Poland's political shift presents challenges for undoing controversial policiesPolish President's veto power, Law and Justice appointees in institutions, and strained Poland-EU relations pose challenges for new government's initiatives

      The new political shift in Poland, with the departure of the Law and Justice party and the election of Donald Tusk, presents significant challenges for undoing controversial conservative policies. First, Polish President Anze Duda holds a veto power over legislation until 2025. Second, institutions that were meant to be neutral have been filled with Law and Justice appointees, leaving potential legal landmines that could obstruct the new government's initiatives. Additionally, relations between Poland and Brussels had become strained, and European politicians are generally pleased to see Law and Justice leave the political scene. However, the road to change will not be easy, as these challenges may not be fully apparent until the new government attempts to enact its agenda.

    • New Polish government seen as positive for EU and Ukraine relationsThe election of a pro-European Polish government and high voter turnout could provide insights for other countries dealing with far-right parties and inspire greater voter engagement.

      The election of a new pro-European government in Poland, led by Prime Minister-designate Mateusz Morawiecki, is being seen as a positive development in the EU and in Ukraine. The result is expected to lead to improved relations between Poland and the EU, and continued support for Ukraine. The opposition parties' decision not to run as a unified block against the ruling Law and Justice Party may have contributed to the record-breaking high turnout in the election. This election could provide a potential template for other countries facing challenges from far-right parties. The Guardian Central and Eastern Europe correspondent, Sean Walker, noted that the fact that the opposition parties kept their separate lists allowed voters to have a greater choice and potentially brought out those disillusioned with the two-party system. The high turnout, reaching up to 85% in Warsaw, is expected to be studied for insights into what motivated such a large voter turnout.

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