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    SYSK Selects: Your limb is torn off - now what?

    enFebruary 29, 2020

    Podcast Summary

    • Exploring Business Growth with Squarespace and Home Project Success with FergusonSquarespace offers business owners valuable analytics and marketing optimization tools, while Ferguson assists homeowners, designers, and builders with project expertise and coordination.

      Both Squarespace and Ferguson offer valuable solutions for businesses and individuals respectively. Squarespace provides business owners with valuable analytics through Insights, enabling them to grow their business by understanding their site traffic and sales sources, and optimizing their marketing strategy. Ferguson, on the other hand, offers expertise and assistance for home projects, from product selection to delivery coordination, ensuring a successful outcome for homeowners, designers, and homebuilders. During the podcast discussion, the hosts also touched upon the topic of mental and physical health, emphasizing the importance of staying dedicated and focused, even when facing challenges like being sick. They shared their belief in the power of the mind to impact the body and encouraged listeners to maintain a positive attitude. For those interested in exploring Squarespace, a free trial is available at squarespace.com/stuff, and a 10% discount can be applied using the offer code STUFF at the time of purchase. For those embarking on home projects, Ferguson's team of experts can be reached at Ferguson.com/build.

    • First successful full limb reattachment in human historyEddie Everett Knowles Jr. became the first person to receive a full limb reattachment after his arm was torn off during a hitchhiking adventure, marking a major milestone in medical history.

      Eddie Everett Knowles Jr.'s hitchhiking adventure on May 23, 1962, turned into a medical milestone when he became the first successful human recipient of a full limb reattachment. While walking alongside a slow-moving gravel train, Eddie made a reckless decision to grab on for a thrill, but misjudged the distance between the train and a tunnel, resulting in his arm being torn off. Shocked and covered in blood, Eddie was discovered by workers and received initial care from a woman and a clerk. However, when they attempted to apply a tourniquet, they realized his arm was no longer attached. Luckily, Eddie was still lucid enough to provide his identity and the hospital was able to assemble a team of surgeons. Previous attempts at reattaching limbs had only included reattaching nerves, bone, and blood vessels separately, but not all at once. The surgeons, who had been eagerly waiting for a suitable case, were able to perform the groundbreaking surgery, making Eddie's case the first successful full limb reattachment in human history.

    • First successful arm reattachment in 1962In 1962, a 12-year-old boy's arm was successfully reattached at Mass General Hospital using a method that prioritized restoring circulation first, followed by addressing nerve damage. This approach, which includes the use of microsurgery, is still used today.

      The successful reattachment of a 12-year-old boy's arm in 1962 at Mass General Hospital marked a significant milestone in the history of limb reattachment surgery. The quick healing of younger patients, especially in this case where the brachial artery was severely damaged, played a crucial role in the success of the procedure. The surgeons worked diligently to restore circulation, first focusing on the arteries and veins. They then waited to address the nerve damage to allow more time for healing. This approach, which is still used today, was perfected through the 70s and 80s. The use of microsurgery, involving the use of a microscope and tiny needles and sutures, enabled the precise reattachment of nerves and blood vessels as small as a millimeter in diameter. The boy, despite losing the use of his dominant hand, was able to regain some functionality and return to normal life. This groundbreaking surgery took place just two years after the first microsurgery was performed at the University of Vermont, demonstrating the dedication and advancement of medical professionals in this field.

    • The History of Microsurgery: From Skepticism to InnovationMicrosurgery, including limb replantation and tissue transfer, evolved from skepticism to innovation, with pioneering doctors perfecting the technique on the fringes in the 1960s and 70s. Notable advancements include free flap tissue transfer and the degloving procedure.

      Microsurgery, specifically limb replantation and tissue transfer, has a rich history with controversial beginnings. Initially met with skepticism, the use of microscopes for surgery was perfected on the fringes by pioneering doctors. The practice gained prominence in the 1960s with the development of toe-to-hand transfers, and in the 1970s with the advent of free flap tissue transfer. This technique involved harvesting tissue from one part of the body and using it to replace damaged areas, requiring intricate microsurgery. The origins of the need for such procedures in dogs are unclear, but it's speculated that they may have been used as test subjects. A notable example of microsurgery is the degloving procedure, where fingers are inserted under the skin of another body part and eventually regrow as webbed fingers. This procedure, though not new, is still remarkable and highlights the advancements in microsurgery.

    • Exploring the wonders of the human body and safe social media for kidsThe human body's resilience inspires awe, even in its most raw state. Zigazoo is a safe, fun social media platform for kids with real moderation and privacy protections. Squarespace's Fluid Engine simplifies website design for creativity and flexibility.

      Despite the initial shock or disgust, the beauty and resilience of the human body can be appreciated even in its most raw and vulnerable state. This was evident in the discussion about microsurgery and replantation, where the speaker had become desensitized to the sight of bodies without skin. Another interesting topic that emerged was the discussion about Zigazoo, a social media platform designed specifically for kids. The speaker highlighted the fun and safe features of the platform, which is moderated by real people and has built-in privacy protections. Lastly, the discussion touched upon Squarespace's Fluid Engine, a next-generation website design system that makes it easier for anyone to create and customize websites. The speaker emphasized the flexibility and creativity that comes with using Fluid Engine. Overall, the conversation covered a range of topics, from the wonders of the human body to the importance of safe and fun social media platforms for kids, to the power of creating and designing websites with ease and creativity.

    • Act quickly during a limb emergencyCall 911, stabilize the patient, keep limb in ice, and seek immediate medical attention to reattach bone and restore blood flow.

      During an emergency situation where a limb has been severed, it's crucial to act quickly. First, call 911 for medical assistance and try to stabilize the patient by stopping the bleeding and applying ice to prevent further damage. Make sure to keep the severed limb in a bag filled with ice, but avoid putting it directly on the ice or in water to prevent frostbite and tissue damage. Once at the hospital, surgeons will work to reattach the bone, blood vessels, and restore blood flow to the limb, which is essential to prevent further tissue death. Remember, every minute counts, so acting swiftly and efficiently can significantly impact the outcome of the situation.

    • Timing is crucial for successful limb reattachment surgeryIdeally, limb reattachment surgery should be done as soon as possible to minimize muscle degradation and increase chances of success. Post-surgery, nerve repair and skin grafting follow.

      The success of a limb reattachment surgery largely depends on the timeliness of the procedure. Ideally, it should be done as soon as possible, within hours or even minutes, to minimize muscle degradation and increase the chances of a successful reattachment. The article also mentions that while skin tissue damage is a concern, muscle degradation is a more significant issue. After the initial bone, blood vessel, and muscle fiber reattachment surgery, nerve repair and skin grafting will follow later. A less common but fascinating procedure called cross transfer involves transplanting a functional limb to an area where the original limb was damaged, effectively reassigning its functions to the new location. Overall, these procedures aim to maximize the utility of the available limb and help individuals regain mobility despite the loss of their original limb.

    • Exploring Microsurgery, Social Media for Kids, and the UnexpectedMicrosurgery offers solutions for injured body parts above the bone, social media platform Zigazoo ensures kid safety, and unexpected Google search results remind us of the internet's mysteries

      There are different ways to approach the topic of microsurgery and regeneration. While it's intriguing to imagine a world where we can simply find a lost body part and regrow it with a magic powder, the reality is that such advancements are limited. Instead, microsurgery offers a more viable solution for those who have suffered injuries above the bone, such as the tip of a finger. Another surprising topic that emerged during our discussion was the use of social media for kids. Despite initially swearing off social media for children, the discovery of Zigazoo, a kid-safe platform, has led to a change of heart. With videos moderated by actual people, no comments or messaging, and parental consent required to join, Zigazoo prioritizes data safety for kids. Furthermore, we discussed the strange occurrence of Madonna images appearing during a Google search for cross-transferred hands. The reason behind this remains a mystery, but it's a reminder that the internet can sometimes lead us down unexpected paths. Lastly, we touched on the topic of Easter and the convenience of free in-store pickup at CVS for all your Easter basket needs. Overall, our conversation covered a range of topics, from the intriguing to the practical, and provided insights into various aspects of life.

    • Man regrows finger with extracellular matrix from brotherExtracellular matrix from a pig bladder, with cells and DNA removed, can signal the body to regenerate damaged tissue instead of scarring, as shown when a man regrew his finger, nail bed, and fingernail after receiving the matrix instead of a skin graft.

      The extracellular matrix, a substance that functions outside of cells and holds them together, has surprising regenerative capabilities. This was exemplified by a man who, after losing his finger, received an application of extracellular matrix from his brother instead of a planned skin graft. Remarkably, not only did the man regrow his finger, but he also regrew his nail bed and fingernail, which are typically unable to regenerate. The extracellular matrix used was derived from a pig bladder, with the cells and DNA removed, leaving only the matrix. This matrix, when applied to the wound, initiated the recruitment of stem cells and signaled the body to regrow the finger instead of scarring. Previously, it was believed that the extracellular matrix only provided structure for cells to grow around, but new research has shown that it also plays a role in signaling the body to regenerate damaged tissue.

    • Exploring ways to naturally trigger the dormant function of the extracellular matrix for tissue regenerationResearchers are investigating methods to revive the extracellular matrix's role in preventing inflammation and scarring, potentially leading to the regeneration of complex structures like limbs or organs, inspired by animals' natural abilities.

      The extracellular matrix plays a crucial role in preventing inflammation and scar tissue formation, allowing for normal cell growth. However, as we age, this function becomes dormant. Researchers are exploring ways to naturally trigger this process, potentially leading to the regeneration of complex structures like limbs or even organs. This is inspired by the natural ability of some animals, like deer, to regrow certain body parts. While progress is being made, such as in the successful regeneration of tendons in war veterans, there is still much to learn. It's important to note that while impressive, partial regeneration is not the same as a fully functional, regrown limb. And, for the record, Lewis and Clark did not discover syphilis in the Americas, as it had been known in Europe since the late 15th century.

    • Blame Game in Syphilis OutbreakDuring the syphilis outbreak, countries blamed each other for the disease, while mercury was a popular but unpleasant cure

      The blame game was common during the early stages of the syphilis outbreak, with different countries labeling it as their adversary's disease. For instance, the French referred to it as the Neapolitan sickness, while the Italians named it the French sickness. This trend continued as the disease spread further. Mercury was one of the popular cures for syphilis, but it was quite nasty. If you're interested in learning more about the history of syphilis, Claude Cattell's book "The History of Syphilis" is a good reference. Kathleen Pierce also mentioned a French author named Gersan who wrote about syphilis. It's important to note that corrections and feedback are always welcome, so feel free to reach out to us via Twitter using the handle @syskpodcast, Facebook, or email at stuffpodcast.howstuffworks.com. Moving on, social media can be a positive experience, especially for kids, with platforms like Zigazoo providing a safe and verified community for them. During spring break, you can encourage your kids to try out Zigazoo and post their vlogs. The Easter Bunny is also coming early this year, and CVS makes it easy to prepare for the holiday with free and store pickup options. You can find a wide range of Easter-related items, from toys and Peeps to themed egg decorators and pre-filled Easter eggs, on their website. So, hop to it and get your orders in time for a brilliant Easter!

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