ALN Academy Podcast

ALN Academy Talks: Unlocking Intra-African Trade: AfCFTA, EAC, and Strategic Partnerships. We sit down with Daniel Ngumy, Managing Partner at Anjarwalla & Khanna | ALN Kenya, to discuss the latest advancements in trade facilitated by the AfCFTA Agreement, the EAC trading bloc and significant developments in the region, as well as the United States and Kenya Strategic Trade and Investment Partnership.
 
Daniel specialises in regional and international tax law and has extensive experience in tax disputes and tax transactional matters. He is responsible for co-heading the International Trade Law Practice at the firm and also serves as a Board Member of the Kenya Chapter of the American Chamber of Commerce.
 
Don’t forget to like, share, and follow to stay updated on the rule of law, governance, and sustainability.

ALN Academy Talks: Unlocking Intra-African Trade: AfCFTA, EAC, and Strategic Partnerships. We sit down with Daniel Ngumy, Managing Partner at Anjarwalla & Khanna | ALN Kenya, to discuss the latest advancements in trade facilitated by the AfCFTA Agreement, the EAC trading bloc and significant developments in the region, as well as the United States and Kenya Strategic Trade and Investment Partnership.
 
Daniel specialises in regional and international tax law and has extensive experience in tax disputes and tax transactional matters. He is responsible for co-heading the International Trade Law Practice at the firm and also serves as a Board Member of the Kenya Chapter of the American Chamber of Commerce.
 
Don’t forget to like, share, and follow to stay updated on the rule of law, governance, and sustainability.

In this video, Sonal Tejpar provides her insights on the outcomes of COP27 and its implications for Africa. The conference focused on Africa's unique needs, with a major outcome being the establishment of a Loss and Damage Fund. However, financing falls short of Africa's needs, and developing countries expressed concerns about the debt burden of loans. 

COP27 recognized the lack of early warning systems in Africa and introduced an initiative to provide universal early warnings by 2027, but the investment required is not yet clear. As the world gears up towards COP28 set for December 2023, the key takeaways for Africa are the urgent need for resources, leadership, and ambition, and the potential of carbon credit markets.

In our previous Masterclass, Ian Gaitta took us through shareholder agreements in detail, their key clauses, and provisions to consider when developing a shareholder agreement. The objective of today’s masterclass is to discuss the role of Engineering Procurement contracts (EPC), the main elements of these documents and how risks are allocated under different EPC structures and considerations that should be made when drafting these contracts. 

This Masterclass is part of a series of virtual training that The ALN Kenya | Anjarwalla & Khanna’s Project and Infrastructure Department has prepared on public-private partnerships and project finance. Amyn Mussa is a Partner and Head of the Projects & Infrastructure at ALN Kenya He is a highly regarded energy and projects lawyer in Kenya, ranked in Band 1 in the projects and energy category by Chambers Global 2022. He has developed a dynamic and market-leading energy and projects practice at ALN Kenya and is involved in advising on various matters, including construction and O&M contracts, government contract work, debt and equity financing, and land acquisitions, amongst others. 

Please remember to subscribe to our ALN Academy podcast to receive notifications when we upload new episodes. Don't forget to subscribe to our ALN Academy YouTube channel and follow us on social media. Stay up to current on our content by following @alnacademy on Twitter, LinkedIn, and Instagram. 

Join us for a conversation with the Hon. Justice Martha Koome, Chief Justice of the Republic of Kenya and President of the Supreme Court of Kenya, as she joins Aisha Abdallah, Director of the ALN Academy, and Karim Anjarwalla, Senior Partner at ALN Kenya, in a discussion on the Rule of Law and Justice in Kenya. In part one of this conversation we discuss the significant priorities and challenges facing the judiciary, including the separation of powers, the role of the judiciary in preserving the rule of law in Africa, diversity and representation in leadership positions, and resource allocation.

Join us for a conversation with the Hon. Justice Martha Koome, Chief Justice of the Republic of Kenya and President of the Supreme Court of Kenya, as she joins Aisha Abdallah, Director of the ALN Academy, and Karim Anjarwalla, Senior Partner at ALN Kenya, in a discussion on the Rule of Law and Justice in Kenya. In part one of this conversation we discuss the significant priorities and challenges facing the judiciary, including the separation of powers, the role of the judiciary in preserving the rule of law in Africa, diversity and representation in leadership positions, and resource allocation.

Welcome to the sixth and final episode of the Out of Mind MasterClass Series! In this episode, Thomas Mundia, PCC, Executive Fellow and Coach at Strathmore Business School (SBS) takes us through the following:

-Developing Habits for Happiness

Use this link to watch the full video: https://youtu.be/cfAP-JRbgaU

Use this link to listen to this episode on the podcast. The ALN Academy podcast is available on all podcast platforms: https://lnkd.in/dQb6Qeb5

In our previous episodes, we covered:

-Defining mental health

-The mental health continuum

-Managing an unrelenting workload

-Managing unrelenting deadlines

- Relationships at the workplace

- Developing personal values 

Use the link below to listen to the first episode | Mental Health in the Workplace: https://lnkd.in/dmCha5rz

Use this link to listen to the second episode | Managing Workplace Stressors: https://lnkd.in/dre2Hjuu

Use this link to listen to the third episode | Relationships in the Workplace:https://lnkd.in/dUYK5g9m

Use this link to listen to the fourth episode | Developing Healthy Coping Mechanisms:https://lnkd.in/d9ZEEk4x

Use this link to listen to the fifth episode | Personal Values and Happiness:

Don't forget to like, comment, share, and subscribe to our channel for more content on mental wellness.

About the Masterclass:

In a six-episode series, The ALN Academy, in partnership with Strathmore Law School, guides us through a better understanding of mental health and emotional well-being, how having poor mental health can affect us, methods and resources to assist us to improve our mental health, and much more.

About the instructor:

Thomas Mundia, PCC is a UK and USA Certified Emotional, Social, Gender and Moral Intelligence coach and trainer. He has trained across the continent in countries such as Uganda, Ethiopia, Malawi, Botswana, South Africa, Tanzania, Ghana, Rwanda, and Mauritius. Some of his notable clients are the Executive Committee of DFCU Bank Uganda, ABSA Group Senior Management, BOD aBi Development Limited, Safaricom Kenya Senior Management and County Executive Committee Members.

Mr Mundia currently works as an Executive Fellow and Coach at Strathmore Business School (SBS). He is a Professional Certified Coach (PCC) and mentor coach with the International Coaching Federation. He serves on the Africa Executive Coaching Council as well as the Africa Board of Coaching, Consulting, and Coaching Psychology. He is also a part-time senior faculty member of Awaken Coach Institute, where he co-trains in coach certification programmes.

New Podcast Episode! MasterClass on Shareholder Agreements for PPP Projects. The goal of today's masterclass is to provide a deeper understanding of shareholder agreements. Taking us through this is Ian Gaitta, partner at Anjarwalla & Khanna | ALN. 
Today's masterclass will cover:
 - shareholder agreements in detail
- Key clauses within these agreements
 -Provisions to consider when developing a shareholder agreement.

This masterclass is part of a series of virtual trainings on public-private partnerships and project finance over the next few months. Don't forget to subscribe to our podcast if you haven´t already for more content on the rule of law, governance, and sustainability. The ALN Academy podcast is available on all podcast platforms! 

About the speaker: Ian Gaitta is a Partner at Anjarwalla and Khanna. He is a corporate commercial lawyer with over 10 years of practice experience. His practice focuses on mergers and acquisitions, private equity transactions, and joint ventures both in the UAE and cross-border transactions with a sub-Saharan Africa focus.

Let's Talk Tax Part 2: Navigating the Frontiers of International Cooperation in International Taxation. In this episode,  Abdullahi Ali, Associate at Tax sits down with James Karanja, Head of Transfer Pricing at Anjarwalla & Khanna | ALN, to delve deeper into the tax developments at the international level.

In this part two, they address:
-The key initiatives that have been undertaken to entrench transparency as a central feature through the automatic exchange of information in tax matters;
-Addressing the impacts of harmful tax competition; and
-The role of taxation in supporting the ESG initiatives that have become a critical component of modern-day corporate governance.

Use this link to watch the interview: https://youtu.be/Tx2s4ytvL18

Use this link to listen to this interview on podcast. The ALN Academy podcast is available on all podcast platforms:https://www.buzzsprout.com/1739846/12028563

In part one, they discussed the tax reforms and challenges in Africa, the OECD Inclusive Framework on the Base Erosion and Profit Shifting Project and Africa's role in Tax reform deliberations.

Use this link to watch part one of the interview: https://youtu.be/277_qDuaW6A

Use this link to listen to part one of this interview on podcast. The ALN Academy podcast is available on all podcast platforms:https://www.buzzsprout.com/1739846/11877545

Stay tuned for part two next week and don't forget to like, comment, share and subscribe to our channel for more content.

About the speaker:
James is an international tax expert based in Kenya and the current Head of Transfer Pricing at Anjarwalla & Khanna. He previously led the secretariat of OECD-UNDP Tax Inspectors without Borders, an innovative global capacity-building project targeted at building transfer pricing capacity in developing countries. He has previously served in various capacities within the Kenya Revenue Authority, including as Head of the International Tax Office. He is an Advocate of the High Court of Kenya. He holds a Master's degree in Public Policy and Management from Strathmore University and an LLB (Hons) from the University of Nairobi.

#internationaltax #taxaws #OECD #baseerosion #profitshifting #law

Let's Talk Tax: Navigating the Frontiers of International Cooperation in International Taxation.  Abdullahi Ali, Associate, Tax sits down with James Karanja, Head of Transfer Pricing at Anjarwalla & Khanna | ALN, to explore tax developments at the international level. They discuss the fundamental structural reforms proposed in the international tax system to curb base erosion and profit shifting and the role that African countries will play in ensuring the protection of their taxing rights.

In this part one of this interview they discuss: 
-Tax Reforms & Challenges in Africa
-The OECD Inclusive Framework on the Base Erosion and Profit Shifting Project 
-Africa's role in Tax reform deliberations

Use this link to watch part one of the interview: https://youtu.be/SEXkCWLy3Bk

Use this link to listen to part one of this interview on podcast. The ALN Academy podcast is available on all podcast platforms:https://www.buzzsprout.com/1739846/11771229

Stay tuned for part two next week and don't forget to like, comment, share and subscribe to our channel for more content.

About the speaker: 
James is an international tax expert based in Kenya and the current Head of Transfer Pricing at Anjarwalla & Khanna. He previously led the secretariat of OECD-UNDP Tax Inspectors without Borders, an innovative global capacity-building project targeted at building transfer pricing capacity in developing countries. He has previously served in various capacities within the Kenya Revenue Authority, including as Head of the International Tax Office. He is an Advocate of the High Court of Kenya. He holds a Master's degree in Public Policy and Management from Strathmore University and an LLB (Hons) from the University of Nairobi. 

#internationaltax #taxaws #OECD #baseerosion #profitshifting #law

Welcome to the fifth episode of the Out of Mind MasterClass Series! In this episode, Thomas Mundia, Executive Fellow and Coach, at Strathmore University Business School  takes us through the following:

- Developing personal values 
- Understanding our emotions
- Types of emotive responses to stress

Use this link to watch the full video: 

Use this link to listen to this episode on the podcast. The ALN Academy podcast is available on all podcast platforms:

In our previous episodes, we covered:

-Defining mental health

-The mental health continuum

-Managing an unrelenting workload

-Managing unrelenting deadlines

- Relationships at the workplace

Use the link below to listen to the first episode | Mental Health in the Workplace: https://lnkd.in/dmCha5rz

Use this link to listen to the second episode | Managing Workplace Stressors: https://lnkd.in/dre2Hjuu

Use this link to listen to the third episode | Relationships in the Workplace:https://lnkd.in/dUYK5g9m

Use this link to listen to the fourth episode | Developing Healthy Coping Mechanisms:https://lnkd.in/d9ZEEk4x

Stay tuned for our final episode, Part six next week, and don't forget to like, comment, share, and subscribe to our channel for more content on mental wellness.

About the Masterclass:

Over the next six weeks, The ALN Academy, in partnership with Strathmore Law School, guides us through a better understanding of mental health and emotional well-being, how having poor mental health can affect us, methods and resources to assist us to improve our mental health, and much more.

About the instructor:
Thomas Mundia is a UK and USA Certified Emotional, Social, Gender and Moral intelligence coach and trainer. He currently works at Strathmore University Business School as an Executive Fellow and Coach. He holds a Master’s in Applied Philosophy and Ethics and currently embarking on his doctoral studies in Virtuous Leadership Coaching in the Workplace based on his WISH model on behaviour change.
Some of his notable clients are the Petroleum Authority of Uganda Board and Management, Executive Committee of Housing Finance Bank Uganda, Executive Committee of I&M Bank Rwanda, Executive Committee of NSSF Uganda, Senior Management of International Livestock Research Institute Ethiopia, Ethiopia Pharmaceutical Supply Agency, Ministry of Lands-Kenya, Board of Directors of Symbion International, Executive Committee of DFCU Bank Uganda, ABSA Group Senior Management, BOD aBi Development Limited, Safaricom Kenya Senior Management, Family Business Owners and Board Members at the Business School Program and County Executive Committee Members. He has trained across the continent in countries such as Uganda, Ethiopia, Malawi, Botswana, South Africa, Tanzania, Ghana, Rwanda, and Mauritius.
He is a certified analyst of leadership assessment tools such as Personal Development Analysis (PDA), Clarity 4D, Extended DISC, and Inventory for Work, Attitudes, and Motivations (IWAM). He is currently a member of the International Coaching Federation as a Professional Certified Coach (PCC) and mentor coach. He s a board member of the Africa Executive Coaching Council and Africa Board of Coaching, Consulting and Coaching Psychology. He is a senior faculty (part-time) at Awaken Coach Institute as a co-trainer in coach certification programs. He is a certified digital coach on various international coaching platforms (UK and Germany).

#values #happiness #emotionalintelligence #mentalhealth #fulfilment #workplace #wellbeing #law

Join us on December 8th, 2022, from 3:15 p.m. to 4:45 p.m. as Prof. Githu Muigai, Senior Counsel, Mohammed Muigai LLP, and Karim Anjarwalla, Senior Partner, Anjarwalla & Khanna | ALN, discuss Prof. Muigai's recently published book, "Power, Politics, and Law," as well as the state of democracy and the rule of law in Africa. This event has been organized by the ALN Academy in partnership with Kabarak University Press.

Moderator: Aisha Abdallah, Partner, Anjarwalla & Khanna | ALN

Welcome to the fourth episode of the Out of Mind MasterClass Series! In this episode, Caroline Karoki, Head of People and Culture at Anjarwalla & Khanna | ALN takes us through the following:

- Workplace stressors in summary

- How do develop healthy coping mechanisms

Use this link to watch the full video:

Use this link to listen to this episode on podcast. The ALN Academy podcast is available on all podcast platforms:

In our previous episodes, we covered:

-Defining mental health

-The mental health continuum

-Managing an unrelenting workload

-Managing unrelenting deadlines

- Relationships at the workplace

Use the link below to listen to the first episode | Mental Health in the Workplace: https://lnkd.in/dmCha5rz

Use this link to listen to the second episode | Managing Workplace Stressors: https://lnkd.in/dre2Hjuu

Use this link to listen to the third episode | Relationships in the Workplace:https://lnkd.in/dUYK5g9m

Stay tuned for part five next week and don't forget to like, comment, share and subscribe to our channel for more content on mental wellness.

About the Masterclass:

Over the next six weeks, The ALN Academy, in partnership with Strathmore Law School, guides us through a better understanding of mental health and emotional well-being, how having poor mental health can affect us, methods and resources to assist us to improve our mental health, and much more.

About the instructor:

Caroline Karoki is a seasoned people and culture professional with over twelve years of experience working in leading professional services firms. She is currently the Head of People & Culture at Anjarwalla & Khanna | ALN, the largest Corporate Law Firm in Eastern Africa, where she also supports teams in Tanzania and Dubai.

#stressors #workplace #healthyhabits #mentalhealth #deadlines #wellbeing #law

Welcome to the third episode of the Out of Mind MasterClass Series! In this episode, Caroline Karoki, Head of People and Culture at Anjarwalla & Khanna | ALN takes us through:
-Managing unrelenting deadlines
- Relationships in the workplace

Use this link to watch the full video: https://youtu.be/BoRFXqb5D9Q

In our previous episodes, we covered:
-Defining mental health
-Why work has an impact on our mental health
-The mental health continuum
-Workplace stressors
-Managing an unrelenting workload
-Communicating expectations at work

Use the link below to listen to the first episode|Mental Health in the Workplace : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hbYL2bNTc4s

Use this link to listen to the second episode|Managing Workplace Stressors : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dFam46cjy6I

Stay tuned for part four next week and don't forget to like, comment, share and subscribe to our channel for more content on mental wellness.

About the Masterclass:
Over the next six weeks, The ALN Academy, in partnership with Strathmore Law School, guides us through a better understanding of mental health and emotional well-being, how having poor mental health can affect us, methods and resources to assist us to improve our mental health, and much more.

About the instructor:
Caroline Karoki is a seasoned people and culture professional with over twelve years of experience working in leading professional services firms. She is currently the Head of People & Culture at Anjarwalla & Khanna | ALN , the largest Corporate Law Firm in Eastern Africa, where she also supports teams in Tanzania and Dubai.

Welcome to the second episode of the Out of Mind MasterClass Series!  In this second episode, Caroline Karoki, Head of People and Culture at ALN Kenya takes us through:
-Workplace stressors
- Managing an unrelenting workload
- Communicating expectations at work

Incase you missed our first episode, we covered:
-Defining mental health
- Why work has an impact on our mental health
- The mental health continuum
Use the link below to listen now: https://www.buzzsprout.com/1739846/11607071

Stay tuned for part three next week and don't forget to like, comment, share and subscribe to our channel for more content on mental wellness.

About the Masterclass:
Over the next six weeks, The ALN Academy, in partnership with Strathmore Law School, guides us through a better understanding of mental health and emotional well-being, how having poor mental health can affect us, methods and resources to assist us to improve our mental health, and much more.

About the instructor: 
Caroline is a seasoned people and culture professional with over twelve years of experience working in leading professional services firms. She is currently the Head of People & Culture at ALN Kenya, the largest Corporate Law Firm in Eastern Africa, where she also supports teams in Tanzania and Dubai.

Welcome to the Out of Mind MasterClass! Over the next six weeks, The ALN Academy, in partnership with Strathmore Law School, guides us through a better understanding of mental health and emotional well-being, how having poor mental health can affect us, methods and resources to assist us to improve our mental health, and much more.

In this video, Caroline Karoki, Head of People and Culture at ALN Kenya takes us through
-Defining mental health
- Why work has an impact on our mental health
- The mental health continuum

Stay tuned for part two next week and don't forget to like, comment, share and subscribe to our channel for more content on mental wellness.

About the instructor: 
Caroline is a seasoned people and culture professional with over twelve years of experience working in leading professional services firms. She is currently the Head of People & Culture at ALN Kenya, the largest Corporate Law Firm in Eastern Africa, where she also supports teams in Tanzania and Dubai.

Let´s Talk Governance. MasterClass on Equity Structuring and Joint Development Agreements for PPP Projects. The objective of today’s Masterclass is introducing to a greater extent the typical types of finance documents that would be involved in a project finance transaction. This Masterclass is a part of a series of virtual trainings on public-private partnerships and project finance over the next few months. Taking us through this is Ian Gaitta, Partner at Anjarwalla and Khanna.

Today's masterclass will cover:

• Basics of equity structuring
• Joint Development Agreements/Investment Agreement
• Share purchase and subscription agreements

 Don't forget to subscribe to our podcast if you haven´t already for more content on the rule of law, governance, and sustainability.

ALN Academy Talks| Financing sustainable projects in Africa. In this episode, Sonal Sejpal Partner, ALN Kenya and Head of Banking and finance sat down with Oliver Phillips, Associate Director of Sustainable Finance at Standard Chartered Bank to discuss sustainability with a key focus on financing sustainable projects in Africa.

In order to fully understand the concept, it is first important to understand what the term ‘sustainable finance’ means and the scope and objectives that are incorporated with it. According to the European Union (EU), sustainable finance refers to the process of taking environmental, social and governance (ESG) considerations into account when making investment decisions in the financial sector, leading to more long-term investments in sustainable economic activities and projects. In Standard Chartered Bank, this objective involves delivering a net zero state from the bank financing by the year 2050 with alignment to its particular ambitions. This means that the lending book is aligned to achieving net zero with the aim of reducing emissions and promoting a green economy. This can only be achieved by maintaining a complete top-down view of all aspects of any business so as to help manage regulatory and compliance risks while also helping clients adhere to ethical and environmental standards. 

Sustainable finance and ESG cuts across various banking aspects such as trade finance and derivatives, market issuance, project financing and credit facilities for clients and other market trends. Standard Chartered provides an advisory function to the clients at the onset to strategize plans to narrow their criteria for ESG.  In Africa, there is a particular focus on having a ‘just-transition.’ The continent has made significant strides in coming up with strategies aimed at fulfilling the Paris Agreement. However, if this is not done in a responsible and just manner if the climate challenge or climate catastrophe is not dealt with effectively, there is a risk of leaving many people behind and ending up in a world with far more problems.

Financial growth is required to bridge the financial gap that Africa is currently experiencing. Only 10% of the SDGs are funded in Africa, compared to 90% in Europe, underlining the vast imbalance that must be bridged. There is an opportunity for investors to route these funds where they are most needed, such as in Africa, where responsible financing is critical to the continent's overall growth.

Any move to commercialize natural resources must begin with their protection, as there are vital African natural aspects that are often disregarded. Natural forest basins such as the Amazon receive a lot of attention, but the Congo Basin is often overlooked, despite being a massive carbon sink. Monetizing carbon and natural capital more widely have the potential to be extremely beneficial for African governments, corporations, and banks, since it provides a fresh source of debt repayment, particularly at a time when the global economy is in upheaval. Markets in Africa are developing new revenue sources to pay their debt and attract new investors, which increasingly include ESG initiatives. Despite the pitfalls and the challenges in achieving this, there is great potential for monetization of natural resources for the continent. 

Interviewee: Oliver Phillips, Associate Director, Sustainable Finance-Standard Chartered
Interviewer: Sonal Sejpal, Partner and Head of Banking and Finance, ALN Kenya

 Stay tuned for more content on the rule of law, governance, and sustainability.

ALN Academy Talks | Governance and COVID-19. When COVID-19 hit, IGAD collaborated with various partners to bridge the health materials supply gap, enhance access to healthcare services, and aid cross-border communities in Africa. In this episode, Aisha Abdallah, Board Director of the ALN Academy and Partner at ALN Kenya, and Dr Girum Maheteme, Regional Coordinator, IGAD COVID-19 Response, discussed the crucial lessons learned from this pandemic, the necessity for sufficient support from governments within the bloc, and the role that IGAD has played in coordinating the COVID-19 response over the last few years.

Populations living on the border, refugees, migrants, and internally displaced people are usually far from the centres and unable to access the supplies and materials required to safeguard themselves against COVID-19 and other pandemics. Expanding water and sanitation systems and health services as well as having a risk communication strategy and an emergency response system will increase pandemic preparedness.

The IGAD COVID-19 response team continues to work towards the establishment of cross-border committees between the states. They have agreed in partnership with the member states to focus on strengthening health systems in cross-border regions, which includes training and access to necessary resources, without compromising the existing health systems in the member states.

The Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD) is a regional economic community bloc serving eight countries in the Horn of Africa, namely, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan, and Uganda. Its mission is to work with and supplement the social development agendas of its member countries.

Stay tuned for more content on the rule of law, governance, and sustainability!

The ALN Academy Talks aims to promote conversations on rule of law and good governance across Africa for the development of the continent. In this episode, we sat down with Aisha Abdallah, Partner at ALN Kenya | Anjarwalla & Khanna and Board Director of the ALN Academy. Aisha heads the Disputes Resolution Department at Anjarwalla & Khanna. She is passionate and well-versed in issues around the rule of law. 

The rule of law in general means that there is a predictable legal regime that applies to everyone, and everyone is equal before the law and is protected. The rule of law in Africa is important because it is a way to ensure that we can access our rights and enforce them. Unfortunately, this has not been the case in Africa, as military coups and forced changes in government leadership have been witnessed. On the upside, however, positives such as the first female president in East Africa, Samia Suluhu, and countries such as Rwanda have robust female representation in government. 

When it comes to the rule of law and foreign investments, lenders are interested in knowing that when the money they invest in a country is protected, their interests remain protected and that in the event of a dispute, there will be fair treatment accorded to them. For governments trying to attract investment, the comparison measure is the country's status in terms of the rule of law. 

Lawyers operate in a legal context. If they don't work to improve the rule of law, they undermine their relevance. The responsibility, then, falls on legal practitioners to keep the government accountable with regard to the promotion of the rule of law.

In a nutshell, sustainable solutions for Africa that advance the rule of law need to be explored. What works for first-world countries may not necessarily work for Africa.