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    #288 ‒ The impact of gratitude, serving others, embracing mortality, and living intentionally | Walter Green

    enFebruary 05, 2024
    What was the main topic of the podcast episode?
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    Podcast Summary

    • The Importance of Cultivating Relationships and Expressing Gratitude for Emotional Well-beingPrioritizing meaningful connections, expressing gratitude, and valuing time over unnecessary commitments are essential for finding fulfillment and happiness in life. Walter's "Say it now" movement reminds us to appreciate and express our feelings to loved ones before it's too late.

      Cultivating meaningful relationships and expressing gratitude are essential for emotional and mental health. Through the conversation with Walter Green, it becomes evident that the value of time and the importance of saying no to unnecessary commitments allow us to prioritize and focus on building connections with others. By emphasizing relationships over success, we can find fulfillment and happiness in life. Walter's "Say it now" movement highlights the significance of expressing our feelings and appreciation to the people who matter before it's too late. Although this podcast may not delve into scientific topics, it emphasizes the crucial role of emotional and mental well-being, serving as a reminder that fostering connections and expressing gratitude are just as important as other aspects of health.

    • Finding Purpose Through HardshipLife's challenges can inspire us to live with purpose and value every moment, as personal hardships shape our motivations and perspectives.

      Life's challenges can shape our motivations and perspectives. Walter's childhood was marked by constant movement, which prevented him from forming deep relationships and instilled a sense of uncertainty. Additionally, his mother's battle with cancer and his father's premature death reaffirmed the fragility and brevity of life. These experiences served as a catalyst for Walter's motivation to make the most of his time and create a meaningful existence. The absence of friendships fueled his drive to succeed, while the awareness of mortality impelled him to cherish every moment. This highlights the profound impact that personal hardships can have on our outlook, pushing us to live with purpose and appreciate the preciousness of life.

    • Embracing Life's Challenges with Gratitude and DeterminationWalter Green's journey teaches us the value of resilience and the power of seeking help for mental health struggles. It reminds us to cherish opportunities and believe in our own strength.

      Life can be unpredictable and challenging, but it is important to approach it with intentionality and a sense of gratitude. Walter Green's journey highlights the importance of not taking anything for granted and being proactive in overcoming obstacles. Despite facing tough academic and career struggles, he persevered and adapted to various situations. The experience of being hospitalized for mental illness also emphasizes the stigma surrounding mental health during that time and the importance of seeking help and support. Through therapy and self-reflection, Walter was able to learn and grow from his experiences. Ultimately, this story reminds us to appreciate the opportunities we have and to never underestimate the strength that lies within us.

    • Seeking help, resilience, and seizing opportunities: Walter’s story of overcoming mental health challenges and multilevel marketing lessons.Seeking therapy and finding support can have significant benefits, helping individuals navigate through traumatic experiences, and realizing their mental well-being while seizing opportunities and making the most of unforeseen circumstances.

      Walter Green's experience with mental health challenges taught him the importance of seeking therapy and finding support. Despite initially feeling inconvenienced by therapy, he realized its benefits and continued with it for two years. The therapy allowed him to understand that he was in a good place mentally and helped him navigate through his traumatic episode. While there was always a fear of it happening again, Walter never let it control his life. Additionally, his experience with multilevel marketing taught him the value of seizing opportunities. Despite losing money, he gained a wife and valuable lessons. Overall, Walter's story emphasizes the significance of seeking help, resilience, and making the most of unforeseen circumstances.

    • The Power of Authentic ConnectionsInvesting time and effort into nurturing genuine friendships brings immense happiness and support, reminding us to celebrate and prioritize the people who make a difference in our lives.

      Building strong connections and meaningful relationships is crucial for personal fulfillment and success. Walter Green's journey highlights the importance of surrounding oneself with genuine friends who bring joy and enrichment to life. By deliberately celebrating and acknowledging these friendships, Green demonstrates the power of expressing gratitude and strengthening bonds. His intentional and thoughtful approach, from the unique invitations to the tribute speeches, exemplifies the impact of investing time and effort into nurturing relationships. This takeaway reminds us that authentic connections can bring immense happiness and support, and that it's never too late to prioritize and celebrate the people who make a difference in our lives.

    • The Power of Publicly Expressing AppreciationPublicly expressing gratitude has a lasting impact and is greatly appreciated by others. It magnifies the effect and transfers the lesson of the power of expressing something collectively rather than individually. Embracing mortality leads to living intentionally and finding joy in each passing year.

      Expressing appreciation publicly has a powerful impact. Walter Green's experience of publicly expressing gratitude to his friends on his fiftieth birthday left an indelible impression on him. He realized that people greatly appreciate being appreciated and that doing it publicly magnifies the effect. This realization led him to believe in the power of expressing something in a group rather than individually. It was a transferable lesson from his experience in the conference business. Additionally, Green learned the importance of living intentionally and making decisions about what not to do. He embraced the fear of mortality by understanding that life is finite and found a gift in each passing year.

    • Intentional Living: Prioritizing What MattersBy setting clear goals and being intentional about how we spend our time, we can achieve greater fulfillment and productivity in both our personal and professional lives.

      Being intentional about how we spend our time and setting clear goals for our interactions can lead to greater fulfillment and productivity. By asking ourselves and others what we want to achieve or experience in a given situation, we can prioritize what truly matters and avoid wasting time on unnecessary activities. This approach can be applied both professionally and personally, whether it's a business meeting or spending quality time with loved ones. It may initially seem like too much structure, but it ultimately provides freedom by helping us focus on what truly brings us joy and satisfaction. The process of asking ourselves these questions and constantly evaluating our goals can lead to a more intentional, gratifying life.

    • Setting goals and benchmarks for a purposeful life.Define your ideal outcomes in personal, family, financial, and health relationships, set incremental benchmarks, and learn to say no to opportunities that don't align with your goals to live a fulfilled life.

      Having clear goals and benchmarks in various areas of our lives can provide structure, discipline, and ultimately freedom. Walter Green emphasizes the importance of defining ideal outcomes for personal, family, financial, and health relationships, and working backwards to set incremental benchmarks. These benchmarks act as indicators of progress and keep us on track towards our goals. It may initially feel awkward or require discipline to say no to opportunities that don't align with these outcomes, especially when they seem enticing in the moment. Peter Attia shares his own technique of buying time to think about opportunities before committing. By implementing these strategies, we can find focus and avoid wasting time and energy on pursuits that don't contribute to our desired outcomes. Ultimately, this approach can lead to a more fulfilled and purposeful life.

    • The Power of Acknowledging and Appreciating OthersReflecting on and expressing gratitude towards the important people in our lives can lead to personal growth, happiness, and a deeper understanding of ourselves.

      Taking the time to reflect on and appreciate the important people in one's life can greatly impact personal growth and happiness. Walter Green's journey of visiting and connecting with forty-four individuals showed the power of acknowledging the positive influence others have had. By intentionally spending time with each person and expressing gratitude, Green not only strengthened his relationships but also gained a deeper understanding of himself. This process highlighted the richness of life and the blessings of meaningful connections. It serves as a reminder that taking the time to recognize and appreciate those who have impacted us can bring joy and fulfillment, regardless of the number of people involved.

    • The Transformative Power of Deep RelationshipsCultivating meaningful relationships is essential for a rich and fulfilling life, as they provide true enrichment and teach compassion, love, and care.

      Cultivating meaningful relationships and prioritizing them over material success is essential for a rich and fulfilling life. Walter Green's personal journey of experiencing deprivation in his early years and then realizing the importance of human connection highlights the transformative power of deep relationships. The forty-four close friends he acknowledges in his book signify the deliberate effort he puts into nurturing and appreciating these connections. Walter believes that traditional measures of success often overshadow the significance of relationships, and he advocates for incorporating relationship education into schools. True enrichment comes from being compassionate, loving, and caring towards others, which can only be learned through meaningful relationships rather than superficial ones.

    • Cultivating Authenticity and Empathy for Deeper RelationshipsDeveloping authenticity and empathy involves being true to ourselves, understanding and connecting with others on a deeper level, and showing compassion, leading to meaningful connections and the ability to be a reliable support system.

      Cultivating authenticity and empathy can lead to deeper relationships and the ability to be a support system for others. Walter Green emphasizes that being open and genuine in our interactions with others is key to developing these skills. Deep relationships are not necessarily built with a wide range of friendships, but rather with those who have significantly impacted our lives. It's about the quality, not the quantity. Developing authenticity and empathy involves being true to ourselves, understanding and connecting with others on a deeper level, and showing compassion. It's a choice, but it can lead to meaningful connections and the ability to be a person that others can rely on in times of need.

    • The Power of Authentic Connections and the Importance of Expressing GratitudeBuilding genuine friendships and expressing gratitude can have a profound impact on people's lives, spreading positivity and making them feel valued. It's never too late to show appreciation and reconnect with loved ones.

      Authenticity and meaningful connections are more valuable than superficial associations. Walter Green emphasizes the importance of genuine friendships, where people truly care about each other even outside of shared organizations. He shares the profound impact of Tim Russert's death and the messages he never got to hear, which made him realize the significance of expressing gratitude and showing appreciation while people are still alive. Green's book on the power of gratitude resonated with many individuals, including a girl in the Philippines who contemplated suicide but found hope and support through his words. This highlights the importance of spreading positivity and making a difference in people's lives. Green's Say It Now movement and the simple act of sending short notes to loved ones solidifies the idea that it's never too late to express appreciation and reconnect with others. Ultimately, it's about making people feel that they matter before it's too late.

    • The Importance of Expressing Gratitude and Love to Those Who MatterBy breaking the tradition of waiting until someone's funeral to express our appreciation and love, we can create a culture of gratitude and connection that strengthens relationships and ensures no one feels unloved or unappreciated.

      We should let the people who have influenced and impacted our lives know how important they are to us while they're still alive. The customary practice of waiting until someone's funeral to express our appreciation and love is outdated and unnecessary. By unlearning this behavior, we can create a culture of gratitude and connection that lifts others up and strengthens our relationships. It may feel uncomfortable at first, but expressing our gratitude and love to those who matter to us is essential. We can start by teaching younger generations the importance of expressing gratitude and practicing it ourselves. Let's break the cycle and make saying it now the norm, so that no one feels unloved or unappreciated.

    • Proactive Planning and Relationships: Securing the FutureTaking proactive steps to plan for the unexpected and fostering strong relationships are essential for providing security and leaving a lasting impact on our loved ones.

      Planning for the future and taking care of loved ones is essential. Walter Green emphasizes the importance of preparing for the unexpected by ensuring financial affairs are in order and leaving clear instructions for their spouse in case something happens. He also talks about the significance of giving back and accelerating philanthropy, not just for nonprofits but also for individuals who have been important to him. Walter recognizes the value of modeling these behaviors for his children and conveying gratitude and support to his family. This teaches us that taking proactive steps and fostering strong relationships are key to providing security and leaving a lasting impact on those we care about.

    • Cultivating Gratitude and Finding Peace in Life's JourneyExpressing gratitude and living in the present moment enriches both our own lives and the lives of others. It is never too early to start appreciating the blessings and people that surround us.

      Finding peace and fulfillment at the end of life requires a mindset of gratitude and expression of that gratitude. Walter Green, at the age of 85, has learned to appreciate his blessings and the people who have touched his life. He emphasizes the importance of not waiting until later in life to start being grateful, just like saving money or showing kindness. Building awareness and expressing gratitude enriches both the giver and the receiver. Walter's hope is for the concept of "say it now" to become as common as the idea of paying it forward. Additionally, he has come to accept that he cannot control the timing of his departure or the fate of his loved ones. Instead, he focuses on taking care of his wife and finding peace in whatever the future holds.

    • The Importance of Purpose and Relationships for a Long and Fulfilling LifeHaving a sense of purpose and maintaining meaningful relationships can lead to a longer and more fulfilling life, while lacking purpose may result in a loss of interest and decline. Love and support within long-term commitments, such as marriage, should be continued despite individual changes.

      Having a sense of purpose and maintaining meaningful relationships can contribute to a longer and fulfilling life. The example of Walter Green, who lived an extraordinary life through his purpose-driven work, and the discussion on the importance of having a purpose beyond oneself, highlight the potential link between purpose and longevity. Additionally, the observation that individuals may lose interest in life and experience decline when they lack purpose further emphasizes the significance of having a sense of direction and meaning. Furthermore, the acknowledgment of the challenges and different stages within a long-term commitment like marriage emphasizes the need for continued love and support, even as individuals evolve and change over time.

    • Focusing on others and expressing gratitude for a meaningful and fulfilling life.By caring for others and being selfless, we can find energy and fulfillment in life. Expressing gratitude through actions like writing notes or making phone calls can strengthen relationships and bring unexpected rewards. Visit "justsayitnow.org" for resources and tools.

      Focusing on others and expressing gratitude can provide us with energy and fulfillment in life. Walter Green emphasizes the importance of caring for others and being selfless. He believes that being self-focused and neglecting others can prevent us from living a long and meaningful life. He encourages listeners to start by visiting the website "justsayitnow.org," where they can find resources and tools to express gratitude and appreciation, such as writing notes or making phone calls. Walter shares a story of someone who wrote letters to mend broken relationships and found surprising and rewarding outcomes. Peter Attia commends Walter for his commitment to sharing his message and acknowledges the value of face-to-face conversations for meaningful connections.

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    Ted Schaeffer is an internationally recognized urologist specializing in prostate cancer and a returning guest on The Drive. In this episode, Ted provides insights into the role testosterone plays, or doesn't play, in the initiation and progression of prostate cancer. He unpacks the findings and limitations of the recent TRAVERSE trial, exploring the complex relationship between testosterone and prostate cancer. Ted delves into the molecular nature of prostate cancer, explaining the androgen receptor saturation theory and the potential impact of testosterone on cancer growth. He also discusses the use of the Decipher test to predict cancer aggressiveness and guide targeted treatment. Furthermore, Ted shares how he counsels patients regarding testosterone replacement therapy (TRT), including its safe administration in patients with low-grade prostate cancer. Additionally, he highlights advancements in prostate cancer therapies and biomarkers that help develop precise treatment strategies while minimizing the need for broad androgen deprivation therapy.

    We discuss:

    • Background on the TRAVERSE trial: insights into exogenous testosterone and prostate cancer risk [3:00];
    • The androgen receptor saturation theory: how different organs respond to varying levels of testosterone [10:30];
    • The relationship between testosterone levels and prostate cancer aggressiveness: how aggressive prostate tumors have lower androgen receptor activity and rely on different growth mechanisms [16:15];
    • Using the Decipher score to assess prostate cancer aggressiveness and guide personalized treatment strategies [23:45];
    • Considerations for testosterone replacement therapy: how Ted counsels patients, how TRT can be safely administered in patients with low-grade prostate cancer, and more [31:15];
    • Advancements in prostate cancer therapies and PSA as a biomarker for precise treatment decisions, minimizing the need for broad androgen deprivation therapy [38:30]; and
    • More.

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    The Peter Attia Drive
    enJuly 22, 2024

    #309 ‒ AI in medicine: its potential to revolutionize disease prediction, diagnosis, and outcomes, causes for concern in medicine and beyond, and more | Isaac Kohane, M.D., Ph.D.

    #309 ‒ AI in medicine: its potential to revolutionize disease prediction, diagnosis, and outcomes, causes for concern in medicine and beyond, and more | Isaac Kohane, M.D., Ph.D.

    View the Show Notes Page for This Episode

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    Isaac "Zak" Kohane, a pioneering physician-scientist and chair of the Department of Biomedical Informatics at Harvard Medical School, has authored numerous papers and influential books on artificial intelligence (AI), including The AI Revolution in Medicine: GPT-4 and Beyond. In this episode, Zak explores the evolution of AI, from its early iterations to the current third generation, illuminating how it is transforming medicine today and unlocking astonishing possibilities for the future. He shares insights from his unconventional journey and early interactions with GPT-4, highlighting significant AI advancements in image-based medical specialties, early disease diagnosis, and the potential for autonomous robotic surgery. He also delves into the ethical concerns and regulatory challenges of AI, its potential to augment clinicians, and the broader implications of AI achieving human-like creativity and expertise.

    We discuss:

    • Zak’s unconventional journey to becoming a pioneering physician-scientist, and his early interactions with GPT-4 [2:15];
    • The evolution of AI from the earliest versions to today’s neural networks, and the shifting definitions of intelligence over time [8:00];
    • How vast data sets, advanced neural networks, and powerful GPU technology have driven AI from its early limitations to achieving remarkable successes in medicine and other fields [19:00];
    • An AI breakthrough in medicine: the ability to accurately recognize retinopathy [29:00];
    • Third generation AI: how improvements in natural language processing significantly advanced AI capabilities [32:00];
    • AI concerns and regulation: misuse by individuals, military applications, displacement of jobs, and potential existential concerns [37:30];
    • How AI is enhancing image-based medical specialties like radiology [49:15];
    • The use of AI by patients and doctors [55:45];
    • The potential for AI to augment clinicians and address physician shortages [1:02:45];
    • The potential for AI to revolutionize early diagnosis and prediction of diseases: Alzheimer’s disease, CVD, autism, and more [1:08:00];
    • The future of AI in healthcare: integration of patient data, improved diagnostics, and the challenges of data accessibility and regulatory compliance [1:17:00];
    • The future of autonomous robotic surgery [1:25:00];
    • AI and the future of mental health care [1:31:30];
    • How AI may transform and disrupt the medical industry: new business models and potential resistance from established medical institutions [1:34:45];
    • Potential positive and negative impacts of AI outside of medicine over the next decade [1:38:30];
    • The implications of AI achieving a level of creativity and expertise comparable to exceptional human talents [1:42:00];
    • Digital immortality and legacy: the potential to emulate an individual's personality and responses and the ethical questions surrounding it [1:45:45];
    • Parting thoughts [1:50:15]; and
    • More.

    Connect With Peter on TwitterInstagramFacebook and YouTube

    The Peter Attia Drive
    enJuly 15, 2024

    Zone 2 training: impact on longevity and mitochondrial function, how to dose frequency and duration, and more | Iñigo San-Millán, Ph.D. (#201 rebroadcast)

    Zone 2 training: impact on longevity and mitochondrial function, how to dose frequency and duration, and more | Iñigo San-Millán, Ph.D. (#201 rebroadcast)

    View the Show Notes Page for This Episode

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    Iñigo San-Millán is an internationally renowned applied physiologist and a previous guest on The Drive. His research and clinical work focuses on exercise-related metabolism, metabolic health, diabetes, cancer metabolism, nutrition, sports performance, and critical care. In this episode, Iñigo describes how his work with Tour de France winner Tadej Pogačar has provided insights into the amazing potential of elite athletes from a performance and metabolic perspective. He speaks specifically about lactate levels, fat oxidation, how carbohydrates in food can affect our lactate and how equal lactate outputs between an athlete and a metabolically unhealthy individual can mean different things. Next, he discusses how Zone 2 training boosts mitochondrial function and impacts longevity. He explains the different metrics for assessing one’s Zone 2 threshold and describes the optimal dose, frequency, duration, and type of exercise for Zone 2. Additionally, he offers his thoughts on how to incorporate high intensity training (Zone 5) to optimize health, as well as the potential of metformin and NAD to boost mitochondrial health. Finally, he discusses insights he’s gathered from studying the mitochondria of long COVID patients in the ICU.

    We discuss:

    • The amazing potential of cyclist Tadej Pogačar [2:00];
    • Metrics for assessing athletic performance in cyclists and how that impacts race strategy [7:30];
    • The impact of performance-enhancing drugs and the potential for transparency into athletes’ data during competition [16:15];
    • Tadej Pogačar’s race strategy and mindset at the Tour de France [23:15];
    • Defining Zone 2, fat oxidation, and how they are measured [26:00];
    • Using fat and carbohydrate utilization to calculate the mitochondrial function and metabolic flexibility [35:00];
    • Lactate levels and fat oxidation as it relates to Zone 2 exercise [39:15];
    • How moderately active individuals should train to improve metabolic function and maximize mitochondrial performance [51:00];
    • Bioenergetics of the cell and what is different in elite athletes [56:30];
    • How the level of carbohydrate in the diet and ketogenic diets affects fuel utilization and power output during exercise [1:07:45];
    • Glutamine as a source for making glycogen—insights from studying the altered metabolism of ICU patients [1:14:15];
    • How exercise mobilizes glucose transporters—an important factor in diabetic patients [1:20:15];
    • Metrics for finding Zone 2 threshold—lactate, heart rate, and more [1:24:00];
    • Optimal Zone 2 training: dose, frequency, duration, and type of exercise [1:40:30];
    • How to incorporate high intensity training (Zone 5) to increase VO2 max and optimize fitness [1:50:30];
    • Compounding benefits of Zone 2 exercise and how we can improve metabolic health into old age [2:01:00];
    • The effects of metformin, NAD, and supplements on mitochondrial function [2:04:30];
    • The role of lactate and exercise in cancer [2:12:45];
    • How assessing metabolic parameters in long COVID patients provides insights into this disease [2:18:30];
    • The advantages of using cellular surrogates of metabolism instead of VO2 max for prescribing exercise [2:25:00];
    • Metabolomics reveals how cellular metabolism is altered in sedentary individuals [2:33:00];
    • Cellular changes in the metabolism of people with diabetes and metabolic syndrome [2:38:30]; and
    • More.

    Connect With Peter on TwitterInstagramFacebook and YouTube

    The Peter Attia Drive
    enJuly 08, 2024

    #308 - AMA #61: Sun exposure, sunscreen, and skin health: relationship between sun exposure and skin cancer, vitamin D production, and photoaging, how to choose a sunscreen, and more

    #308 - AMA #61: Sun exposure, sunscreen, and skin health: relationship between sun exposure and skin cancer, vitamin D production, and photoaging, how to choose a sunscreen, and more

    View the Show Notes Page for This Episode

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    In this “Ask Me Anything” (AMA) episode, Peter delves into two topics that have generated a lot of questions over the years: skin cancer and sunscreen. He begins by exploring the basics of UV radiation, discussing its effects on vitamin D conversion, photoaging, and its role in skin cancer. He examines various skin types, discussing their implications for sun exposure and vitamin D levels, as well as how to determine where you fall on the skin type scale. He then delves into the various types of skin cancer, with a particular emphasis on melanoma, exploring its complex relationship with UV exposure and other contributing risk factors. Additionally, he covers tanning beds, the importance of early skin cancer detection through regular skin checks, and the often confusing topic of sunscreen. He explains how sunscreen affects UV radiation and skin cancer risk, what SPF levels to choose, the differences between organic and mineral sunscreens, and what to consider when selecting the best sunscreen for your needs.

    If you’re not a subscriber and are listening on a podcast player, you’ll only be able to hear a preview of the AMA. If you’re a subscriber, you can now listen to this full episode on your private RSS feed or our website at the AMA #61 show notes page. If you are not a subscriber, you can learn more about the subscriber benefits here.

    We discuss:

    • The impact of UV radiation on the skin [2:00];
    • Understanding solar UV: from the electromagnetic spectrum to skin health [3:45];
    • The role of sunlight in vitamin D production [8:30];
    • Factors contributing to vitamin D deficiency: insufficient UV exposure, magnesium levels, and more [9:45];
    • Sun exposure needs for different skin types, and the limitations of current studies in defining vitamin D deficiency [12:45];
    • The acute and long-term effects of excessive UV exposure: sunburn, photoaging, and the increased risk of skin cancer [15:30];
    • Types of skin cancer and associations with UV exposure [17:45];
    • The complex relationship between melanoma and UV exposure [22:15];
    • Why UV exposure alone doesn’t necessarily explain the risk for melanoma [25:15];
    • Other risk factors for melanoma [29:15];
    • Tanning beds and skin cancer risk [34:45];
    • Balancing sun exposure: benefits and risks [38:15];
    • Tattoos and sun exposure [40:30];
    • The importance of regular skin checks, dermatologists, and emerging technologies showing promise for early detection of cancer [41:45];
    • Self-skin checks: what to look for [46:30];
    • Prevalence of skin cancer and the importance of early detection [49:30];
    • Summary of the major risk factors for melanoma [54:15];
    • The role of sunscreen in reducing skin cancer risk [55:45];
    • How sunscreen works, the differences between chemical and mineral sunscreens, an explanation of SPF, and more [58:30];
    • How to determine the appropriate sunscreen SPF to use based on the UV index [1:04:45];
    • Choosing the right sunscreen for your individual needs [1:07:00];
    • The impact of water and perspiration on sunscreen effectiveness [1:12:00];
    • Chemical vs. mineral sunscreens: safety concerns and recommendations [1:14:00];
    • Concerns about hormone effects from chemical sunscreens [1:19:15];
    • Sunscreen summary: skin types, key considerations, recommended brands, and more [1:23:15]; and
    • More.

    Connect With Peter on TwitterInstagramFacebook and YouTube

    The Peter Attia Drive
    enJuly 01, 2024

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