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    Etymology (WORD ORIGINS) with Helen Zaltzman of The Allusionist Podcast

    en-usMarch 05, 2019

    Podcast Summary

    • Exploring the history and origins of wordsUnderstanding the history and origins of words adds depth and richness to our communication. From Latin and Greek roots to regional variations, each word has a unique story.

      Each word we use has a rich history and backstory, and understanding its etymology can add depth and appreciation to our language. Alie Ward, the host of Ologies, emphasizes this idea and thanks her supporters, listeners, and reviewers for making her podcast possible. She expresses her long-standing fascination with etymology and shares her interview with Helen Saltzman, an etymologist and host of The Illusionist podcast. They discuss how language is always changing and explore various word origins, including Latin, Greek, and even the Bible. One interesting revelation is that the word "etymology" itself comes from the Greek word for truth. Saltzman, who is known for her expertise in language origins, shares insights on the origins of common words and the importance of understanding their historical context. Additionally, Ward acknowledges the challenges of pronunciation and regional variations in language, using the example of the word "tomato." This word, which comes from the Nahuatl language of the Aztecs, illustrates how language can evolve and take on new meanings over time. In summary, the discussion between Alie Ward and Helen Saltzman highlights the importance of understanding the history and origins of words in our language, and how this knowledge can add depth and richness to our communication.

    • Exploring the origins of language and wordsFrom the humorous origins of avocado's name to the intriguing history of 'pizzazz', language reveals fascinating connections to culture and history.

      Language and its origins can be both entertaining and intriguing. The avocado's name, derived from the Nahuatl word for testicle, is just one example of the amusing connections language can reveal. Our speaker, who developed an early interest in language due to her verbose household and educational background, shares her experiences of growing up with glasses and her eventual career in etymology. She discusses her university studies focusing on Old Middle English literature and her unsuccessful attempt to become an etymologist at the Oxford English Dictionary. Despite not making etymology her career, she shares her fascination with the word "pizzazz," which emerged in the 1930s and is often associated with style and flair. The discussion highlights the richness and depth of language and its connections to various aspects of culture and history.

    • The Importance of Understanding Word Origins and MeaningExploring word origins and meaning enriches language study, from Oxford to podcasts, and preserves language history through dictionaries, even as new words emerge in our modern world.

      Language is rich in history and meaning, and the evolution of words can be both fascinating and unexpected. The speaker shared a personal story about the significance of a specific pizza, which led to a discussion about word origins and language study. Helen, a podcast host and etymology enthusiast, shared her journey from studying English at Oxford to starting a podcast about language. She emphasized the importance of etymology in understanding the true meaning and history of words. The conversation also touched on the role of dictionaries in preserving and documenting language. One interesting example given was the inclusion of Doctor William Chester Minor in the compilation of the Oxford English Dictionary, despite his criminal background. The speaker noted that the process of adding new words to the dictionary involves rigorous research and documentation, ensuring that the words have sustained usage and meaning. Some recent additions to the Oxford English Dictionary include TGIF, burkini, and haterade. The speaker expressed mixed feelings about the inclusion of trendy words in the dictionary, acknowledging both the importance of documenting language and the potential for trivialization. The conversation ended with a reflection on the role of social media in language and the limitations of print dictionaries. Overall, the discussion highlighted the importance of understanding the history and meaning behind words, and the ongoing evolution of language in our modern world.

    • From etymology to human behaviorThe Ellusionist podcast evolved from exploring the origins of words to investigating their relevance in modern human behavior, showcasing expert insights and personal stories.

      The Ellusionist podcast, which started as an idea for a show about words and their origins, evolved into a more human-focused exploration of language and its relevance to current events and behavior. Helen Zaltzman, the host, began the show in 2014 after discussing the idea with her friend Roman Mars, who helped secure financing. Initially, Helen and her team aimed to cover etymology, but she soon discovered a greater interest in the current usage and resonance of words. And so, the show pivoted to explore human behavior and the relevance of language in modern life. Helen's curiosity and insomnia led her to investigate various words and their origins, and she sought out experts and personal stories to bring these words to life. For instance, she was unable to secure an interview with a museum of the history of orphans and abandoned children, so she shifted gears and explored the role of step-parents in folklore and their complex relationship with the concept of family. Throughout the process, Helen has found that, rather than being a historian, she is more interested in the present-day applications and implications of language. By focusing on the human-centered aspects of words and their usage, she has created a podcast that resonates with listeners and continues to evolve in unexpected ways.

    • The Evolution and Complexity of LanguageLanguage is a living entity that evolves and adapts, shaped by human behavior and experience. Embrace its fluidity and complexity to appreciate its rich history and depth.

      Language is a living, evolving entity shaped by human behavior and experience. The word "bonus," for instance, has a complex history and meaning, with connotations varying greatly depending on cultural context and personal experiences. Originating from the Latin word for "good," the term has taken on different meanings and associations over time. Some people may associate it with positivity and unexpected gifts, while others may have negative associations due to personal experiences or cultural norms. The elasticity of language is rooted in its ability to adapt and change, reflecting the nuances and complexities of human behavior. Language prescriptivism, or the belief that language should be rigidly adhered to, is unsustainable as language is inherently flexible and subject to constant evolution. English, in particular, is a "mutt of a language" with influences from Latin, Greek, and various invasions throughout history. Its rapid evolution is driven by necessity and the inventiveness of its speakers. Understanding the origins and evolution of words can provide insight into human behavior and the cultural contexts that shape language. By embracing the fluidity of language and recognizing the rich history behind words, we can appreciate the depth and complexity of the English language.

    • English language's unique evolution through historyEnglish language's vast vocabulary comes from historical invasions, cultural exchanges, and the absence of strict language control, allowing it to be a tool for understanding different cultures and fostering empathy

      English language has evolved in a unique way due to historical invasions, cultural exchanges, and the absence of strict language control. Unlike languages like French, English has borrowed extensively from various sources, leading to its vast and diverse vocabulary. Latin and Greek are two major influences, with Latin borrowing extensively from Greek due to cultural crossover and Roman power. The etymology of words can be surprising and often evocative, such as the word "mediocre," which originally meant halfway up a jagged hill. Etymologists like Helen, who are constantly traveling, rely on digital sources like Entom and Dictionary.com to uncover the history of words. English language's rich and diverse history allows it to be a tool for understanding different cultures and perspectives, potentially fostering empathy and connection between people. Despite the challenges in tracing the origins of slang and some words, the journey of discovering their etymologies can be fascinating and rewarding. English language's evolution reflects the complexities and richness of human history and culture.

    • Exploring Language's Multiple PurposesConsider other perspectives, question gendered language, and embrace shifts for a more compassionate, inclusive society

      Language, particularly in the context of entertainment and communication, serves multiple purposes. While it can be used to entertain and distract, it also offers opportunities for empathy and understanding. The speaker emphasizes the importance of considering other people's perspectives and the potential meanings behind their words. They also discuss the concept of compassion, which comes from the Latin roots for "calm" and "suffering together." Additionally, the speaker touches on their work exploring gender and language, specifically the use of gender pronouns and titles. They question the necessity of gendered language and suggest defaulting to gender neutrality as a way to reduce confusion and promote inclusivity. However, they acknowledge the resistance to such changes due to fear of the unknown and a desire for neat categorization. The speaker also shares some historical context about the evolution of pronoun usage, noting that people have adapted to changes over time. They encourage embracing these shifts and the potential benefits they bring, such as a more compassionate and inclusive society.

    • The Power of Language for Manipulation and PersuasionUnderstanding the impact of language on people's reactions and decisions can be valuable for effective communication and persuasion in various contexts, from politics to business and beyond.

      Language and its usage can be a powerful tool for manipulation, whether intentionally or unintentionally. People's reactions to certain words or phrases can be influenced by various factors, including politics and personal experiences. For instance, the use of the pronoun "they" can lead to misunderstandings or even resentment. The origin of phrases like "red herring" can have interesting histories. Language can also be used to persuade, and sometimes it's easier for people to double down on a decision rather than admit they were wrong. In the business world, understanding the power of language can be crucial for effective communication and persuasion. Additionally, charities like Popstheclub.com are using language and creative expression to support and empower teens with family members in prison or jail. Overall, language is a complex and dynamic tool that shapes our interactions and understanding of the world around us.

    • Exploring the Fascinating Histories of Words and PhrasesDiscovering the origins of 'qu' and 'cute' and the versatility of the 'f-word', as well as the importance of using specific terms instead of 'community' and understanding language history for accurate meaning.

      Language is rich and complex, with words and phrases having fascinating histories and nuanced meanings. Erica Smith's question about researching word etymology led to a discussion about the origins of "qu" and "cute," revealing the French roots of these English words. Bob White explained that "qu" comes from the idea of standing in line with people, while "cute" originally meant "tail" in French. Katie Cobb shared her fascination with the versatility of the "f-word," which can function as a noun, verb, affectionate term, and sexual insult. The group also explored the etymology of swearing, noting that some words were less rude in the past than they are now. Danielle Rivera asked about pet peeves related to language, and the group discussed the overuse of the word "community" to describe large groups of people. They suggested using more specific terms like "scientists" or "black people" instead of "science community" or "black community." The conversation also touched on the misconceptions people have about what language experts study and the misconception that Erica and Katie have a podcast. Overall, the discussion underscored the importance of understanding the history and context of words and phrases to appreciate their true meaning and significance.

    • Exploring the origins and evolution of languageUnderstand language's history while embracing its ever-changing nature. Not all stories about word origins are true, and starting essays with quotes can feel clichéd.

      Language is complex and constantly evolving. During a discussion, various topics ranging from etymology and entomology to the origins of words and linguistic prescriptivism were explored. The speakers acknowledged that words and their origins can be fascinating, but not everyone may remember every detail. For instance, the word "coccyx" comes from the Greek word "cuckoo," due to its resemblance to a cuckoo's beak. Regarding linguistic prescriptivism, it was noted that all words are made up, and language evolves. Trying to hold onto outdated rules can make one feel left behind. The origins of words can be traced back to various sources, but not all stories are true. For example, the idea that taking out an ad in a paper used to be charged by the number of neighbors' letters it affected is a popular myth. Another topic discussed was the use of quotes from dictionaries or classic literature as essay openings. It was suggested that starting with such quotes can feel tired and clichéd, and it's more effective to open with something more relevant to the topic at hand. Overall, the conversation emphasized the importance of understanding the origins and evolution of language while also recognizing that not all stories are based on fact. It's essential to appreciate the richness of language while being open to its ever-changing nature.

    • The Evolution of Language and CommunicationFrom the origins of language to modern emojis, language and communication continue to evolve, challenging our understanding and influencing our experiences. Be open-minded and curious to learn and adapt to new forms of expression.

      Language and communication continue to evolve and challenge our understanding, from the origins of language to the use of emojis and GIFs. Ray Casher's question about the origin of language led to a discussion about how some languages, like Basque and Finnish, don't fit neatly into the theory of three origin languages. The group also explored the concept of romance languages and how English, despite not being a romance language in the strictest sense, still carries influences from Latin. Carrie Stuttard brought up the topic of synonyms and the most hated word, "moist," and how people's reactions to certain words can be influenced by their personal experiences and prejudices. Christopher raised the issue of emojis and their influence on communication, expressing his confusion and discomfort with not being able to fully understand their meaning and intent. The conversation also touched on the study of pictures representing thoughts, known as curiology, and the use of GIFs as a form of communication. The group acknowledged the inventiveness of using GIFs but also expressed concerns about the control of visual expressions by Unicode and the potential for misinterpretation. Overall, the discussion highlighted the complexity and nuance of language and communication, and the ongoing evolution of how we express ourselves. It also underscored the importance of being open-minded and curious, and being willing to learn and adapt to new forms of expression.

    • Language's role in shaping communication and perceptionLanguage evolves through time, reflecting cultural influences and technological advancements, and shapes our identities and communication.

      Language and its evolution, whether it's through mutations in names or the adoption of international languages like Latin, plays a significant role in shaping our communication and perception. The discussion also touched upon the importance of adapting to new technologies, like emojis, and the impact of cultural experiences on our identities. For instance, the pronunciation of names can change over generations, reflecting the influence of various cultures and immigrants. Similarly, Latin, as an international language, has persisted in scientific contexts due to its historical significance and association with intelligence and study. Moreover, the conversation highlighted the role of experiences, like traveling or illnesses, in shaping our perspectives and creating meaningful stories. In the end, it's essential to appreciate the nuances and complexities of language and embrace the constant evolution it undergoes.

    • The joys and challenges of producing a podcast on word originsHelen finds joy in learning, meeting people, and debunking misconceptions through her podcast on word origins. Despite technical challenges and disorganization, she values the intellectual stimulation and connection to listeners.

      Creating content, like a podcast, can be a lonely and challenging experience, especially when dealing with the technological aspects. Helen Zaltzman, the host of Word Origins, shared her experiences of producing episodes late at night when things go wrong and her struggle with forward planning. She finds joy in learning new things, meeting people through her work, and disproving rigid ideas about words' origins. Despite her disorganization, she values the privilege of having a job that stimulates her intellect and brings her closer to her listeners' thoughts. Her favorite aspect of word origins is debunking misconceptions and transforming society through light entertainment. Overall, Helen's passion for etymology and her dedication to sharing her knowledge with others make her an engaging and beloved figure in the world of podcasting.

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    Mustard gossip. Knotweed recipes. Cow parsnips. Serviceberry appreciation. Hogweed warnings. Dead man’s fingers. The incredibly knowledgeable and entertaining Alexis Nikole Nelson a.k.a. @BlackForager walks us through Foraging Ecology with a ginormous bushel of tips & tricks for finding edibles at all times of the year, from blossoms to fungus. Belly up for this encore detailing invasive snacks, elusive mushrooms, magnolia cookies, mugwort potatoes, violet cocktails, foraging guides, weed trivia and tips to avoid poisonous berries. Also: finding community, history, land stewardship and why foraging is important, empowering and quite tasty.

    Follow Alexis @BlackForager on Instagram, TikTok, X, and Youtube

    A donation went to Backyard Basecamp

    More episode sources and links

    Smologies (short, classroom-safe) episodes

    Other episodes you may enjoy: Indigenous Fire Ecology (GOOD FIRE), Indigenous Cuisinology (NATIVE FOODS), Indigenous Pedology (SOIL SCIENCE), Ethnoecology (ETHNOBOTANY/NATIVE PLANTS), Bryology (MOSS), Mycology (MUSHROOMS), Cucurbitology (PUMPKINS), Carobology (NOT-CHOCOLATE TREES), Pomology (APPLES), Black American Magirology (FOOD, RACE & CULTURE)

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    Editing by Mercedes Maitland of Maitland Audio Productions, Jacob Chaffee, and Jarrett Sleeper of MindJam Media

    Managing Director: Susan Hale

    Scheduling producer: Noel Dilworth

    Transcripts by Aveline Malek 

    Website by Kelly R. Dwyer

    Theme song by Nick Thorburn

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    Vocal fry. Code switching. Black Twitter. Valley girls. Culture vultures. WE'RE TALKING ABOUT TALKING. Alie battles traffic to sit down with linguistics professor Dr. Nicole Holliday about intonational phonology: how tones and pitch help us bond with others and construct identities. Inspired in part by former President Barack Obama's masterful linguistic variability, Dr. Holliday's work focuses on how language is used in the crossing and construction of racial/ethnic boundaries. She graciously fielded tons of questions for a fascinating dive into the nuances and strict grammatical rules of African American Language, cultural appropriation, our educational system, honoring your identity, what not to wear in Paris and the roiling debate over who is the best rapper. Also: Alie is maybe a lizard person.

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    Sound editing by Steven Ray Morris

    Theme song by Nick Thorburn

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    Sound editing by Steven Ray Morris

    Theme song by Nick Thorburn

    Bonus Minisode: Kalology -- Your Letters

    Bonus Minisode: Kalology -- Your Letters

    As a companion to Kalology (BEAUTY STANDARDS) Alie reads your thoughts about appearance and beauty culture in this, a bonus minisode. You wrote in about how make-up is a creative outlet, how beauty standards can be an oppressive time suck, about hairy pits and culture clashes, money burdens, appearances in different professions, trans and non-binary perspectives, and what you wish the next generation did differently. Y'all made Ol' Ward tear up more than once, and it's an honor to share your stories.

    Dr. Renee Engeln's work

    "Beauty Sick," the book

    Dr. Crystal Dilworth's TEDx Talk

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    Sound editing by Steven Ray Morris

    Theme song by Nick Thorburn

    Island Ecology (ISLANDS) with Andy Kraemer

    Island Ecology (ISLANDS) with Andy Kraemer

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    Follow Dr. Andy Kraemer at www.twitter.com/andykraemer

    Donations went to: islandconservation.org and ecologyproject.org

    Sponsor links: Podcast "YOU" by Okta, TakeCareOf.com (code OLOGIES), Trueandco.com/ologies (code: OLOGIES), Progressive.com

    More links at alieward.com/ologies/islandecology

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    Sound editing by Jarrett Sleeper of MindJam Media & Steven Ray Morris

    Theme song by Nick Thorburn

    Support the show: http://Patreon.com/ologies