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    • Building a Values-Based Company for Human FlourishingPrioritize building a company aligned with your values to avoid becoming trapped in a company you hate. Failing with a startup is not as bad as being part of an undead company that goes against your principles.

      Eric Ries emphasizes the importance of building a company that aligns with your values and promotes human flourishing. He warns against the misconception that success solely lies in financial wealth and highlights the potential mental health crisis among founders who are trapped in companies they hate. Ries believes that failing with a startup is not the worst outcome, as being part of an undead company that goes against your principles is far worse. He encourages founders to take this seriously from the beginning and prioritize building a company they believe in. Additionally, Ries continues to explore and address issues such as governance and the impact of AI on product development.

    • Eric Ries's impact on startup culture and language through transparent and first principles thinking.Eric Ries's transparent and first principles thinking approach, influenced by his love for science, contributed to his entrepreneurial success and transformed startup culture.

      Eric Ries's first principles thinking and transparent approach had a significant impact on startup culture and language. Despite initial concerns about career prospects, Ries started a blog anonymously and shared his ideas, which were so unique at the time that other top bloggers noticed and reached out to him. He had a reputation for making engineering teams highly productive and was often invited to work with companies, even though he attributed the success to his framework rather than his personal abilities. Ries's writing and speaking engagements gained momentum when he revealed his identity, transforming his life. The first principles thinking approach, influenced by his upbringing and love for science, contributed to his entrepreneurial success and fueled his curiosity about why things work.

    • Challenging Conventional Wisdom: The Importance of First Principles Thinking in EntrepreneurshipFirst principles thinking empowers entrepreneurs to question conventional wisdom, understand underlying logic, and embrace trial and error for a deeper understanding of their goals and success.

      Eric Ries emphasizes the importance of first principles thinking in entrepreneurship. He challenges the idea that success can be achieved by blindly following the actions of successful individuals like Steve Jobs, highlighting that understanding the underlying logic and context is crucial. Ries describes how much of his work is descriptive rather than prescriptive, simply giving a name and concept to things that already happen in startups. The concept of a pivot, for example, is not about telling entrepreneurs what to do, but rather describing a common occurrence when changing strategies while maintaining fidelity to the vision. Ries also emphasizes the iterative nature of his ideas and the importance of trial and error. Ultimately, first principles thinking allows entrepreneurs to question conventional wisdom and strive for a deeper understanding of their own goals and success.

    • The Evolution and Impact of the Lean Startup MethodThe success of the Lean Startup movement lies in its tangible impact on entrepreneurs and their journeys, rather than in defeating other methodologies or seeking validation through popularity.

      The Lean Startup method has evolved from a controversial insurgent revival to the default approach that people now take in entrepreneurship. Initially met with skepticism and dismissal, the Lean Startup movement faced criticism from those who didn't fully understand its principles and even deemed it overhyped. However, as time passed, the effectiveness of this methodology became evident, leading to its widespread acceptance and adoption. The victory of the Lean Startup movement lies not in defeating other methodologies or creating conflicts within the entrepreneurship community, but rather in the tangible impact it has had on individuals who found value in its concepts. Rather than seeking validation through popularity, the true measure of success is the positive impact the Lean Startup approach has on entrepreneurs' journeys.

    • Embracing Continuous Learning and Improvement in the Lean Startup ApproachSuccess in the Lean Startup methodology lies in embracing a mindset of continuous learning, improvement, and adopting effective strategies, all with the aim of creating products and ideas that bring value and benefit others.

      Success in the Lean Startup methodology is not about rigidly adhering to a specific set of practices, but rather about embracing a mindset of continuous learning and improvement. Eric Ries emphasizes that what works is what matters, regardless of whether it aligns with established practices or introduces new ideas. This approach requires humility and the willingness to adopt new strategies and techniques as they prove effective. Additionally, Ries highlights the importance of the impact our creations have on the world. We should take responsibility for the outcomes and ensure that our products and ideas bring value and help people. This reminder urges us to consider the net positive effect of our actions and strive for continuous improvement for the benefit of others.

    • Navigating uncertainties through testing and experimentation while maintaining a clear vision.Lean Startup is about balancing experimentation and vision, debunking misconceptions, and encouraging critical analysis for entrepreneurial progress. Improvement is important, but the essence of the message should not be lost.

      Testing and experimentation are essential in navigating the uncertainties of the world. Eric Ries emphasizes the importance of understanding what happens when people use an idea and continuously improving it based on feedback. However, there are recurring misconceptions about Lean Startup, such as assuming it means avoiding raising money or lacking a clear vision. Ries clarifies these misconceptions and highlights the need for a balance between experimentation and having a vision. Despite addressing these misunderstandings in his book, they continue to persist, which can hinder progress in the entrepreneurial field. Ries urges individuals to critically analyze and advance the discourse rather than simply being reflexively contrarian. Additionally, while Ries acknowledges the potential for improvement in his book, he advises against destroying the essence of its message in subsequent editions.

    • Setting realistic expectations and aligning values with making a positive impact are crucial in entrepreneurship. Understanding customer demands and continuously improving based on feedback is vital for success.To succeed as an entrepreneur, set realistic expectations, prioritize making a positive impact, and focus on understanding and meeting customer needs through continuous improvement.

      Entrepreneurship is not as easy as it may seem. Setting unrealistic expectations can lead to disappointment for entrepreneurs. Additionally, it is important to consider the impact of the products or services being developed and whether they bring meaningful improvement to the world. The tech industry often focuses on changing the world but may neglect to ask if it is for the better. The values and goals of a company should be aligned with making a positive difference. The concept of an MVP (Minimum Viable Product) is often misunderstood as simply shipping a basic version and iterating. Instead, an MVP is about efficiently testing hypotheses and understanding customer demands. User expectations may be high in certain markets, but even in high-stakes industries, the cost of offering a disliked product is relatively low. It is crucial to listen to customer feedback and make improvements based on their needs rather than launching a product without important features.

    • Embrace Feedback and Involve Customers: Keys to Successful Product DevelopmentBy involving customers in the product development process, entrepreneurs can create a sense of ownership and ensure that the product meets their expectations. Feedback and iteration based on customer input are crucial for success.

      Entrepreneurs should embrace feedback and involve customers in the product development process. Eric Ries shares his experience of initially resisting feedback but eventually realizing its value. By listening to customers and incorporating their suggestions, entrepreneurs can create a sense of ownership in customers and ensure that the product meets their expectations. Ries also highlights the importance of an MVP (minimum viable product), emphasizing that it doesn't need to have all the features of the final product. The focus should be on testing the critical feature at a high level of quality and then iterating based on customer feedback. Waiting too long to ship a product with high quality may result in nobody using it, leading to confusion about the value proposition. Therefore, involving customers and adapting the product based on their feedback is crucial for success.

    • The Importance of Experimentation and Openness to FeedbackBuilding a high-quality product doesn't guarantee success if it lacks the right value proposition. Conducting experiments and being open to feedback can lead to unexpected positive outcomes.

      Building a high-quality product with the wrong value proposition is not something to be proud of. Eric Ries shares a personal experience where his company created a beautiful product but had a critical JavaScript error that prevented signups. Instead of immediately assuming they had the wrong value proposition, they decided to conduct a series of experiments. They released a version of the product with half its features, even though it was not perfect. Surprisingly, customers found value in this "crappy small thing" and considered it more advanced than competing products. This highlights the importance of experimentation and being open to feedback, even if the initial results seem imperfect.

    • Understanding the Concept of Minimum Viable Product (MVP)Embrace the idea of MVP to determine the minimum requirements for testing and validating assumptions, challenging beliefs, and learning from others' mistakes.

      The idea of minimum viable product (MVP) is not about creating something of low quality or simplicity, but about determining the minimum bar for your market and product. It's about figuring out what is necessary to test your hypothesis and validate your assumptions. This concept applies to various industries and projects, from technology to manufacturing. It's about challenging your beliefs and finding creative ways to test them, even if it means using brochures instead of physical equipment or conducting customer interviews instead of spending years and millions of dollars on research. Many insights may seem obvious in retrospect, but it's important to humble ourselves and learn from the mistakes of others rather than assuming we won't make similar errors.

    • The importance of being uncomfortably small when building an MVP.Startups should focus on essential elements, test assumptions, gather feedback, and embrace uncertainty to increase their chances of success.

      When it comes to building a minimum viable product (MVP), it's important to be uncomfortably small. Many founders have a natural tendency to include way more features than necessary, leading to wasted time and effort. Instead, the advice is to write out the list of features needed for the MVP, then cut it in half and cut it in half again. This approach ensures that the focus is on the essential elements that can effectively test assumptions and gather valuable feedback. Additionally, it's crucial for entrepreneurs to be willing to admit that they don't have all the answers and embrace the uncertainty that comes with startups. By being open to learning and adjusting along the way, startups can increase their chances of success.

    • Embracing failure as a catalyst for successFailure can serve as a stepping stone towards growth and success by providing valuable lessons and insights that accelerate future endeavors.

      Failure can sometimes be the best thing that ever happens to us in our entrepreneurial journey. Eric Ries shares his experience of investing almost two years into a partnership agreement that ultimately fell apart. All the effort, time, and resources put into it turned out to be a waste. However, from that failure, they were able to pivot and find the path that led to success. The key lesson here is that failure can provide valuable lessons and insights that accelerate future endeavors. Going through such a devastating setback pushed the team to work faster and be more aware of the importance of learning and adapting. Failure can be psychologically damaging, but acknowledging it and learning from it is essential for growth and future success.

    • Embracing failure and prioritizing simplicity for successful innovationAdmitting failure and prioritizing simplicity are key to successful innovation. Craft, feedback, and continuous learning are essential components for achieving this balance.

      In order to learn and grow, it is crucial to embrace the possibility of failure. Eric Ries emphasizes that if we cannot admit when something doesn't work, we hinder our ability to learn and improve. This is the essence of the Minimum Viable Product (MVP) concept, which aims to identify potential problems as early as possible, allowing us to take action before it's too late. While investing in the craft and design of a product is important, Ries suggests prioritizing simplicity and doing one thing extraordinarily well rather than multiple things half-heartedly. Craft should not be an excuse to avoid feedback but should instead focus on perfection that aligns with the customer's needs. Ultimately, successful innovation requires a balance of craft, feedback, and constant learning.

    • The importance of staying true to your values when building a company or creating a product.Prioritizing your own values and beliefs is crucial in building a successful company or product. Stay true to your vision, experiment, and be willing to stand up for what you believe in, even if it means taking risks or getting fired.

      It is crucial for founders and product leaders to prioritize their own values and beliefs when building a company or creating a product. Eric Ries emphasizes the importance of staying true to one's vision and not compromising on core values, even if it means going out of business. He encourages experimentation and testing in order to strengthen the craft and design of a product, making it a true reflection of what customers can expect. Ries also advises individuals to be willing to get fired for standing up for what they believe is right, as it can serve as a career accelerator and attract like-minded individuals. Ultimately, it is better to try and fail while pursuing one's passion than to be stuck in a company one despises.

    • Aligning Your Work with Your Personal BeliefsBuilding a company that goes against your values can have detrimental consequences on your well-being and mental health. It is important for founders to reflect and align their work with their personal beliefs from the beginning.

      Building a company you hate and that becomes a negative force in the world is far worse than having your startup fail. Eric Ries emphasizes that the consequences of building a company that goes against your values can be detrimental to your well-being and mental health. The story of a founder who committed suicide after selling their abhorrent company for millions highlights the importance of aligning your work with your personal beliefs. Ries urges founders to take this seriously from the beginning and not get stuck in a zombie company that is unlikely to succeed. It is crucial for founders to reflect and ask themselves if they genuinely want to be a part of their current venture and if not, it is okay to move on and explore new opportunities.

    • Adaptability and Self-awareness: Keys to Entrepreneurial SuccessSuccessful entrepreneurs are willing to acknowledge when their current strategy isn't working and make necessary changes, including pivoting or stepping aside. By accepting reality and embracing self-discovery, founders can build a clearer vision for their company.

      Successful entrepreneurs and founders must be willing to admit when their current strategy is not working and be open to making necessary changes. This could involve pivoting to a different product or even stepping aside and letting a different CEO take over. The key is to accept the facts as they are and not to deceive oneself or others about the situation. Many startups have faced challenges and had to pivot in order to find success. It is important to recognize that the founder's vision can evolve and change throughout the process of building a company. Building a startup involves self-discovery and making trade-offs, ultimately leading to a clearer understanding of what truly matters.

    • The fallibility of human memory and the importance of objective evidence in shaping our perceptions and beliefs.Our memories and perceptions can be flawed, highlighting the need for scientific methods and structures to overcome cognitive biases and the importance of verifying information before accepting it as truth.

      Our memories and perceptions can be flawed, even when it comes to our own experiences and beliefs. Eric Ries shares a story about finding an old whiteboard with notes from a critical meeting in his company's early days. He realizes that his recollection of the meeting and his original ideas were different from what was actually written on the whiteboard. This highlights the fallibility of human memory and the importance of objective evidence. It also emphasizes the need for scientific methods and structures to overcome cognitive biases. Just as we must acknowledge and address our own limitations, we should also be cautious of the stories we hear, recognizing that they may not always be accurate or true.

    • Leveraging LinkedIn Ads for Effective B2B MarketingLinkedIn ads provide access to decision makers, offer targeted advertising and measurement tools, and deliver higher return on ad spend compared to other social media platforms, making it an ideal platform for B2B marketing.

      LinkedIn ads can be a valuable tool for B2B marketers. With direct access to a vast network of decision makers and senior executives, LinkedIn allows for building relationships and driving results with its targeted advertising and measurement tools. Compared to other social media platforms, LinkedIn has shown 2x to 5x higher return on ad spend in the tech industry. Additionally, audiences on LinkedIn have twice the buying power of the average web audience, making it an attractive platform for B2B marketing. Furthermore, LinkedIn works as a partner that respects the B2B world, offering credit for future campaigns. Overall, leveraging LinkedIn ads can significantly enhance B2B marketing efforts and yield positive outcomes.

    • Adapt and Pivot: The Journey of Successful Founders.Trust your instincts and have the courage to adapt and pivot when necessary. Stay focused on what matters and take decisive action to make progress towards your vision.

      Successful founders are not always working on their initial idea or facing immediate success. Mark Zuckerberg and his team at Facebook had already moved on from their initial project, believing it wasn't successful enough. They were even working on side projects such as programming systems for gestural controls. However, they had the vision and the courage to adapt and pivot when necessary. The key lesson here is that being a visionary doesn't mean having all the answers or always getting it right the first time. It's about having the courage to see the world as it should be and being willing to dance with that vision, even if it leads to unexpected paths. For founders considering a pivot, the advice is to trust your gut. If you're questioning whether to pivot, you likely already know the answer. Give yourself a fixed period of time to take decisive action and see if it feels better. Focus all your energy on the one thing that matters right now and see if you can make progress.

    • Finding a New Paradigm for Stuck StartupsWhen startups face diminishing returns, it's important to explore new directions with productive experiments, focusing on what truly matters and avoiding wasting time on ineffective strategies.

      When startups are stuck in a cycle of diminishing returns and nothing seems to work, it's crucial to find a new paradigm with productive experiments. Just like in Thomas Kuhn's theory of scientific paradigms, the shift from old to new happens when the old paradigm reaches a point where no fruitful experiments can be conducted. Therefore, it's essential to identify a new direction where every experiment reveals something amazing. Startups should give themselves a fixed amount of time to explore this new path, whether it's six weeks or even just a weekend. By collectively agreeing on the new direction and taking decisive action, teams can avoid wasting time on ineffective strategies and instead focus on something they truly care about.

    • Addressing Governance and Alignment Challenges in the Age of AIAI is a tool that requires human deployment and reflects the values and practices of organizations. Neglecting to align values within organizations can lead to disappointment and betrayal. Effective human guidance is crucial in managing AI's intelligence and coordinating tasks.

      AI is transforming the way organizations function, forcing us to address issues of governance and alignment. While many people fear AI, their concerns are often directed towards corporations that utilize AI technology. However, AI itself is simply a tool that requires human deployment. The values and organizational practices embodied by humans are transmitted to the AI systems, shaping their behavior. Unfortunately, many companies have neglected to invest in creating explicit governance structures for aligning values within their organizations. This neglect has led to disappointments and feelings of betrayal among employees. As AI becomes more prevalent, it will compel us to address these issues and prioritize the incorporation of organizational values into AI systems. Additionally, AI can pose challenges in managing intelligence and coordinating tasks, often resulting in infinite loops or miscommunication, highlighting the need for effective human guidance.

    • AI's Potential to Revolutionize ManagementEmbracing AI in management can simplify and streamline the flow of information, empowering leaders to make ethical decisions and actively contribute to positive change.

      AI has the potential to revolutionize management by significantly changing the span of control for individuals. The expansion factor of each employee's reports creates a need for hierarchical structures to summarize and understand a large amount of information. However, AI's strength in summarization can simplify this process, allowing leaders to easily comprehend everything happening in their company without relying on numerous middle managers. While debates continue on whether AI will lead to a utopia or dystopia, it is important to focus on taking ethical action in the face of uncertainty. This means making choices today that align with ethical values across a wide range of future scenarios. Transparency, state capacity, competent leadership, and commitment to certain values are crucial aspects to consider when thinking about the impact of AI on ourselves and our organizations. Ultimately, the goal is to move from being passive bystanders to actively participating in meaningful actions that have a positive impact.

    • The Power and Potential of AI-Powered MarketplacesAI-powered marketplaces can revolutionize the buyer-seller connection by leveraging AI-generated experimentation, efficient communication channels, and personalized email clients, leading to a more effective, efficient, and fair advertising system.

      AI-powered marketplaces have the potential to create a more fair and efficient system for connecting buyers and sellers. The story of using GPT-4 for cold sales outbound demonstrates the power of AI-generated experimentation on a large scale, with successful pitches that were creative and tailored to the recipients. As AI technologies advance, our communication channels are likely to become saturated with AI-generated emails. However, this could lead to the need for AI-generated email clients that summarize and filter the overwhelming amount of information. In this envisioned future, individuals could define their procurement policies, and AI agents would read their inboxes to identify credible and relevant proposals, bringing essential information to their attention without being tricked by misleading marketing tactics. This AI-powered marketplace system could be more effective, efficient, and fair than traditional advertising methods.

    • Ethical Responsibility in the Age of Advancing TechnologyOrganizations must understand the power they have in shaping the world and take moral responsibility for their actions to gain trust, ensure positive impact, and minimize risks.

      As technology advances and companies work on groundbreaking innovations, there is a pressing need for ethical considerations and responsibility. Founders and organizations must understand the immense power they hold in shaping the world and take moral responsibility for their actions. The rhetoric of changing the world and making it a better place should be met with concrete actions and accountability. Trustworthiness is not solely reliant on individuals but should be ingrained in the structure of the organization itself. Organizations are living entities with their own soul, and founders should nurture and embody the promises they make. By doing so, they can win the public's trust and ensure that their innovations have positive impacts while minimizing potential risks and downsides.

    • Prioritizing Human Flourishing for Positive ImpactCompanies should prioritize human well-being over profit, embedding promises of human flourishing into their governance, to create net new value and make a positive difference in the world.

      Companies should prioritize human flourishing over profit maximization. The current understanding of for-profit companies is flawed, as it equates making money with creating value. However, there are exploitative and extractive ways of making money that do not contribute to human well-being. To create net new value and avoid becoming a bureaucratic or rent-seeking entity, companies need to deeply embed promises of human flourishing into their governance. This goes beyond the superficial measures of ESG scores, as exemplified by Philip Morris having high ESG scores despite its negative impact on society. By embracing a fiduciary duty to promote human flourishing, companies can fundamentally transform their culture and make a positive difference in the world.

    • Prioritizing Technology for a Better SocietyPrioritizing love, caring for customers, and doing the right thing can create a competitive advantage and reshape industries for the better.

      We need to prioritize the right use of technology and prevent it from falling into the wrong hands. Whether it's a super villain or a private equity firm, we should not allow our technology to be used in ways that harm society. We must actively work towards creating environments where people can work on something awesome, ensuring that our technology serves the greater good. This requires building companies that focus on human flourishing and wield it as a competitive advantage. By prioritizing love and treating customers with care and respect, companies can generate unparalleled loyalty and retention. Doing the right thing can even become a powerful competitive advantage that propels companies forward. As a result, a new wave of founders who embrace these principles will thrive and reshape industries for the better.

    • Taking Early Steps for Company Protection and SuccessConsult with a lawyer early on to establish foundations, ensure mission alignment, and discuss hypothetical situations for proper protection in order to avoid difficulties and overlooks in the future.

      When it comes to taking steps to protect your company and its stakeholders, it's always too early until it's too late. Many founders and CEOs often delay implementing important measures, such as establishing foundations or ensuring mission alignment within their board, thinking they can do it later. However, as the company grows and approaches milestones like IPOs, it becomes increasingly difficult to implement these measures, and they often get overlooked or dismissed. The key is to consult with a lawyer early on and discuss hypothetical situations to ensure you have proper protection in place. Don't wait until it's too late to address important considerations for your company's long-term success and impact.

    • Fiduciary duty and aligning valuesFounders must prioritize their company's values and consult with lawyers to protect its soul, even if it means making choices that may not initially please investors. Building a value-aligned decision-making structure is an ongoing process.

      Founders need to be aware of their fiduciary duty and take proactive steps to align their company's values with their decision-making processes. The example given by Eric Ries highlights the potential conflict between maximizing investor returns and doing the right thing. It is crucial for founders to consult with their lawyers and explore options such as preferred shares to protect their company's soul in dire situations. Although implementing these measures may not be initially favored by investors, founders must prioritize what they believe is ethically right. Building a structure that promotes decision-making aligned with the company's values is a relentless and ongoing process. Founders should seek inspiration from companies that have successfully implemented such strategies, recognizing that it is not an impossible task.

    • The Power of Quiet Impact in Challenging Industry NormsThe loudest voices don't always have the right answers, and companies making a positive impact often go unnoticed. Unconventional corporate governance and prioritizing long-term thinking can yield incredible results. Shareholders should consider the impact of their demands on a company's potential for success.

      The loudest voices in our industry are not always the ones doing the right thing. The companies quietly making a positive impact often go unnoticed because they don't need to brag about it. It's unfortunate that the controversy and meanness in our industry are often inversely proportionate to accuracy. A surprising revelation is that the standard corporate governance practices that we assume are well-established and backed by research actually have exceptions. Companies like Toyota, with their unconventional corporate governance system, prove that long-term thinking can yield incredible results, even if quarterly returns are not the focus. Many successful family-run and foundation-controlled companies also challenge conventional norms. These examples show that the investor-centric view of corporations, prioritizing shareholder primacy, is flawed, even from a purely profit-maximization perspective. Shareholders need to realize that their demands can hinder a company's potential for success.

    • Foundation controlled companies and the concept of a "spiritual holding company" challenge traditional notions of for-profit companies.By putting a critical stakeholder or mission at the center of everything, companies can attract top talent, solve business problems, and thrive, leading to positive change in the long run.

      In short, one big takeaway from Eric Ries' insights is that foundation controlled companies tend to outperform non-foundation controlled companies in terms of financial performance. This challenges the traditional notion of what it means to be a for-profit company. Ries discovered that these foundation controlled companies, such as Hershey, which is run by a foundation that supports a school, have a different approach that leads to their success. This led him to conceive the idea of a "spiritual holding company" that puts a critical stakeholder or mission at the center of everything a company does. Many founders have emotionally responded to this concept, realizing that they've always desired to build a company focused on a specific purpose, but felt it wasn't possible. By implementing this approach, companies can attract top talent, solve seemingly unsolvable business problems, and ultimately thrive. It may take time for more success stories and precedents to emerge, but the potential for positive change is significant.

    • Autonomy and Continuous Learning: Applying Principles for SuccessTake initiative and think independently to implement principles and drive success. Evaluate ideas critically and learn from past mistakes for continuous improvement. Embrace autonomy and never stop learning.

      Eric Ries emphasizes the importance of thinking for yourself and applying principles in your own life. He encourages individuals to not wait for a competitive advantage, but rather take action and try new approaches. Ries highlights the success of early Lean Startup adopters who thought independently and implemented the principles in their own businesses. He urges people to critically evaluate ideas and only accept them if they make sense and can't be counter-argued effectively. Ries also suggests learning from past mistakes by reading books like "The Enlightened Capitalists" and recommends uplifting reads like "The Dandelion Dynasty" and "The Murderbot Diaries" for a change of pace. Ultimately, he stresses the importance of autonomy and continuous learning.

    • Attention to Detail and Craftsmanship: The Secrets to Creating Remarkable Products.Small details, thoughtful design choices, and the ability to meet specific needs are essential in creating remarkable products, highlighting the importance of attention to detail and craftsmanship.

      Attention to detail and craftsmanship can make even the simplest product stand out. Eric Ries emphasizes this point with his praise for the Levoit 300S ultrasonic humidifier, a seemingly ordinary appliance that is exceptionally well-made. He highlights how the makers of this humidifier paid close attention to small details like avoiding annoying lights or noises, making it a product that truly understands its purpose. This example demonstrates the importance of applying the "jobs to be done" framework in product development, as it ensures that the final product meets the specific needs and desires of its users. It also showcases the value of having a chief engineer or a single person with complete control over a product's design and decision-making, allowing for consistent and coherent design choices. Ultimately, this story reminds us that quality, thoughtfulness, and the ability to make effective trade-off decisions can create a remarkable product, even in the most humble categories.

    • Simplifying Complex Ideas for Effective CommunicationSimplicity and clarity are essential in effectively conveying complex ideas and ensuring successful communication and adoption.

      Eric Ries emphasizes the importance of keeping ideas and concepts simple and easily understandable. He acknowledges that many of his terms and metaphors did not catch on or resonate with people as much as he had hoped. He highlights the need for clear and straightforward language in order to effectively communicate complex ideas. Ries mentions his attempts to use cell biology as a metaphor for startups, but struggled to have others understand his concepts. Additionally, he discusses the concept of engagement loops, which he believed should have been as widely recognized as viral loops in understanding how products grow and retain users. This underscores the significance of simplicity and clarity in conveying ideas for successful communication and adoption.

    • Emphasizing engagement over viral loops and the power of collective knowledge in the startup community.Eric Ries stresses the importance of engagement and learning from others' experiences in the startup world, encouraging action and the sharing of outcomes for positive change.

      Eric Ries emphasizes the importance of engagement over viral loops. He expresses his surprise at the lack of interest in the science of engagement compared to the attention given to viral loops. He encourages people to take his ideas and put them into action, even if they initially doubt their effectiveness. Eric's primary focus is on understanding the truth and learning from the experiences of others. He urges listeners to share their outcomes, whether positive or negative, as he believes that collective knowledge is crucial in the startup movement. Furthermore, he highlights the power and responsibility that the startup community has to create positive change and emphasizes the importance of shared values.

    • Taking Charge of the SystemAs entrepreneurs, we can shape the current system to align with our values and prioritize trust and well-being. It's crucial to stand up for our shared values and make a positive impact.

      The current system of creating and destroying companies is leading to a decline in the number of public companies in America. However, as entrepreneurs and creators, we have the power to shape the terms and conditions of this system. We don't have to sacrifice our values or sell our creations solely for financial gain. Instead, we can prioritize trustworthiness and the well-being of the people we care about. While there may not be a definitive answer or a single set of values that should prevail, it is important for us to stand up for our shared values and beliefs. Let's be more proactive in defending them and making a positive impact.

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    The social radar: Y Combinator’s secret weapon | Jessica Livingston (co-founder of Y Combinator, author, podcast host)

    The social radar: Y Combinator’s secret weapon | Jessica Livingston (co-founder of Y Combinator, author, podcast host)

    Jessica Livingston is a co-founder of Y Combinator, the first and most successful startup accelerator. Y Combinator has funded over 5,000 companies, 200 of which are now unicorns, including Airbnb, Dropbox, DoorDash, Stripe, Coinbase, and Reddit. Jessica played a crucial role in YC’s early success, when she was nicknamed the “social radar” because of her uncanny ability to quickly evaluate people—an essential skill when investing in early-stage startups. She’s also the host of the popular podcast The Social Radars, where she interviews billion-dollar-startup founders, and the author of the acclaimed book Founders at Work, which captures the origin stories of some of today’s most interesting companies. In our conversation, we discuss:

    • How Jessica gained the affectionate title of the “social radar”

    • Why defensive founders are a red flag

    • How to develop your social radar

    • What she looks for in founders during YC interviews

    • How YC’s early inexperience in angel investing led to the batch model

    • Her favorite stories from interviews with Airbnb, Rippling, and more

    • Lessons learned from hosting her own podcast

    • Much more

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    Find the transcript at: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/the-social-radar-jessica-livingston

    Where to find Jessica Livingston:

    • X: https://x.com/jesslivingston

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/jessicalivingston1/

    • Podcast: https://www.thesocialradars.com/

    Where to find Lenny:

    • Newsletter: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com

    • X: https://twitter.com/lennysan

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lennyrachitsky/

    In this episode, we cover:

    (00:00) Jessica’s background

    (02:42) Thoughts on being under-recognized

    (07:52) Jessica’s superpower: the social radar

    (15:11) Evaluating founders: key traits and red flags

    (21:00) The Airbnb story: a lesson in hustle and determination

    (25:57) A YC success story

    (28:26) The importance of earnestness

    (32:45) Confidence vs. defensiveness

    (34:43) Commitment and co-founder disputes

    (37:46) Relentless resourcefulness

    (40:00) Jessica’s social radar: origins and insights

    (43:24) Honing her social radar skills

    (45:44) Conviction and scams: a Y Combinator story

    (46:50) The interview process: challenges and insights

    (48:20) Operationalizing founder evaluation

    (49:38) Advice for building social radar skills

    (52:08) The “Reading the Mind in the Eyes” quiz

    (55:19) Jessica’s podcast: The Social Radars

    (01:00:34) Lessons from podcasting and interviewing

    (01:09:58) Lightning round

    Referenced:

    • Paul Graham’s post about Jessica: https://paulgraham.com/jessica.html

    • Paul Graham on X: https://x.com/paulg

    • Robert Tappan Morris: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Tappan_Morris

    • Trevor Blackwell on X: https://x.com/tlbtlbtlb

    • Y Combinator: https://www.ycombinator.com/

    • “The Founders” examines the rise and legend of PayPal: https://www.economist.com/culture/2022/02/19/the-founders-examines-the-rise-and-legend-of-paypal

    • Patrick Collison on X: https://x.com/patrickc

    • John Collison on X: https://x.com/collision

    • Brian Chesky on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/brianchesky/

    • Nate Blecharczyk on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/blecharczyk/

    • Joe Gebbia on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/jgebbia/

    • Airbnb’s CEO says a $40 cereal box changed the course of the multibillion-dollar company: https://fortune.com/2023/04/19/airbnb-ceo-cereal-box-investors-changed-everything-billion-dollar-company/

    • Parker Conrad on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/parkerconrad/

    • Zenefits: https://connect.trinet.com/hr-platform

    • Goat: https://www.goat.com/

    • Eddy Lu on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/eddylu/

    • Drew Houston on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/drewhouston/

    • Arash Ferdowsi on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/arashferdowsi/

    • Lessons from 1,000+ YC startups: Resilience, tar pit ideas, pivoting, more | Dalton Caldwell (Y Combinator, Managing Director): https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/lessons-from-1000-yc-startups

    •Bitcoin launderer pleads guilty, admits to massive Bitfinex hack: https://www.cnbc.com/2023/08/03/new-york-man-admits-being-original-bitfinex-hacker-during-guilty-plea-in-dc-to-bitcoin-money-laundering.html

    • Paul Graham’s tweet with the facial recognition test: https://x.com/paulg/status/1782875262855663691

    • SmartLess podcast: https://www.smartless.com

    • Jason Bateman on X: https://x.com/batemanjason

    • Will Arnett on X: https://x.com/arnettwill

    • Sean Hayes on X: https://x.com/seanhayes

    • The Social Radars with Tony Xu, Co-Founder & CEO of DoorDash: https://www.ycombinator.com/library/Ja-tony-xu-co-founder-ceo-of-doordash

    • The Social Radars with Brian Chesky: https://www.ycombinator.com/library/JW-brian-chesky-co-founder-ceo-of-airbnb

    • The Social Radars with Patrick and John Collison: https://www.ycombinator.com/library/Kx-patrick-john-collison-co-founders-of-stripe

    • The Social Radars with Brian Armstrong: https://www.ycombinator.com/library/K3-brian-armstrong-co-founder-and-ceo-of-coinbase

    • The Social Radars with Emmett Shear: https://www.ycombinator.com/library/KM-emmett-shear-co-founder-of-twitch

    • The Social Radars with Paul Graham: https://www.ycombinator.com/library/JV-paul-graham-co-founder-of-y-combinator-and-viaweb

    • The Social Radars with Adora Cheung: https://www.ycombinator.com/library/L0-adora-cheung-co-founder-of-homejoy-instalab

    Founders at Work: Stories of Startups’ Early Days: https://www.amazon.com/Founders-Work-Stories-Startups-Early/dp/1430210788

    • Startup School: https://www.startupschool.org/

    • The Social Radars with Parker Conrad: https://www.ycombinator.com/library/Ky-parker-conrad-founder-of-zenefits-rippling

    • Rippling: https://www.rippling.com/

    Carry on, Jeeves: https://www.amazon.com/Carry-Jeeves-Dover-Thrift-Editions/dp/0486848957

    Very Good, Jeeves: https://www.amazon.com/Very-Good-Jeeves-Wooster-Book-ebook/dp/B0051GST06

    Right Ho, Jeeves: https://www.amazon.com/Right-Ho-Jeeves-P-Wodehouse-ebook/dp/B083FFDNHN/

    Life: https://www.amazon.com/Life-Keith-Richards-ebook/dp/B003UBTX72/

    My Name Is Barbra: https://www.amazon.com/My-Name-Barbra-Streisand/dp/0525429522

    Clarkson’s Farm on Prime: https://www.amazon.com/Clarksons-Farm-Season-1/dp/B095RHJ52R

    Schitt’s Creek on Hulu: https://www.hulu.com/series/schitts-creek-a2e7a946-9652-48a8-884b-3ea7ea4de273

    Yellowstone on Peacock: https://www.peacocktv.com/stream-tv/yellowstone

    • Sam Altman on X: https://x.com/sama

    • Justin Kan on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/justinkan/

    • Alexis Ohanian on X: https://x.com/alexisohanian

    • Steve Huffman on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/shuffman56/

    • Breaking News: Condé Nast/Wired Acquires Reddit: https://techcrunch.com/2006/10/31/breaking-news-conde-nastwired-acquires-reddit/

    • Charles River Venture: https://www.crv.com/

    Production and marketing by https://penname.co/. For inquiries about sponsoring the podcast, email podcast@lennyrachitsky.com.

    Lenny may be an investor in the companies discussed.



    Get full access to Lenny's Newsletter at www.lennysnewsletter.com/subscribe

    Making an impact through authenticity and curiosity | Ami Vora (CPO at Faire, ex-WhatsApp, FB, IG)

    Making an impact through authenticity and curiosity | Ami Vora (CPO at Faire, ex-WhatsApp, FB, IG)

    Ami Vora is the Chief Product Officer of Faire, which connects independent retailers and brands around the world. Before Faire, Ami spent over 15 years at Meta, including as VP of Product and Design for WhatsApp (2B+ users), VP of Product for Facebook’s ads system (now $130B of annual revenue), and director at Instagram. She began her career working on developer tools at Microsoft. In our conversation, we discuss:

    • Why execution eats strategy for breakfast

    • Using metaphor to rally teams around one shared goal

    • How to build cross-functional relationships

    • “Dinosaur brain,” “Toddler soccer,” and the “hill climbing” metaphors

    • A tactic for handling disagreement

    • Tips for working well with product-minded founders as a product leader

    • The story of Ami’s incredible 15-year journey from temp to VP at Meta

    • Much more

    Brought to you by:

    Sidebar—Accelerate your career by surrounding yourself with extraordinary peers.

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    User Testing—Human understanding. Human experiences.

    Find the transcript at: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/authenticity-and-curiosity-ami-vora

    Where to find Ami Vora:

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/amvora/

    • Substack: https://amivora.substack.com/

    Where to find Lenny:

    • Newsletter: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com

    • X: https://twitter.com/lennysan

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lennyrachitsky/

    In this episode, we cover:

    (00:00) Ami’s background

    (02:00) The myth of perfection in success

    (07:55) Emotionally connecting with the job

    (09:55) Embracing curiosity in moments of challenge

    (13:16) Thinking in feedback loops

    (17:17) The “dinosaur brain” metaphor in product reviews

    (20:20) Strategies for conducting effective product reviews

    (26:33) Using metaphors and imagery to communicate your vision

    (29:35) The power of having a shared narrative

    (31:55) WhatsApp: an example of metaphor in action

    (34:44) Emulating people that inspire you

    (36:19) WhatsApp video calling

    (37:35) Why execution is greater than strategy

    (41:36) Time allotment for strategy vs. execution

    (45:10) How to become a better strategic thinker

    (47:59) The intricacies of implementing feedback

    (51:53) Being a female leader in tech

    (55:13) Advice for young women in tech

    (56:07) Setting goals and aligning incentives

    (01:01:40) Acknowledging hard truths

    (01:05:46) Lessons from transitioning to Faire

    (01:08:40) The importance of a good CPO/CEO relationship

    (01:11:17) Vetting heads of product and maintaining customer focus

    (01:12:40) How Ami went from intern to leading major products at Meta

    (01:14:53) The one thing you should do to be successful in product

    (01:17:25) Lightning round

    Referenced:

    • Faire: https://www.faire.com/

    • Making Meta | Andrew “Boz” Bosworth (CTO): https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/making-meta-andrew-boz-bosworth-cto

    •  Community Wisdom: AMA with Dan Hockenmaier + Facilitating a roadmap session, structuring product teams, navigating an acquisition, companies not needing PMs anymore, and much more: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/making-meta-andrew-boz-bosworth-cto

    • Developing a growth model + marketplace growth strategy | Dan Hockenmaier (Faire, Thumbtack, Reforge): https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/developing-a-growth-model-marketplace

    • Dan Hockenmaier’s website: https://www.danhock.com/

    • On Reviews: https://boz.com/articles/reviews

    • Finding a global optimum always feels like a hill climb: https://www.linkedin.com/posts/amvora_finding-a-global-optimum-always-feels-like-activity-7074776143882588161-jhyy/

    • Dolores Park: https://sfrecpark.org/892/Mission-Dolores-Park

    • Rob Goldman on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/robgoldman/

    • Execution eats strategy for breakfast, but execution without strategy leads to burnout: https://rationalpm.substack.com/p/execution-eats-strategy-for-breakfast

    • The goal of a “strategy” is to change our own team’s behavior: https://amivora.substack.com/p/the-goal-of-a-strategy-is-to-change

    • The paths to power: How to grow your influence and advance your career | Jeffrey Pfeffer (author of 7 Rules of Power, professor at Stanford GSB): https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/the-paths-to-power-jeffrey-pfeffer

    • Path to Power course outline: https://jeffreypfeffer.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/Pfeffer-OB377-Course-Outline-2018.pdf

    • Management Time: Who’s Got the Monkey?: https://hbr.org/1999/11/management-time-whos-got-the-monkey

    • Max Rhodes on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/max-rhodes/

    • Coupa Coffee: https://www.coupacafe.com/

    • Brandee Barker on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/brandeedbarker/

    Year of Yes: How to Dance It Out, Stand In the Sun and Be Your Own Person: https://www.amazon.com/Year-Yes-Dance-Stand-Person/dp/1476777128 

    • How to tell better stories | Matthew Dicks (Storyworthy): https://www.lennyspodcast.com/how-to-tell-better-stories-matthew-dicks-storyworthy/

    • A life of yes: Matthew Dicks at TEDxSomerville: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F3TaQFcaMk4

    The Office on Peacock: https://www.peacocktv.com/stream-tv/the-office

    30 Rock on Peacock: https://www.peacocktv.com/watch-online/tv/30-rock/6240863759978157112

    • Dall-E-2: https://openai.com/index/dall-e-2/

    • ChatGPT: https://chatgpt.com

    • Fellow kettles: https://fellowproducts.com/products/stagg-ekg-electric-pour-over-kettle

    • TikTok’s “Roman Empire” Meme, Explained: https://www.forbes.com/sites/danidiplacido/2023/09/21/tiktoks-roman-empire-meme-explained/

    Production and marketing by https://penname.co/. For inquiries about sponsoring the podcast, email podcast@lennyrachitsky.com.

    Lenny may be an investor in the companies discussed.



    Get full access to Lenny's Newsletter at www.lennysnewsletter.com/subscribe

    Hard-won lessons building 0 to 1 inside Atlassian | Tanguy Crusson (Head of Jira Product Discovery)

    Hard-won lessons building 0 to 1 inside Atlassian | Tanguy Crusson (Head of Jira Product Discovery)

    Tanguy Crusson is the product lead for Jira Product Discovery at Atlassian. In his more than 10 years at the company, he has been instrumental in taking several new products from zero to one, including HipChat, Statuspage, and Jira Product Discovery. In this episode, we dive deep into the struggles of innovating and building new products inside a large company. Tanguy shares candid stories about what worked, what didn’t, and his many hard-won lessons learned about how to successfully build 0 to 1. We cover:

    • Why large companies with so many advantages still fail at creating new products

    • Lessons learned from building HipChat

    • How to avoid common pitfalls like competitive myopia and premature scaling

    • Lessons learned from the acquisition and integration of Statuspage

    • Insights from the success of Jira Product Discovery

    • Tactics for protecting your “ugly babies”

    • The power of “lighthouse users”

    • The importance of having a “why now”

    • Much more

    Brought to you by:

    Vanta—Automate compliance. Simplify security

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    Coda—The all-in-one collaborative workspace

    Find the transcript at: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/building-0-to-1-inside-atlassian-tanguy-crusson

    Where to find Tanguy Crusson:

    • X: https://x.com/tanguycrusson

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/tanguy-crusson-99832a

    Where to find Lenny:

    • Newsletter: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com

    • X: https://twitter.com/lennysan

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lennyrachitsky/

    In this episode, we cover:

    (00:00) Tanguy’s background

    (02:30) Tanguy’s journey at Atlassian

    (07:03) The challenges of innovating in large companies

    (10:42) Atlassian's high bar for excellence 

    (12:58) The HipChat story: successes, failures, and lessons learned

    (20:47) Lessons learned from building HipChat

    (33:49) Statuspage: a journey of perseverance

    (39:48) Acquisition challenges and lessons

    (47:22) Strategic decisions: build, buy, or partner?

    (48:17) Learning to articulate "why now"

    (54:08) A quick summary of lessons in this episode

    (55:40) The success and pain of launching Jira Product Discovery 

    (58:10) Incubating new products: the Point A program

    (01:00:13) Failure is the most likely outcome

    (01:04:15) Atlassian's four-phase approach to launching new products

    (01:09:20) Breaking rules without breaking trust

    (01:16:16) Early success and team autonomy

    (01:17:22) Innovating without disrupting existing customers

    (01:23:17) The Lighthouse Users program

    (01:30:00) Protecting and nurturing new ideas

    (01:36:14) Balancing innovation with personal well-being

    (01:38:17) A reminder to look after yourself

    (01:42:06) Lightning round

    Referenced:

    • Atlassian: https://www.atlassian.com/

    • HipChat: https://community.atlassian.com/t5/Hipchat/ct-p/hipchat

    • Stride: https://community.atlassian.com/t5/Stride/ct-p/stride

    • Statuspage: https://www.atlassian.com/software/statuspage

    • Opsgenie: https://www.atlassian.com/software/opsgenie

    • Jira Product Discovery: https://www.atlassian.com/software/jira/product-discovery

    • HipChat billboard: https://x.com/HubSpot/status/654696998126272512

    • Announcing our new partnership with Slack: https://www.atlassian.com/blog/announcements/new-atlassian-slack-partnership

    • Slack shows it’s worried about Microsoft Teams with a full-page newspaper ad: https://www.theverge.com/2016/11/2/13497766/slack-microsoft-teams-new-york-times-ad

    • What Is ‘Dogfooding’?: https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/14/business/dogfooding.html

    • Jira: https://www.atlassian.com/software/jira

    • Confluence: https://www.atlassian.com/software/confluence

    • PagerDuty: https://www.pagerduty.com/

    • New Relic: https://newrelic.com/

    • BigPanda: https://www.bigpanda.io/

    • Transparent Uptime: http://www.transparentuptime.com/

    • Vision, conviction, and hype: How to build 0 to 1 inside a company | Mihika Kapoor (Product at Figma): https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/vision-conviction-hype-mihika-kapoor

    • Figma: https://www.figma.com/

    • Lessons from Atlassian: Launching new products, getting buy-in, and staying ahead of the competition | Megan Cook (head of product, Jira): https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/lessons-from-atlassian-launching

    • Noah Weiss on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/noahw/

    • Tanguy’s LinkedIn post about “lighthouse users”: https://www.linkedin.com/posts/tanguy-crusson-99832a_lighthouse-users-one-of-the-pm-techniques-activity-7176654510801502210-hWNi/

    • Pixar Chief: Protect Your ‘Ugly Babies’ (Your Unsightly Ideas): https://www.forbes.com/sites/andyboynton/2014/03/17/pixar-chief-protect-your-ugly-babies-your-unsightly-ideas/

    • Atlas: https://www.atlassian.com/software/atlas

    • Point A: https://www.atlassian.com/point-a

    • Scott Farquhar on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/scottfarquhar

    Who: A Method for Hiring: https://www.amazon.com/Who-Method-Hiring-HC-2008/dp/B004C79SRS/

    Hakim’s Odyssey: Book 1: From Syria to Turkey: https://www.amazon.com/Hakims-Odyssey-Book-Syria-Turkey/dp/1637790007

    Living with the Earth, Volume 1: Permaculture, Ecoculture: Inspired by Nature: https://www.amazon.com/Living-Earth-Gardeners-Permaculture-Ecoculture/dp/1856232603/

    • INRIA: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_Institute_for_Research_in_Computer_Science_and_Automation

    • How a Hydrofoil Works: https://web.mit.edu/2.972/www/reports/hydrofoil/hydrofoil.html

    • What Is Kitefoil or Foilboarding?: https://www.whenitswindy.com/wp/?page_id=534

    • Freediving: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freediving

    • Tanguy’s freediving stats: https://www.aidainternational.org/Athletes/Profile-00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000a45

    • Perplexity: https://www.perplexity.com/

    Production and marketing by https://penname.co/. For inquiries about sponsoring the podcast, email podcast@lennyrachitsky.com.

    Lenny may be an investor in the companies discussed.



    Get full access to Lenny's Newsletter at www.lennysnewsletter.com/subscribe

    The paths to power: How to grow your influence and advance your career | Jeffrey Pfeffer (author of 7 Rules of Power, professor at Stanford GSB)

    The paths to power: How to grow your influence and advance your career | Jeffrey Pfeffer (author of 7 Rules of Power, professor at Stanford GSB)

    Jeffrey Pfeffer teaches the single most popular (and somewhat controversial) class at Stanford’s Graduate School of Business: The Paths to Power. He’s also the author of 16 books, including 7 Rules of Power: Surprising—But True—Advice on How to Get Things Done and Advance Your Career. He has taught at Harvard, the London Business School, and IESE and has written for publications like Fortune and the Washington Post. Recognized by the Academy of Management and listed in the Thinkers50 Hall of Fame, Jeffrey also serves on several corporate and nonprofit boards, bringing his expertise to global audiences through seminars and executive education. In our conversation, we discuss:

    • Jeffrey’s seven rules of power

    • How individuals can acquire and use power in business

    • Networking, and how to do it effectively

    • How to build a non-cringe personal brand

    • How to increase your influence to amplify your impact

    • Examples and stories of people building power

    • Tradeoffs and challenges that come with power

    Brought to you by:

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    Find the transcript at: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/the-paths-to-power-jeffrey-pfeffer

    Where to find Jeffrey Pfeffer:

    • X: https://x.com/JeffreyPfeffer

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/jeffrey-pfeffer-57a01b6/

    • Website: https://jeffreypfeffer.com/

    • Podcast: https://jeffreypfeffer.com/pfeffer-on-power/

    Where to find Lenny:

    • Newsletter: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com

    • X: https://twitter.com/lennysan

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lennyrachitsky/

    In this episode, we cover:

    (00:00) Jeffrey’s background 

    (02:54) Understanding discomfort with power

    (04:56) Power skills for underrepresented groups

    (07:51) The popularity and challenges of Jeffrey’s class at Stanford

    (12:21) The seven rules of power

    (13:03) Success stories from his course

    (15:43) Building a personal brand

    (21:11) Getting out of your own way

    (26:04) Breaking the rules to gain power

    (30:34) Networking relentlessly

    (40:10) Why Jeffrey says to “pursue weak ties”

    (42:00) Using your power to build more power

    (44:34) The importance of appearance and body language

    (47:15) Mastering the art of presentation

    (55:12) Examples of homework assignments that Jeffrey gives students

    (59:11) People will forget how you acquired power

    (01:03:58) More good people need to have power

    (01:10:49) The price of power and autonomy

    (01:17:13) A homework assignment for you

    Referenced:

    • Gerald Ferris on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/gerald-r-ferris-5816b1b5/

    • Political Skill at Work: https://tarjomefa.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/4173-engilish.pdf

    • Laura Esserman, MD: https://cancer.ucsf.edu/people/esserman.laura

    • Taylor Swift’s website: https://www.taylorswift.com/

    • Matthew 7: https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew%207&version=NIV

    • Mother Teresa quote: https://www.goodreads.com/quotes/2887-if-you-judge-people-you-have-no-time-to-love

    • Paths to Power course description: https://jeffreypfeffer.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/Pfeffer-OB377-Course-Outline-2018.pdf

    7 Rules of Power: https://jeffreypfeffer.com/books/7-rules-of-power/

    The Knowing-Doing Gap: https://jeffreypfeffer.com/books/the-knowing-doing-gap/

    • Derek Kan on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/derekkan/

    • Mitt Romney on X: https://x.com/mittromney

    • Elaine Chao’s website: https://www.elainechao.com/

    • Tony Hsieh: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tony_Hsieh

    • Zappos: https://www.zappos.com/

    • How I Did It: Zappos’s CEO on Going to Extremes for Customers: https://hbr.org/2010/07/how-i-did-it-zapposs-ceo-on-going-to-extremes-for-customers

    • McKinsey & Company: https://www.mckinsey.com/

    • Bain & Company: https://www.bain.com/

    • BCG: https://www.bcg.com/

    • Keith Ferrazzi’s website: https://www.keithferrazzi.com/

    • Deloitte: https://www2.deloitte.com/

    • Tristan Walker: https://www.linkedin.com/in/tristanwalker/

    • Foursquare: https://foursquare.com/

    • Laura Chau on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/laura-chau/

    • Canaan Partners: https://www.canaan.com/

    • Andreessen Horowitz: https://a16z.com/

    • Sequoia Capital: https://www.sequoiacap.com/

    • Greylock: https://greylock.com/

    The Women Who Venture (WoVen) Podcast: https://www.canaan.com/woven/podcasts

    • Imposter syndrome: https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/basics/imposter-syndrome

    • Gary Loveman and Harrah’s Entertainment: https://www.gsb.stanford.edu/faculty-research/case-studies/gary-loveman-harrahs-entertainment

    • “If you need help, just ask”: Underestimating compliance with direct requests for help: https://www.gsb.stanford.edu/faculty-research/publications/if-you-need-help-just-ask-underestimating-compliance-direct-requests

    • Life story of Kathleen Frances Fowler: https://www.forevermissed.com/kathleenfowler/lifestory

    • Jason Calacanis on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/jasoncalacanis/

    • Jason Calacanis: A Case Study in Creating Resources: https://www.gsb.stanford.edu/faculty-research/case-studies/jason-calacanis-case-study-creating-resources

    You’re Invited: The Art and Science of Connection, Trust, and Belonging: https://www.amazon.com/Youre-Invited-Science-Cultivating-Influence/dp/0063030977

    • View from the Top: https://www.gsb.stanford.edu/experience/learning/guest-speakers/view-top

    • Omid Kordestani on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/omid-kordestani-46515151/

    • Netscape: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netscape

    •  Esther Wojcicki on LinkedIn:  https://www.linkedin.com/in/estherwojcicki/

    • Leanne Williams: https://med.stanford.edu/profiles/leanne-williams

    Precision Psychiatry: Using Neuroscience Insights to Inform Personally Tailored, Measurement-Based Care: https://www.amazon.com/Precision-Psychiatry-Neuroscience-Personally-Measurement-Based/dp/1615371583

    • Mark Granovetter on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/mark-granovetter-8161704/

    • The Strength of Weak Ties: https://snap.stanford.edu/class/cs224w-readings/granovetter73weakties.pdf

    Getting a Jobhttps://www.amazon.com/Getting-Job-Study-Contacts-Careers/dp/0226305813

    Acting with Power: https://www.amazon.com/Acting-Power-More-Powerful-Believe/dp/110190397X

    • Articles by Herminia Ibarra: https://herminiaibarra.com/articles/

    Kingdom of the Planet of the Ape: https://www.imdb.com/title/tt11389872/

    • Jim Collins’s website: https://www.jimcollins.com/

    • Dana Carney on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/danarosecarney/

    • Baba Shiv: https://www.gsb.stanford.edu/faculty-research/faculty/baba-shiv

    • Tony Hayward: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tony_Hayward

    • Lloyd Blankfein: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lloyd_Blankfein

    • Regis McKenna: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regis_McKenna

    • Jack Valenti: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Valenti

    • Salman Rushdie quote: https://www.pinterest.com/pin/434175220328596286/

    • How to build deeper, more robust relationships | Carole Robin (Stanford GSB professor, “Touchy Feely”): https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/build-robust-relationships-carole-robin

    • Carole Robin’s 15% rule: https://pen-name.notion.site/Carole-Robin-on-Lenny-s-Podcast-dc7159208e4242428f4b11ebc92285eb

    • Karlie Kloss on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/karliekloss

    • Lindsey Graham’s website: https://www.lindseygraham.com/

    • Was Microsoft’s Empire Built on Stolen Code? We May Never Know: https://www.wired.com/2012/08/ms-dos-examined-for-thef/

    • Who’s who of Jeffrey Epstein’s powerful friends, associates and possible co-conspirators: https://www.cnn.com/2019/08/12/us/jeffrey-epstein-associates-possible-accomplices/index.html

    • Why Did Martha Stewart Go to Prison? A Look Back at Her 2004 Fraud Case: https://people.com/martha-stewart-fraud-case-prison-sentence-look-back-8550277

    • Dianne Feinstein: https://www.congress.gov/member/dianne-feinstein/F000062

    • Richard Blum: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_C._Blum

    • Athena Care Network: https://www.athenacarenetwork.org

    • James G. March: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_G._March

    • Satya Nadella on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/satyanadella/

    • Trump Organization fined $1.6 million for tax fraud: https://apnews.com/article/politics-legal-proceedings-new-york-city-donald-trump-manhattan-e2f1d01525dafb64be8738c8b4f32085

    • Rudy Giuliani: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudy_Giuliani

    • Harvard president resigns amid claims of plagiarism and antisemitism backlash: https://www.theguardian.com/education/2024/jan/02/harvard-president-claudine-gay-resigns

    • Stanford president resigns after fallout from falsified data in his research: https://www.npr.org/2023/07/19/1188828810/stanford-university-president-resigns

    • Rudy Crew: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudy_Crew

    Production and marketing by https://penname.co/. For inquiries about sponsoring the podcast, email podcast@lennyrachitsky.com.

    Lenny may be an investor in the companies discussed.



    Get full access to Lenny's Newsletter at www.lennysnewsletter.com/subscribe

    Lessons from a two-time unicorn builder, 50-time startup advisor, and 20-time company board member | Uri Levine (co-founder of Waze)

    Lessons from a two-time unicorn builder, 50-time startup advisor, and 20-time company board member | Uri Levine (co-founder of Waze)

    Uri Levine is the co-founder of Waze, the world’s largest community-based traffic and navigation app, acquired by Google for over $1 billion. He’s also founded nine other companies, been on the board of 20 companies, and advised more than 50 companies. He’s most recently the author of Fall in Love with the Problem, Not the Solution: A Handbook for Entrepreneurs, hailed by Steve Wozniak as the “Bible for entrepreneurs.” Uri is dedicated to creating impactful startups that solve real-world problems and has seen everything from failure to moderate success to big success. In our conversation, we dig into:

    • Why falling in love with the problem is key to startup success

    • The phases of the startup journey and how to navigate them

    • Why firing is more important than hiring

    • How Waze iterated to achieve product-market fit

    • Tactics for telling a compelling story when fundraising

    • Much more

    Brought to you by:

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    Find the transcript at: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/lessons-from-uri-levine

    Where to find Uri Levine:

    • X: https://twitter.com/urilevine1

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/uri-levine

    • Website: https://urilevine.com/

    Where to find Lenny:

    • Newsletter: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com

    • X: https://twitter.com/lennysan

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lennyrachitsky/

    In this episode, we cover:

    (00:00) Uri’s background

    (02:50) Falling in love with the problem

    (09:03) Signs this is a big enough problem

    (10:54) The importance of passion

    (12:06) A pivot example

    (14:01) Where to find startup ideas

    (21:57) Finding product-market fit at Waze

    (29:45) The different phases of a startup journey

    (36:47) What investors don’t want to hear

    (39:53) Fundraising tips

    (48:02) How to make your presentations stronger

    (50:32) A wild fundraising story

    (53:46) Firing and hiring

    (59:50) The 30-day test

    (01:04:12) Understanding users

    (01:12:10) Talking to the right users

    (01:15:36) Lightning round

    Referenced:

    Fall in Love with the Problem, Not the Solution: A Handbook for Entrepreneurs: https://www.amazon.com/Fall-Love-Problem-Solution-Entrepreneurs/dp/1637741987

    • Waze: https://www.waze.com/

    • Ben Horowitz on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/behorowitz/

    • Ben Horowitz quote: https://quotefancy.com/quote/1635284/Ben-Horowitz-As-a-startup-CEO-I-slept-like-a-baby-I-woke-up-every-2-hours-and-cried

    • Michael Jordan quote: https://www.forbes.com/quotes/11194/#:~:text=I've%20lost%20almost%20300,that%20is%20why%20I%20succeed.

    • Steph Curry: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Curry

    • How Airbnb Used Word of Mouth to Change the Travel Industry Forever: https://truested.com/story/airbnb

    • Space Mountain: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_Mountain_(Disneyland)

    • How Netflix builds a culture of excellence | Elizabeth Stone (CTO): https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/how-netflix-builds-a-culture-of-excellence

    • Steve Wozniak on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/wozniaksteve/

    • Uri’s post about the conference in Guatemala with Steve Wozniak: https://www.linkedin.com/posts/uri-levine_jewishnewyear-speakers-book-activity-6980089544079486976-0ADa/

    • Leonardo da Vinci quote: https://www.goodreads.com/quotes/9010638-simplicity-is-the-ultimate-sophistication-when-once-you-have-tasted

    • Geoffrey Moore on finding your beachhead, crossing the chasm, and dominating a market: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/geoffrey-moore-on-finding-your-beachhead

    • Nana Korobi Ya Oki: https://ikigaitribe.com/vlog/nana-korobi-ya-oki/

    That Will Never Work: The Birth of Netflix and the Amazing Life of an Idea: https://www.amazon.com/That-Will-Never-Work-Netflix/dp/0316530204

    Atomic Habits: An Easy & Proven Way to Build Good Habits & Break Bad Ones: https://www.amazon.com/Atomic-Habits-Proven-Build-Break/dp/0735211299

    • 8 Great Chess Apps for Beginners and Grand Masters: https://www.wired.com/story/best-chess-apps/

    • Pontera: https://pontera.com/

    Production and marketing by https://penname.co/. For inquiries about sponsoring the podcast, email podcast@lennyrachitsky.com.

    Lenny may be an investor in the companies discussed.



    Get full access to Lenny's Newsletter at www.lennysnewsletter.com/subscribe

    Inside Canva: Coaches not managers, giving away your Legos, and running profitably | Cameron Adams (co-founder and CPO)

    Inside Canva: Coaches not managers, giving away your Legos, and running profitably | Cameron Adams (co-founder and CPO)

    Cameron Adams is the co-founder and chief product officer of Canva. Canva is one of the world’s most valuable private software companies, used by 95% of Fortune 500 companies. Since its launch in 2013, Canva has grown to over 150 million monthly users in more than 190 countries, generating $2.3 billion in annual revenue. Prior to Canva, Cameron ran a design consultancy, worked at Google on Google Wave, and founded the email startup Fluent. He is also an author of five web design books and a regular speaker at global conferences. In our conversation, we discuss:

    • Why they spent a year building their minimum viable product (MVP) before launch

    • Why Canva has no managers, and their unique approach to coaching and performance reviews

    • Why they encourage employees to “give away their Legos”

    • Insights into Canva’s SEO growth strategy

    • Their three-pillar framework for integrating AI into their product

    • Stories from the early days

    Brought to you by:

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    Find the transcript at: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/inside-canva-with-cameron-adams

    Where to find Cameron Adams:

    • X: https://twitter.com/themaninblue

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/themaninblue

    • Website: https://themaninblue.com/

    Where to find Lenny:

    • Newsletter: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com

    • X: https://twitter.com/lennysan

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lennyrachitsky/

    In this episode, we cover:

    (00:00) Cameron’s background

    (02:00) Reflecting on the success of Canva

    (04:50) Reflecting on hard times

    (10:01) Canva’s product-obsessed culture

    (12:02) Why they prioritize internal promotions and hires

    (13:56) What makes Canva unique

    (16:31) The concept of giving away your Legos

    (21:44) Why Canva has no managers

    (24:29) Product management at Canva

    (27:56) Reflections on working with a married couple

    (30:37) Why they spent a year building their MVP before launch

    (33:49) Advice for building an MVP

    (41:23) Canva’s onboarding transformation

    (44:25) Canva’s SEO strategy

    (50:37) The success of Canva’s freemium strategy

    (54:24) Integrating AI into Canva’s product

    (01:01:50) Where to find Cameron

    Referenced:

    • Canva: https://www.canva.com/

    • Melanie Perkins on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/melanieperkins

    • Cliff Obrecht on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/cliff-obrecht-79ba9920

    • Jennie Rogerson, Head of People, LinkedIn post about “season opener” events: https://www.linkedin.com/posts/jennierogerson_season-opener-is-one-of-my-favourite-events-activity-7006815614556135424-73bD/

    Game of Thrones on HBO: https://www.hbo.com/game-of-thrones

    • Woodstock: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woodstock

    • ‘Give Away Your Legos’ and Other Commandments for Scaling Startups: https://review.firstround.com/give-away-your-legos-and-other-commandments-for-scaling-startups/

    • Minimum viable product (MVP): https://www.productboard.com/glossary/minimum-viable-product-mvp

    • Canva’s SEO Strategy Is Elite: https://thegrowthplaybook.substack.com/p/canvas-seo-strategy-is-elite

    • The SEO Strategy That Led Canva to a $40 Billion Valuation: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=INyGKt6LAqM

    • Andrianes Pinantoan on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/andrianes/

    • Canva Create: https://www.canva.com/canva-create/

    Production and marketing by https://penname.co/. For inquiries about sponsoring the podcast, email podcast@lennyrachitsky.com.

    Lenny may be an investor in the companies discussed.



    Get full access to Lenny's Newsletter at www.lennysnewsletter.com/subscribe

    The surprising truth about what closes deals: Insights from 2.5m sales conversations | Matt Dixon (author of The Challenger Sale and The JOLT Effect)

    The surprising truth about what closes deals: Insights from 2.5m sales conversations | Matt Dixon (author of The Challenger Sale and The JOLT Effect)

    Matt Dixon is one of the world’s foremost experts in sales and the author of The Challenger Sale, which sold over a million copies worldwide and was a #1 Amazon and Wall Street Journal bestseller. His most recent book, The JOLT Effect, focuses on overcoming customer indecision—one of the biggest challenges to closing deals. Outside of writing, Matt co-founded DCM Insights, a boutique consultancy helping organizations understand customer behavior, and is a frequent contributor to the Harvard Business Review, with more than 20 print and online articles to his credit. In our conversation, we discuss:

    • Why 40% to 60% of qualified sales opportunities are lost due to customer indecision

    • Why dialing up FOMO doesn’t work, and what to do instead

    • The “pings and echoes” technique to catch issues early

    • The JOLT method for overcoming indecision

    • Key lessons from The Challenger Sale

    • Practical examples of how to apply these principles to close more deals

    Brought to you by:

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    Find the transcript at: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/close-more-deals-matt-dixon

    Where to find Matt Dixon:

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/matthewxdixon

    • Website: https://www.jolteffect.com/

    Where to find Lenny:

    • Newsletter: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com

    • X: https://twitter.com/lennysan

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lennyrachitsky/

    In this episode, we cover:

    (00:00) Matt’s background

    (01:57) The research behind Matt’s books

    (06:08) Insights from The JOLT Effect

    (10:15) FOMO vs. FOMU

    (18:18) An example of selling software

    (26:04) The JOLT method Step 1: Judge their level of indecision

    (29:41) The “pings and echoes” technique

    (34:49) Step 2: Offer a recommendation

    (38:36) Step 3: Limit the exploration

    (41:43) Step 4: Take risk off the table

    (45:58) When to hit the pause button with a customer

    (47:27) Insights from The Challenger Sale

    (49:07) An example of a challenger sale

    (55:23) Where to find Matt

    Referenced:

    • A step-by-step guide to crafting a sales pitch that wins | April Dunford (author of Obviously Awesome and Sales Pitch): https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/a-step-by-step-guide-to-crafting

    The Challenger Sale: Taking Control of the Customer Conversation: https://www.amazon.com/Challenger-Sale-Control-Customer-Conversation/dp/0670922854

    The JOLT Effect: How High Performers Overcome Customer Indecision: https://www.amazon.com/JOLT-Effect-Performers-Overcome-Indecision/dp/0593538102

    • Gartner acquires CEB: https://www.gartner.com/en/about/acquisitions/history/ceb-acquisition

    Tiger King on Netflix: https://www.netflix.com/title/81115994

    • Why sourdough went viral: https://www.economist.com/1843/2020/08/04/why-sourdough-went-viral

    • Neil Rackham: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neil_Rackham

    • Status quo bias in decision-making: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Status_quo_bias

    • Omission bias: https://thedecisionlab.com/biases/omission-bias

    • Gartner Magic Quadrant & Critical Capabilities: https://www.gartner.com/en/research/magic-quadrant

    • Dunning-Kruger effect: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunning%E2%80%93Kruger_effect

    • Stop Losing Sales to Customer Indecision: https://hbr.org/2022/06/stop-losing-sales-to-customer-indecision

    • Dentsply Sirona: https://www.dentsplysirona.com/

    • “We happy?” Briefcase scene from Tarantino’s Pulp Fiction: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FGchDuOpbhE

    • Nupro Freedom Cordless Prophy System: https://www.dentsplysirona.com/en-us/discover/discover-by-category/preventive/hygiene-handpieces.html

    Production and marketing by https://penname.co/. For inquiries about sponsoring the podcast, email podcast@lennyrachitsky.com.

    Lenny may be an investor in the companies discussed.



    Get full access to Lenny's Newsletter at www.lennysnewsletter.com/subscribe

    Unorthodox frameworks for growing your product, career, and impact | Bangaly Kaba (YouTube, Instagram, Facebook, Instacart)

    Unorthodox frameworks for growing your product, career, and impact | Bangaly Kaba (YouTube, Instagram, Facebook, Instacart)

    Bangaly Kaba was an early growth PM at Facebook, head of growth at Instagram, and VP of Product at Instacart and is currently Director of Product at YouTube overseeing a global team working on creator monetization. Bangaly has also been a growth advisor to dozens of companies, including Twitter, on the board of multiple companies, and is an active angel investor. In our conversation, we discuss:

    • A simple framework for choosing where to work and what to work on

    • The importance of “understand work”

    • The “adjacent users” theory and how it can help you drive growth

    • Advice for coaching product managers

    • Invaluable lessons from his time at Instagram, Facebook, and YouTube

    • Much more

    Brought to you by:

    Uizard—AI-powered prototyping for visionary product leaders

    Mercury—The powerful and intuitive way for ambitious companies to bank

    Vanta—Automate compliance. Simplify security.

    Find the transcript and references at: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/frameworks-for-growing-your-career-bangaly-kaba

    Where to find Bangaly Kaba:

    • X: https://twitter.com/iambangaly

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/iambangaly/

    • Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/iambangaly/

    Where to find Lenny:

    • Newsletter: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com

    • X: https://twitter.com/lennysan

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lennyrachitsky/

    In this episode, we cover:

    (00:00) Bangaly’s background

    (06:31) Choosing where to work and what to work on

    (08:39) The impact factor

    (10:53) Evaluating the environment

    (15:53) The manager component

    (18:27) The skills part of the equation

    (23:49) Advice on finding a mentor

    (25:42) The power of “understand work”

    (31:17) Operationalizing understand work

    (37:55) Balancing understand work

    (41:25) Managing complex change

    (45:26) Effective management of product managers

    (51:35) The role of product managers as coaches and team leaders

    (54:52) Driving growth through flywheels and value proposition

    (01:03:14) Understanding adjacent users

    (01:08:41) The role of partnerships and SEO in Instagram’s early growth

    (01:16:08) The secret behind Instagram’s growth

    (01:25:37) Lessons from Facebook

    (01:29:15) Failure corner

    (01:31:58) Lightning round

    Referenced:

    • Impact = Environment x Skills: How to Make Career Decisions: https://www.reforge.com/blog/how-to-make-career-decisions

    • Thinking beyond frameworks | Casey Winters (Pinterest, Eventbrite, Airbnb, Tinder, Canva, Reddit, Grubhub): https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/thinking-beyond-frameworks-casey

    • Casey Winters’s blog: https://caseyaccidental.com/

    • Ben Thompson’s newsletter: https://stratechery.com/about/

    • Elena Verna on how B2B growth is changing, product-led growth, product-led sales, why you should go freemium not trial, what features to make free, and much more: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/elena-verna-on-why-every-company

    • George Lee on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/geolee/

    • Bangaly Kaba: The Path to 1 Billion: Lessons Learned from Growing Instagram—CXL LIVE 2018: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L9ZHlb6kj_E

    • What Is ‘Dogfooding’?: https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/14/business/dogfooding.html

    • Bloom’s taxonomy: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloom%27s_taxonomy

    • Kevin Systrom on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/kevinsystrom/

    • Mike Krieger on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/mikekrieger/

    • LeBron James: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LeBron_James

    • Kobe Bryant: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobe_Bryant

    •  Mike Krzyzewski: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mike_Krzyzewski

    • John Calipari: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Calipari

    • Stripe: https://stripe.com/

    • Chief: https://chief.com/

    • Jobs to be done framework: https://jobs-to-be-done.com/jobs-to-be-done-a-framework-for-customer-needs-c883cbf61c90

    • The Adjacent User: https://brianbalfour.com/quick-takes/the-adjacent-user

    • How the biggest consumer apps got their first 1,000 users: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/how-the-biggest-consumer-apps-got

    • Alex Zhu on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/keepsilence/

    • From Brush to Canvas with Alex Zhu of Musical.ly: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ey15v81pwII

    • Selena Gomez on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/selenagomez/

    • Kim Kardashian on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/kimkardashian/

    • Rob Andrews on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/robby-andrews-64669720/

    • Instagram’s growth speeds up as it hits 700 million users: https://techcrunch.com/2017/04/26/instagram-700-million-users/

    Range: Why Generalists Triumph in a Specialized World: https://www.amazon.com/Range-Generalists-Triumph-Specialized-World/dp/0735214484

    Deep Work: Rules for Focused Success in a Distracted World: https://www.amazon.com/Deep-Work-Focused-Success-Distracted/dp/1455586692

    Start at the End: How to Build Products That Create Change: https://www.amazon.com/Start-End-Products-Create-Change/dp/0525534423

    • Flighty app: https://www.flightyapp.com/

    • Adam Grant on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/adamgrant/

    Production and marketing by https://penname.co/. For inquiries about sponsoring the podcast, email podcast@lennyrachitsky.com.

    Lenny may be an investor in the companies discussed.



    Get full access to Lenny's Newsletter at www.lennysnewsletter.com/subscribe

    Why not asking for what you want is holding you back | Kenneth Berger (exec coach, first PM at Slack)

    Why not asking for what you want is holding you back | Kenneth Berger (exec coach, first PM at Slack)

    Kenneth Berger coaches startup leaders on how to prevent burnout, advocate for their desired lifestyle, and make a meaningful impact on the world. He’s spent more than 20 years in the tech industry, is a former founder backed by top investors, and was the first product manager at Slack. Kenneth’s core mission is to help startup leaders change the world by learning to ask for what they want, living with integrity, and building genuine relationships even with the people they find most challenging. Currently he is writing a book, Ask for What You Want, in which he aims to share his actionable strategies for creating change in the world. In our conversation, we explore:

    • Why asking for what you want is so impactful

    • Three steps to effectively ask for what you want

    • Challenges that arise when people struggle to ask for what they want

    • Why hearing “no” is a normal part of the process

    • The “dream behind the complaint” technique for uncovering desires

    • Kenneth’s experience of being fired three times from Slack

    • How embracing fear and discomfort is key to getting what you want

    • Why discipline is overrated

    Brought to you by:

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    Find the transcript at: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/ask-for-what-you-want-kenneth-berger

    Where to find Kenneth Berger:

    • X: https://twitter.com/kberger

    • Threads: https://www.threads.net/@kberger

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/kberger/

    • Website: https://kberger.com/

    Where to find Lenny:

    • Newsletter: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com

    • X: https://twitter.com/lennysan

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lennyrachitsky/

    In this episode, we cover:

    (00:00) Kenneth’s background

    (04:31) The importance of asking for what you want

    (06:36) Challenges that arise when people struggle to ask for what they want

    (08:09) A personal example of failing to ask for what you want

    (09:17) Signs this is a skill you need to work on

    (10:49) How to get better at knowing what you want

    (15:28) Why hearing “no” is a normal part of the process

    (17:29) Getting a “yes” vs. a “hell yes”

    (19:20) Step 1: Articulate what you want

    (24:07) Doing an integrity check

    (26:56) Step 2: Ask for what you want intentionally

    (30:45) Understanding your influence

    (34:48) Using complaints as inspiration

    (36:24) Internal family systems

    (38:00) Giving feedback

    (41:24) Step 3: Accept the response

    (45:22) Kenneth’s experience of being fired three times from Slack

    (57:30) Advice on being the first PM at a company or startup

    (01:04:58) Contrarian corner: anti-discipline

    (01:05:52) Lightning round

    Referenced:

    • Joining as the first product manager: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/joining-as-the-first-product-manager

    • Internal Family Systems: https://ifs-institute.com/

    • How to build deeper, more robust relationships | Carole Robin (Stanford GSB professor, “Touchy Feely”): https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/build-robust-relationships-carole-robin

    • Leaders in Tech: https://leadersintech.org/

    • The Three Realities Framework | The 15% Rule | Feedback Guidelines: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/build-robust-relationships-carole-robin

    • T-group weekends at Stanford: https://www.gsb.stanford.edu/experience/learning/leadership/interpersonal-dynamics/facilitation-training-program/intro-tgroup

    • DBT skill DEAR MAN: https://www.therapistaid.com/therapy-worksheet/dbt-dear-man

    • Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT): https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/22838-dialectical-behavior-therapy-dbt

    • Vision, conviction, and hype: How to build 0 to 1 inside a company | Mihika Kapoor (Product at Figma): https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/vision-conviction-hype-mihika-kapoor

    • Stewart Butterfield on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/butterfield/

    • How to fire people with grace, work through fear, and nurture innovation | Matt Mochary (CEO coach): https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/how-to-fire-people-with-grace-work

    Radical Candor: Be a Kick-Ass Boss Without Losing Your Humanity: https://www.amazon.com/Radical-Candor-Kick-Ass-Without-Humanity/dp/1250103509

    • Radical Candor: From theory to practice with author Kim Scott: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/radical-candor-from-theory-to-practice

    • Jonny Miller’s Nervous System Mastery course: https://nsmastery.com/lenny

    • Managing nerves, anxiety, and burnout | Jonny Miller (Nervous System Mastery): https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/managing-nerves-anxiety-and-burnout

    The 15 Commitments of Conscious Leadership: A New Paradigm for Sustainable Success: https://www.amazon.com/15-Commitments-Conscious-Leadership-Sustainable-ebook/dp/B00R3MHWUE

    Break Point on Netflix: https://www.netflix.com/title/81569920

    Living on Netflix: https://www.netflix.com/title/81582076

    • Wimbledon tennis: https://www.wimbledon.com

    • Wenshan Baozhong tea: https://redblossomtea.com/products/wenshan-baozhong?variant=31629962820

    • Tea From Taiwan: https://www.teafromtaiwan.com/

    Production and marketing by https://penname.co/. For inquiries about sponsoring the podcast, email podcast@lennyrachitsky.com.

    Lenny may be an investor in the companies discussed.



    Get full access to Lenny's Newsletter at www.lennysnewsletter.com/subscribe

    Be fundamentally different, not incrementally better | Jag Duggal (Nubank, Facebook, Google, Quantcast)

    Be fundamentally different, not incrementally better | Jag Duggal (Nubank, Facebook, Google, Quantcast)

    Jag Duggal is chief product officer at Nubank, a decacorn neobank founded in Brazil. It’s valued at over $30 billion, is bigger than Coinbase, Robinhood, Affirm, and SoFi combined, has 100 million customers (more than Bank of America!) while only operating in three countries in Latin America, and 80% to 90% of its growth comes through word of mouth. Prior to Nubank, Jag was a director of product management at Facebook, a senior vice president at Quantcast, and a product leader at Google. In our conversation, we discuss:

    • How Nubank builds a fanatical user base

    • Tactics for driving word-of-mouth growth

    • Measuring customer love through the Sean Ellis score

    • The importance of strategic clarity

    • The role of category design in creating successful products

    • Why companies should strive to be “fundamentally different,” not “incrementally better”

    • Nubank’s vision for an AI-powered banking future

    Brought to you by:

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    Find the transcript at: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/be-fundamentally-different-jag-duggal

    Where to find Jag Duggal:

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/jagduggal/

    Where to find Lenny:

    • Newsletter: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com

    • X: https://twitter.com/lennysan

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lennyrachitsky/

    In this episode, we cover:

    (00:00) Jag’s background

    (04:34) Nubank’s remarkable achievements

    (06:01) Nubank’s product development process

    (11:23) Nubank’s values

    (12:16) Building products people love fanatically

    (15:21) The Sean Ellis score

    (21:27) An example project using the Sean Ellis score

    (25:07) Picking up the phone and calling customers

    (28:20) The importance of starting small and iterating

    (30:42) Pushing back effectively

    (34:10) Uncovering pain points through customer research

    (37:53) An example of setting a clear hypothesis

    (42:01) Developing a strategy

    (52:16) “Be fundamentally different, not incrementally better”

    (53:10) Category design

    (57:37) Nubank’s founding story and goals for the future

    (01:00:46) Advice for adding new product lines

    (01:03:46) The future of fintech and banking

    (01:09:23) AI corner

    (01:12:34) Failure corner

    (01:20:24) Key takeaways

    (01:22:11) Lightning round

    Referenced:

    • Nubank: https://nubank.com.br/en/

    • Coinbase: https://www.coinbase.com/

    • Robinhood: https://www.robinhood.com/

    • SoFi: https://www.sofi.com/

    • Affirm: https://www.affirm.com/

    • Lemonade: https://www.lemfi.com/

    • Bank of America: https://www.bankofamerica.com/

    • Nubank achieves a world record with more than 7 million people participating in NuBolão in one month: https://building.nubank.com.br/nubank-achieves-world-record-with-nubolao

    • Nu México carries out first financial transaction 20 meters under the depth of the sea: https://www.bnamericas.com/en/news/nu-mexico-carries-out-first-financial-transaction-20-meters-under-the-depth-of-the-sea

    • David Vélez on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/david-v%C3%A9lez-1004875

    • Cristina Junqueira on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/crisjunqueira

    • Edward Wible on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/adamedwardwible

    • Sequoia Capital: https://www.sequoiacap.com/

    • Churrascaria: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Churrascaria

    • Nubank’s real foundation: our culture and values: https://building.nubank.com.br/nubank-culture-and-values/

    • Working Backwards Press Release Template and Example: https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/working-backwards-press-release-template-example-ian-mcallister/

    • Sean Ellis test: https://productcoalition.com/using-sean-ellis-test-for-measuring-your-product-market-fit-c8ac98053c2c

    • How to know if you’ve got product-market fit: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/how-to-know-if-youve-got-productmarket

    • Reid Hoffman on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/reidhoffman/

    • Ultravioleta: Nubank expands its premium card offer and adds new features on the product’s first anniversary: https://international.nubank.com.br/company/ultravioleta-nubank-expands-its-premium-card-offer-and-adds-new-features-on-the-products-first-anniversary/

    • Jeff Bezos: Amazon and Blue Origin | Lex Fridman Podcast #405: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DcWqzZ3I2cY

    • The Innovation Method Behind Swiffer Madness: https://www.fastcompany.com/3006797/innovation-method-behind-swiffer-madness

    • Kevin Systrom on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/kevinsystrom/

    • Good Strategy, Bad Strategy | Richard Rumelt: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/good-strategy-bad-strategy-richard

    Good Strategy/Bad Strategy: The Difference and Why It Matters: https://www.amazon.com/Good-Strategy-Bad-Difference-Matters/dp/0307886239

    The Crux: How Leaders Become Strategists: https://www.amazon.com/Crux-How-Leaders-Become-Strategists/dp/1541701240/

    • How to become a category pirate | Christopher Lochhead (author of Play Bigger, Niche Down, Category Pirates, more): https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/how-to-become-a-category-pirate-christopher

    Play Bigger: How Pirates, Dreamers, and Innovators Create and Dominate Markets: https://www.amazon.com/Play-Bigger-Dreamers-Innovators-Dominate/dp/0062407619

    Playing to Win: How Strategy Really Works: https://www.amazon.com/Playing-Win-Strategy-Really-Works/dp/142218739X

    • A framework for finding product-market fit | Todd Jackson (First Round Capital): https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/a-framework-for-finding-product-market

    • Citi: https://www.citi.com/

    • Santander Bank: https://www.santanderbank.com/

    • Fidji Sumo on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/fidjisimo/

    • Harvard Kennedy School: https://www.hks.harvard.edu/

    • Susan Wojcicki on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/susan-wojcicki-b136a99/

    • Coldplay—“Lost+” ft. Jay-Z: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PkCDRm_YRFg

    • Google Buys DoubleClick for $3.1 Billion: https://www.nytimes.com/2007/04/14/technology/14DoubleClick.html

    • Real-time bidding: https://support.google.com/authorizedbuyers/answer/6136272

    From Third World to First: The Singapore Story: 1965-2000: https://www.amazon.com/Third-World-First-Singapore-1965-2000/dp/0060197765/

    The Gilded Age on HBO: https://www.hbo.com/the-gilded-age

    • Lomi: https://lomi.com/

    • Nubank careers: https://international.nubank.com.br/careers/

    Production and marketing by https://penname.co/. For inquiries about sponsoring the podcast, email podcast@lennyrachitsky.com.

    Lenny may be an investor in the companies discussed.



    Get full access to Lenny's Newsletter at www.lennysnewsletter.com/subscribe

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