Logo
    Search

    What Do We Understand About Long COVID?

    en-usMarch 14, 2024

    Podcast Summary

    • Experience of Contracting COVID-19 despite PrecautionsDespite taking precautions, COVID-19 can lead to serious and long-lasting impacts, including loss of taste and breath, brain fog, and disability

      Even with precautions, contracting COVID-19 can have serious and long-lasting impacts. Julia Moore Vogel, a senior program director at Scripps Research, shared her experience of contracting the virus early in the pandemic. Despite taking precautions like wearing masks and only leaving her apartment for her toddler's playtime, she still contracted the virus in the apartment hallway. Her initial symptoms included losing her sense of taste and shortness of breath, which eventually led to her making a will due to fear of death. Upon returning to work, she found her brain functioning slower and her energy depleting easily. Determined to recover, she focused on doing so in the first year, but soon realized that managing her symptoms and not getting worse became her goal in the second year. By the third year, everyday tasks became challenging, leading her to identify as disabled and obtain a manual wheelchair for greater mobility. This experience highlights the unpredictability and potential severity of COVID-19, even for those who take precautions.

    • Long COVID patients continue to face challenges despite progress in other areasDespite progress in areas like methane management, long COVID patients continue to struggle with unpredictable symptoms and lack of answers.

      The use of mobility aids like wheelchairs can bring joy and inclusion in experiences that might otherwise be inaccessible. However, for long COVID patients, the pandemic continues to pose significant challenges. Despite it being four years since the pandemic was declared, new numbers from the CDC show that 6.8% of adults in the US are living with long COVID. Patients are still fighting for answers and dealing with the unpredictability of each infection. Meanwhile, companies like Chevron are taking steps towards a lower carbon future by focusing on methane management and advanced detection technologies. This underscores the importance of continuous progress and adaptation in the face of ongoing challenges.

    • Long COVID's Uncertain Impact and PrevalenceAn estimated 20 million people in the US may have long COVID, but the exact number and risk are uncertain due to varying definitions and limited surveillance systems. Vaccination reduces the risk, but the degree of protection is still debated.

      Long COVID, the debilitating condition that can develop after a COVID-19 infection, continues to pose a risk for new cases, even with increased immunity from vaccinations. The exact risk and number of people affected are uncertain due to varying definitions and limited surveillance systems. Epidemiologist Ziyad Al Ali estimates around 20 million people in the US may have long COVID, but the lack of consensus on definition and measurement criteria is slowing down research progress. Doctors are still seeing new patients with long COVID after even mild reinfections. While vaccination reduces the risk, the degree of protection is still debated. Overall, more research and consensus are needed to accurately understand and address long COVID.

    • Understanding Long COVID: Lack of Definition, Funding, and FDA-Approved TreatmentsDespite significant research efforts, there is still no widely accepted definition or accurate number of Long COVID cases, and no FDA-approved treatments exist. The need for well-designed and well-funded clinical trials to test various treatments is emphasized.

      While there have been strides in understanding Long COVID, there is still a lack of a widely accepted definition, no accurate number of cases, and no FDA-approved treatments. Researchers and patient advocates emphasize the need for well-designed and well-funded clinical trials to test different treatments. Despite significant funding from the National Institutes of Health, efforts like RECOVER have yet to deliver groundbreaking results. Long COVID can affect various organ systems, and symptoms and duration can vary greatly from person to person. Some common symptoms include fatigue, cognitive problems, and cardiovascular issues. Several theories have emerged about what might be driving the illness, including ongoing inflammation, autoimmune response, and damage to the nervous system. However, without adequate funding and a clear vision for research, progress in developing effective treatments remains limited.

    • Understanding the Complexities of Long COVIDScientists are exploring various theories for long COVID, including viral persistence, immune dysfunction, autoimmune response, gut microbiome involvement, inflammation in the vascular system, and mitochondrial problems. Despite ongoing research, funding and lack of interest from drug companies pose challenges.

      While scientists have made significant progress in understanding the complexities of long COVID in the past few years, the nature of the illness remains unclear, with various theories including viral persistence, immune dysfunction, autoimmune response, gut microbiome involvement, inflammation in the vascular system, and mitochondrial problems. The situation is further complicated by the possibility that multiple factors may be at play in different patients. Although there is ongoing research and collaboration among scientists and patients, funding and lack of interest from drug companies pose challenges. The tension lies in the fact that while scientific understanding is important, it does not provide immediate relief for those suffering from long COVID, who may face years of living with a chronic illness.

    • NPR's Consider This: Produced by a Team and Supported by SponsorsThe NPR podcast 'Consider This' is produced by a team of professionals and supported by sponsors like Integrative Therapeutics and State Farm, allowing for in-depth reporting and insightful content for listeners.

      The NPR podcast "Consider This" is produced by a team of dedicated professionals, including Brianna Scott, Scott Hensley, Courtney Dohrning, and Sammie Yenigun. The podcast is supported by sponsors like Integrative Therapeutics and State Farm, which help fund the production. The podcast covers various topics and provides in-depth reporting, as heard at the beginning of the episode. Integrative Therapeutics offers clinician-curated supplements, now available on Amazon, to help individuals unlock their best selves. State Farm, a sponsor, supports small business owners with personalized insurance policies. The team at NPR and their sponsors work together to bring insightful content to listeners.

    Recent Episodes from Consider This from NPR

    Biden tries to reassure voters after a shaky debate performance

    Biden tries to reassure voters after a shaky debate performance
    The day after a debate in which he faltered many times, President Joe Biden hit the campaign trail to try and reassure supporters that he is still up for the job and capable of beating former President Donald Trump in November.

    His performance in the CNN debate on Thursday led many Democrats to panic about his chances of winning reelection. Some commentators who have long supported Biden even called for him to step aside.

    NPR's Scott Detrow speaks with NPR Senior White House Correspondent Tamara Keith and Congressional Correspondent Deirdre Walsh about what happens next and whether Biden can quell Democrats' fears.

    For sponsor-free episodes of Consider This, sign up for Consider This+ via Apple Podcasts or at plus.npr.org.

    Email us at considerthis@npr.org.

    Learn more about sponsor message choices: podcastchoices.com/adchoices

    NPR Privacy Policy
    Consider This from NPR
    en-usJune 28, 2024

    Gun violence is getting worse. Is this the solution?

    Gun violence is getting worse. Is this the solution?
    The surgeon general's office has declared gun violence a national public health crisis.

    It's the first time the body has ever issued a public health advisory about firearms, and for Surgeon General Vivek Murthy, it's a step in reframing the conversation about death by gunfire.

    According to the CDC, more than 48,000 Americans were killed by gun violence in 2021, and over half of those deaths were by suicide.

    Learn more about sponsor message choices: podcastchoices.com/adchoices

    NPR Privacy Policy
    Consider This from NPR
    en-usJune 27, 2024

    Biden's executive actions on immigration send mixed signals

    Biden's executive actions on immigration send mixed signals
    In early June, President Joe Biden severely restricted asylum requests from migrants attempting to cross the U.S.-Mexico border without authorization.

    Two weeks later, the President struck a more welcoming tone, saying he'd protect hundreds of thousands of undocumented immigrants married to U.S. citizens.

    Immigration has become a big issue, for both parties. Policy experts say Biden hopes that in a close election year, these executive actions will sway voters to his side.

    But will that strategy pay off and how will it affect migrants?

    NPR's Adrian Florido speaks with immigration correspondent Jasmine Garsd who is reporting from the San Diego border with Mexico.

    For sponsor-free episodes of Consider This, sign up for Consider This+ via Apple Podcasts or at plus.npr.org.

    Email us at considerthis@npr.org.

    Learn more about sponsor message choices: podcastchoices.com/adchoices

    NPR Privacy Policy
    Consider This from NPR
    en-usJune 23, 2024

    The U.S. election results will reverberate around the world

    The U.S. election results will reverberate around the world
    Polls – and NPR's own reporting – tell a story of many Americans fatigued by the upcoming presidential race. They're not satisfied with the choice between two men who have both already held the office of President.

    But American allies and partners are watching the race intently, including South Korea, Japan, Ukraine and Israel. The fates of those countries are closely tied to whether Donald Trump or Joe Biden ends up sitting in the White House next year.

    The NPR correspondents who cover those countries, Anthony Kuhn in South Korea, Joanna Kakissis in Ukraine, and Daniel Estrin in Israel, discuss the stakes each of those countries have in the outcome of America's presidential election.

    For sponsor-free episodes of Consider This, sign up for Consider This+ via Apple Podcasts or at plus.npr.org.

    Email us at considerthis@npr.org.

    Learn more about sponsor message choices: podcastchoices.com/adchoices

    NPR Privacy Policy
    Consider This from NPR
    en-usJune 20, 2024

    Federal student aid still up in the air for many

    Federal student aid still up in the air for many
    This year's college application process was supposed to get easier.

    That's because last year, the U.S. Department of Education announced changes to the Free Application for Federal Student Aid, or FAFSA.

    The problems with the FAFSA form began last fall.

    And with August and September around the corner, some applicants continue to experience technical issues.

    Before this year, students would already know how much aid they're getting. But in 2024, not knowing, which is the case for many, could mean they can't go to college.

    For sponsor-free episodes of Consider This, sign up for Consider This+ via Apple Podcasts or at plus.npr.org.

    Email us at considerthis@npr.org.

    Learn more about sponsor message choices: podcastchoices.com/adchoices

    NPR Privacy Policy
    Consider This from NPR
    en-usJune 19, 2024

    And the nominee is...? Who will Trump Pick for V.P.?

    And the nominee is...? Who will Trump Pick for V.P.?
    We are just weeks away from one of the biggest political events of the election campaign season: the Republican National Convention in Milwaukee.

    Former President Donald Trump is, of course, the party's presumptive nominee, but he's yet to announce his running mate.

    The list is long, but the candidates all have one thing in common — they're being considered because they could help Trump get elected in November.

    NPR's Franco Ordoñez and Jeongyoon Han break down which candidates are rising to the top and why it matters.

    For sponsor-free episodes of Consider This, sign up for Consider This+ via Apple Podcasts or at plus.npr.org.

    Email us at considerthis@npr.org.

    Learn more about sponsor message choices: podcastchoices.com/adchoices

    NPR Privacy Policy
    Consider This from NPR
    en-usJune 18, 2024

    Related Episodes

    Two Years Later, We Still Don’t Understand Long Covid. Why?

    Two Years Later, We Still Don’t Understand Long Covid. Why?

    Depending on the data you look at, between 10 and 40 percent of people who get Covid will still have symptoms months later. For some, those symptoms will be modest. A cough, some fatigue. For others, they’ll be life-altering: Debilitating brain fog. Exhaustion. Cardiovascular problems. Blood clotting.

    This is what we call long Covid. It’s one term for a vast range of experiences, symptoms, outcomes. It’s one term that may be hiding a vast range of maladies and causes. So what do we actually know about long Covid? What don’t we know? And why don’t we know more than we do?

    Dr. Lekshmi Santhosh is an assistant professor at UCSF Medical Center, and the founder and medical director of UCSF’s long Covid and post-ICU clinic. Her clinic opened in May 2020 and was one of the first to focus on treating long Covid patients specifically. We discuss the wildly broad range of symptoms that can qualify as long Covid; the confusing overlaps between Covid symptoms and other diseases; whether age, race, sex and pre-existing conditions affect a person’s chances of contracting long Covid; why it’s so difficult to answer a seemingly simple question like, “How many people have gotten long Covid?”; what to make of a recent study that seemingly undermines the biological existence of long Covid; how worried we should be about correlations between Covid and medical disasters like heart attacks, strokes and abnormal blood clotting; and more.

    Mentioned:

    Post–COVID Conditions Among Adult COVID-19 Survivors Aged 18–64 and ≥65 Years — United States, March 2020–November 2021” by Lara Bull-Otterson, Sarah Baca1, Sharon Saydah, Tegan K. Boehmer, Stacey Adjei, Simone Gray and Aaron M. Harris

    Long COVID after breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection” by Ziyad Al-Aly, Benjamin Bowe and Yan Xie

    A Longitudinal Study of COVID-19 Sequelae and Immunity: Baseline Findings” by Michael C. Sneller, C. Jason Liang, Adriana R. Marques, et al.

    Positive Epstein–Barr virus detection in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients” by Ting Chen, Jiayi Song, Hongli Liu, Hongmei Zheng and Changzheng Chen

    Risk factors and disease profile of post-vaccination SARS-CoV-2 infection in UK users of the COVID Symptom Study app” by Michela Antonelli, Rose S. Penfold, Jordi Merino, Carole H. Sudre, Erika Molteni, Sarah Berry, et al.

    Understanding and Improving Recovery From COVID-19” by Aluko A. Hope

    Markers of Immune Activation and Inflammation in Individuals With Postacute Sequelae of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection” by Michael J. Peluso, Scott Lu, Alex F. Tang, Matthew S. Durstenfeld, et al.

    Book Recommendations:

    In Shock by Dr. Rana Awdish

    Every Deep-Drawn Breath by Wes Ely

    Mountains Beyond Mountains by Tracy Kidder

    We're hiring a researcher! You can apply here or by visiting nytimes.wd5.myworkdayjobs.com/News

    Thoughts? Guest suggestions? Email us at ezrakleinshow@nytimes.com.

    You can find transcripts (posted midday) and more episodes of “The Ezra Klein Show” at nytimes.com/ezra-klein-podcast, and you can find Ezra on Twitter @ezraklein. Book recommendations from all our guests are listed at https://www.nytimes.com/article/ezra-klein-show-book-recs.

    “The Ezra Klein Show” is produced by Annie Galvin, Jeff Geld and Rogé Karma; fact-checking by Haylee Millikan and Michelle Harris; original music by Isaac Jones; mixing by Jeff Geld; audience strategy by Shannon Busta. Our executive producer is Irene Noguchi. Special thanks to Kristin Lin, Kristina Samulewski, Dr. Ziyad Al-Aly and Lauren Nichols.

    Allergies Are Weird. So Are Cats

    Allergies Are Weird. So Are Cats
    Katie Wu is a bona fide cat person. She has two of them: twin boys named Calvin and Hobbes. Every night, they curl up in bed with her, bonking their little noses together, rubbing their fur and whiskers everywhere, and leaving behind inevitable cat residue. It's certifiably cute ... and a little bit gross.

    It's also the worst nightmare for the cat-allergic. Which, just shy of a decade ago, Katie was. In a stroke of luck, Katie's debilitating cat allergy disappeared. The reasons for her immune overhaul remain a mystery.

    Allergies can wax and wane over time, but it seems to be less common to have the night-and-day shift that Katie experienced. In this episode, Katie walks host Aaron Scott through the dynamic world of allergies and what it reveals about our immune systems. And of course, Katie's cats make cameo appearances. (encore)

    Learn more about sponsor message choices: podcastchoices.com/adchoices

    NPR Privacy Policy

    Marijuana Use During Pregnancy and While Breastfeeding: Is It Really A Big Deal?

    Marijuana Use During Pregnancy and While Breastfeeding: Is It Really A Big Deal?
    🌟 Unveiling the Untold Story: Marijuana & Pregnancy Podcast 🌿✨

    Your host is a Neontal Nurse Practitiction who dives deep into groundbreaking research on marijuana's impact during pregnancy and breastfeeding in this eye-opening podcast, proudly sponsored by Dr. Brown’s Medical. Whether you're an expecting mom, a dedicated healthcare professional, or a caring family member, this episode is your key to unlocking valuable insights. 🔍

    What are the short and long-term effects on mothers, growing fetuses, infants, children, and their journey into adulthood after prenatal exposure?

    🤰 Gain critical knowledge for moms planning pregnancy or currently pregnant.
    👶 Understand the implications for breastfeeding moms using marijuana.

    Share the knowledge, spark conversations! 🔥💬

    #MarijuanaRevelations #HealthRevolution #ParentingInsights💡 🎧🚀 #PodcastJourney #MarijuanaResearch #ParentingInsights #HealthAndWellness 🌈✨

    Dr. Brown’s Medical: https://www.drbrownsmedical.com

    Our NICU Roadmap: A Comprehensive NICU Journal: https://empoweringnicuparents.com/nicujournal/

    NICU Mama Hats: https://empoweringnicuparents.com/hats/

    NICU Milestone Cards: https://empoweringnicuparents.com/nicuproducts/

    Newborn Holiday Cards: https://empoweringnicuparents.com/shop/

    Empowering NICU Parents Show Notes: https://empoweringnicuparents.com/shownotes/

    Episode 56 Show Notes: https://empoweringnicuparents.com/episode56

    Empowering NICU Parents Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/empoweringnicuparents/

    Empowering NICU Parents FB Group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/empoweringnicuparents

    Pinterest Page: https://pin.it/36MJjmH

    CORONAVIRUS - A Contagious Impact for Economy

    CORONAVIRUS - A Contagious Impact for Economy

    The outbreak of the coronavirus in China is a major issue for the Chinese economy and to a wider extent, for the international stage. SARS syndrome linked to the coronavirus has already triggered an epidemy in 2003. Some lessons from the SARS can still be extrapolated, like the behavior of the main operators, but the global macroeconomic backdrop is very different from 2003.

    Which economic outcomes should we expect from the coronavirus for raw materials, aviation and hospitality sectors?


    Q&A by Jianwei Xu, Senior Economist, Greater China; Gary Ng, Economist, Sectorial Research, Asia; Philippe Suchet, Financial Analyst and Radek Jan, Infrastructure and Green & Sustainable Analyst.

    Ep. 3 .25 CME: Psoriatic Disease Treatment and Research Update for Pediatric Care

    Ep. 3 .25 CME: Psoriatic Disease Treatment and Research Update for Pediatric Care

    Hear Dr. Amy Paller, M.D., world renowned pediatric dermatologist at Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine and Director of the Northwestern University Skin Disease Research Center address the use of biologics in youth along with her research in Liproproteins and targeted topical delivery system using gene suppression and nanotherapy. To view disclosure information and claim credit, go to https://www.eeds.com/em/1110 . This program is supported by unrestricted educational grants from Bristol-Myers Squibb, Lilly and Ortho Dermatologics. For other CME education opportunities visit cme.psoriasis.org .