When your reach 59 ½ years old you can withdraw money from your qualified retirement plans like Thrift Savings Plan (TSP), 401k, and IRAs without paying the 10% early withdrawal penalty tax. There are some exceptions to the 10% tax penalty. In particular if your separate from service after you reach 55 years old, you can begin withdrawing from that employer’s retirement plan penalty free. And there are a just a few other exceptions to the early withdrawal penalty.
You also need to know if you make withdrawals from a ROTH IRA, ROTH TSP, or ROTH 401k, you can withdraw your contributions penalty free. But your earnings taken from the ROTH within 5 years of our first contribution will be subject to the 10% early withdrawal penalty, even if you’re over 59 1/2.
Otherwise, when you reach 59 ½, no more tax penalty. You will still owe income tax on withdrawals from regular IRA, 401k and Traditional TSP, but the penalty is behind you. If you are still working, like most people this age, you can still continue contributing to your retirement accounts including cathup contributions after age 50.
In the meantime, it's a good time to take inventory and take another look at how you envision your retirement. When would you like to stop working? Or perhaps go to part time? What will your retirement lifestyle be like? What budget will you need to support that lifestyle? Up through our fifties, most people save as much as they can, or have had a particular target amount of savings for retirement. By 60 it’s a great time to see if you are still on track or if your needs or wants have changed. It’s gets harder to make up ground as you close in on retirement, so the sooner you know if you need to make any changes the better.
While it is best to leave your retirement saving to grow, it is good to know that if you need to you can access your qualified retirement plans after 59 ½ without a tax penalty. It can act as an emergency fund allowing you to save more now if you need to. And this may be a great time to “test drive” a retirement budget. By saving more now, you will have less cash available for spending. You can see how that tighter budget might fit your lifestyle and needs in retirement. This could give you more confidence that you are on track or may push you to consider other options like working longer or part time.
Another factor to consider as your looking forward is what will you do for health insurance if you stop working before age 65 when you would be eligible for Medicare? Military retirees are covered by Tricare, including Guard and Reserve retirees over age 60. But the cost of healthcare insurance can be shocking when it is no longer sponsored and subsidized by your employer. Know your options and costs.
And lastly, if you haven’t already, open an account on the Social Security website at https://www.ssa.gov/myaccount/ . They gave great tools and online calculators to estimate your social security payments for different scenarios based on your personal earnings history at https://www.ssa.gov/benefits/calculators/
So to wrap things up,once you hit 59 1/2 you can withdraw saving from any regular IRA or 401k and Traditional TSP penalty free. You just pay the income tax. ROTH accounts are also penalty free after 59 ½ as long as it’s also been 5 years since your first contribution. But don’t withdraw your money just because you can. It’s a great time to take another closer look at your retirement pan and savings so far. Refine your budget, see if you need save more work longer. And also make a plan for healthcare and Social Security, both of which we’ll talk about in future episode.
Have a question you’d like answered on a future podcast, sent it my way to katie@moneypilotadvisor.com