hiv/aids and infectious disease

Host: Thomas C. Wright, Jr., MD

How should clinicians educate patients on recommended timing intervals for receiving pap smears based on updated guidelines? And for those patients who receive a positive HPV test, what counseling strategies and treatment pathways would be most helpful?

Joining Dr. Thomas Wright from Omnia Education's Women's Health Annual Visit in Boston, MA is Dr. Dana Gossett, Division Chief of General Obstetrics and Gynecology at Northwestern Medical Faculty Foundation and Associate Professor at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine.

Host: Matt Birnholz, MD

Antibiotic stewardship, or the responsible prescribing habits of antibiotics, is on the decline in the U.S, and the spread of multidrug resistant bacterial infections through communities has already begun to be observed. Dr. Steven Brown, staff physician at Mercy Hospital in St. Louis, MO and Medical Director of the Lung Injury Center, likens antibiotic prescription expectations by patients to that of gameshow participants, where everyone presumes to take home a "prize" of some kind by the end of the encounter. How can clinicians counteract this trend in antibiotic prescription habits, and what are the risks of ignoring this mandate for better stewardship?

The Gender, Sexuality and HIV Prevention Center at Ann & Robert H Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago is the first of its kind facilty for adolescent patients.  Host Dr. Jennifer Caudle welcoms the center's director, Dr. Robert Garofalo. Dr. Garofalo will share the center's mission of supporting multidisciplinary academic subjects including sexual health, gender, sexuality, HIV prevention and health disparities which affect adolescent and young adult populations at risk of acquiring HIV. The Center partners with similar organizations throughout the country in creating an environment where clinicians, academics and scientists can collaborate to design projects with public health significance.

Robert Garofalo, MD, MPH, is Professor of Pediatrics and Preventive Medicine at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine. He is also an Attending Physician at Lurie Children's, where he directs the Adolescent/Young Adult HIV Program. Dr. Garofalo is a national authority on LGBT health issues, adolescent sexuality, and HIV clinical care and prevention.

The Gender, Sexuality and HIV Prevention Center at Ann & Robert H Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago is the first of its kind facilty for adolescent patients.  Host Dr. Jennifer Caudle welcoms the center's director, Dr. Robert Garofalo. Dr. Garofalo will share the center's mission of supporting multidisciplinary academic subjects including sexual health, gender, sexuality, HIV prevention and health disparities which affect adolescent and young adult populations at risk of acquiring HIV. The Center partners with similar organizations throughout the country in creating an environment where clinicians, academics and scientists can collaborate to design projects with public health significance.

Robert Garofalo, MD, MPH, is Professor of Pediatrics and Preventive Medicine at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine. He is also an Attending Physician at Lurie Children's, where he directs the Adolescent/Young Adult HIV Program. Dr. Garofalo is a national authority on LGBT health issues, adolescent sexuality, and HIV clinical care and prevention.

Host: Ana Maria Rosario
Guest: David Gandell, MD

Genital herpes is a common sexually transmitted disease. However, it is also one that is commonly underrecognized and misdiagnosed. Senior reporter Ana Maria Rosario chats with Dr. David L. Gandell to discuss genital herpes, from its prevalence to presentation of symptoms, treatment options, and ongoing therapy. Of particular focus within their discussion is the importance of counseling patients through the course of diagnosis and treatment. Dr. Gandell is a Clinical Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology from the University of Rochester, Strong Memorial Hospital in Rochester, NY.

Host: Mimi Secor, DNP, FNP-BC, FAANP
Guest: Helen Carcio, NP

Mimi Secor is joined by Nurse practitioner Helen Carcio, Associate Professor in the Graduate School of Nursing at the University of Massachusetts in Amherst. Director of the Health and Continence Institute in South Deerfield, Massachusetts. Ms. Carcio trains doctors and advanced practice clinicians in how to set up community based continence centers.

Host: Linda Bernstein, Pharm.D.

In this premiere edition of The Pharmacy Report^®, host Dr. Linda Bernstein focuses on the growing threat of antimicrobial drug resistance. Top news stories include the CDC's "Threat Report 2013," and FDA drug and new indication approval updates. In this week's Movers and Shakers segment, Joseph Guglielmo, PharmD, Dean of the UCSF School of Pharmacy and a clinical pharmacist specialist in infectious disease will address antimicrobial stewardship and the role of the physician and pharmacist in these multidisciplinary programs.

References mentioned in this segment:

• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention:
  Threat Report 2013 Antibioitic Resistance Threats in the United States, 2013
  
• Antimicrobial stewardship guidelines Dellit TH, Owens RC, McGowan Jr JE, Gerding DN, Weinstein RA, Burke JP, Huskins WC, Paterson DL, Fishman NO, Carpenter CF, Brennan PJ, Billeter M, and Hooton TM. Infectious Diseases Society of America and the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America Guidelines for Developing an Institutional Program to Enhance Antimicrobial Stewardship. Clin Infect Dis. 2007 Jan 15;44(2):159-77
• IDSA REPORT: Bad Bugs, No Drugs: No ESKAPE! An Update from the Infectious Diseases Society of America Boucher HW, Talbot GH, Bradley JS, Edwards JE, Gilbert D, Rice LB, Scheld M, Spellberg B, …

Guest: Shelly Batra, MD
Host: Maurice Pickard, MD

Multidrug Resistant (MDR) Tuberculosis is a growing public health epidemic in India. Experts estimate there could easily be over 5 million cases of MDR TB at present, with each untreated patient capable of spreading the disease to 10-15 others per year. The non-profit organization Operation ASHA has expanded its role considerably over the past few years to stem this tide of TB transmission from the poorest to the most prosperous communities, bringing innovative treatment protocols right to the patients' doorsteps. Dr. Shelly Batra, president of Operation ASHA, discusses the progress being made in this increasingly global public health campaign. Hosted by Dr. Maurice Pickard.

Host: Mimi Secor, DNP, FNP-BC, FAANP
Guest: Terri Warren, NP

The CDC has recommendations when it comes to the treatment, testing and counseling of patients who may have sexually transmitted infections or at high risk of contracting an STI. There are a number of ways to test for diseases like gonnorhea, chlamidiya, and syphillis and that can be confusing for NPs and their patients. Nurse Practitioner Terri Warren with the Westover Clinic in Portland, Oregon explains to host Mimi Secor some of the most important changes recommended by the CDC to help reduce the number of sexually transmitted infections in the country especially among teens.

Guest: Norman Edelman, MD
Host: Matt Birnholz, MD
Host: Michael Greenberg, MD

We are moving closer to the height of what many feel will be an extraordinarily busy flu season, with H1N1 and the seasonal flu both central parts of the discussion. We don't know exactly how serious H1N1 will be, but we do know that it's here, that many more people could get sick, and that we have to be prepared to deal with it. Hosts Dr. Michael Greenberg and Dr. Matt Birnholz speak with Dr. Norman Edelman, chief medical officer for the American Lung Association and a professor of preventive medicine and internal medicine at the State University of New York at Stony Brook.

Dr. Birnholz and Dr. Greenberg will also give you their take on an amusing recitation of the health reform bill in the House known as HR 3200. They will also play back the winning entry in an entertaining yet informative contest to create a public service announcement on H1N1, co-sponsored by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. You won't want to miss it!

Host: Mark Nolan Hill, MD
Guest: Jeffrey Klausner, MD, MPH

Detection and treatment of HIV in the United States has improved dramatically since the peak of the epidemic here in the 1980s, but there is far more work to be done. HIV transmission is one area of heightened concern, particularly those cases spread by newly infected persons who remain undiagnosed. Though tests are available to diagnose HIV in the acute phase, many experts believe we must improve these tests to really make headway in reducing the incidence of HIV in the United States. Dr. Jeffrey Klausner, a deputy health officer and director of the STD Prevention and Control Services Section at the San Francisco Department of Public Health, joins host Dr. Mark Nolan Hill to lay out the path toward progress in detecting acute cases of HIV infection. Newer, more effective tests are available, but must be adopted around the United States, and as Dr. Klausner looks ahead, a point-of-care rapid exam, though still in development, could eventually change the paradigm for early-stage HIV detection.

Guest: Michael Gabay, PharmD, JD
Host: Charles Turck, PharmD, BCPS, BCCCP

Culled from human plasma, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is an expensive and limited resource. These constraints underscore the importance of ensuring that our clinical uses of IVIG are in line with the applications for which we have best demonstrated its efficacy. Yet IVIG has only amassed a short list of FDA-approved indications, and is often employed as an off-label therapy. In what areas is our use of IVIG best supported by the literature, and is this consistent with how the agent is most commonly used? Host Dr. Charles Turck examines these questions and more with Dr. Michael Gabay, clinical assistant professor at the University of Illinois at Chicago College of Pharmacy, where he directs the university's Drug Information Group and Prior Authorization Services.

Guest: Lorie Chaiten, JD
Host: Lauren Streicher, MD

For the past 25 years, the U.S. government has funded abstinence-only sex education in public schools.  Still, 47 percent of high school students report having had sexual intercourse and 70 percent are sexually active by age 19.  Lorie Chaiten, director of the Reproductive Rights Project for the Roger Baldwin Foundation of the ACLU of Illinois, talks with host Dr. Lauren Streicher about the implications for young people's sexual health when they are denied access to complete and accurate science-based information.

Guest: James Crowe, MD
Host: Mark Nolan Hill, MD

Preparing for the future by studying the past: With researchers now able to resurrect antibodies to the 1918 influenza pandemic from elderly survivors, how does the technology used to do this potentially lead us to antibodies for other viruses? Can we be sure this immunity is not generated by recent exposure to similar strains? Dr. James Crowe, Jr., professor of microbiology and immunology, and director of the Vanderbilt Program for Vaccine Sciences at Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, and one of the researchers leading this expansive project, explains how we are beginning to learn more about where viruses, including HIV, are most susceptible to being controlled and destroyed. Dr. Mark Nolan Hill hosts.

Guest: James Crowe, MD
Host: Mark Nolan Hill, MD

Preparing for the future by studying the past: With researchers now able to resurrect antibodies to the 1918 influenza pandemic from elderly survivors, how does the technology used to do this potentially lead us to antibodies for other viruses? Can we be sure this immunity is not generated by recent exposure to similar strains? Dr. James Crowe, Jr., professor of microbiology and immunology, and director of the Vanderbilt Program for Vaccine Sciences at Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, and one of the researchers leading this expansive project, explains how we are beginning to learn more about where viruses, including HIV, are most susceptible to being controlled and destroyed. Dr. Mark Nolan Hill hosts.

Host: Mark Nolan Hill, MD
Guest: James Crowe, MD

Ninety-plus years after the 1918 influenza pandemic, we are just beginning to understand the naturally occurring adaptive immunity of those who were in contact with this devastating virus. As researchers probe survivors of the flu pandemic, all of whom are approaching or have attained centenarian status, what are we learning about their long-lasting immunity to this virus? Can we explain why these people survived this expansive outbreak, just as relatives and friends around them perished? Dr. James Crowe, Jr., professor of microbiology and immunology, and director of the Vanderbilt Program for Vaccine Sciences at Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, and one of the researchers leading this expansive project, shares some of the tricks that his team has used to make these antibodies in this fascinating discussion with Dr. Mark Nolan Hill.

Host: Mark Nolan Hill, MD
Guest: James Crowe, MD

Ninety-plus years after the 1918 influenza pandemic, we are just beginning to understand the naturally occurring adaptive immunity of those who were in contact with this devastating virus. As researchers probe survivors of the flu pandemic, all of whom are approaching or have attained centenarian status, what are we learning about their long-lasting immunity to this virus? Can we explain why these people survived this expansive outbreak, just as relatives and friends around them perished? Dr. James Crowe, Jr., professor of microbiology and immunology, and director of the Vanderbilt Program for Vaccine Sciences at Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, and one of the researchers leading this expansive project, shares some of the tricks that his team has used to make these antibodies in this fascinating discussion with Dr. Mark Nolan Hill.

Guest: James Crowe, MD
Host: Mark Nolan Hill, MD

First published in 2005, the story of how we've come to understand the complete sequence of the 1918 pandemic influenza virus begins years ago, in a remote Alaskan village, and continues today in research across the country. What are we learning about a virus that has taken many decades to comprehend? Dr. James Crowe, Jr., professor of microbiology and immunology, and director of the Vanderbilt Program for Vaccine Sciences at Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, and one of the researchers leading this expansive project, tells host Dr. Mark Nolan Hill that antibody recognition may actually bear a strong resemblance to cognitive memory. What does Dr. Crowe mean by this? Do we know how the immune system would respond if survivors were infected with this influenza virus?

Guest: James Crowe, MD
Host: Mark Nolan Hill, MD

First published in 2005, the story of how we've come to understand the complete sequence of the 1918 pandemic influenza virus begins years ago, in a remote Alaskan village, and continues today in research across the country. What are we learning about a virus that has taken many decades to comprehend? Dr. James Crowe, Jr., professor of microbiology and immunology, and director of the Vanderbilt Program for Vaccine Sciences at Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, and one of the researchers leading this expansive project, tells host Dr. Mark Nolan Hill that antibody recognition may actually bear a strong resemblance to cognitive memory. What does Dr. Crowe mean by this? Do we know how the immune system would respond if survivors were infected with this influenza virus?

Guest: Bruce Walker, MD
Host: Leslie P. Lundt, MD

Chronic viral infections can manifest in two different ways: one group, such as Epstein-Barr virus, are immunologically contained after the acute infection. The other group, including HIV, lead to persistent viremia and progressive clinical disease.  Are there patients who are able to escape the latter without antiviral medications? The director of the Center for AIDS Research at Harvard Medical School, Dr. Bruce Walker, joins host Dr. Leslie Lundt to discuss these so-called "elite controllers."