#vaccines

AI and MRSA ... Good News!

MIT:  https://news.mit.edu/2023/using-ai-mit-researchers-identify-antibiotic-candidates-1220

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What's that? The holidays are just around the corner. Well Brett and Andy have got just the topic for discussion around the ol' dinner table. This week the guys dive into the deep end of the latest pandemic that is RSV.  In doing so we must once again venture into the dregs of society  to uncover the latest conspiracy theories and the uphill battle the latest vaccine is going to have against the ongoing infodemic. So strap in take notes and whatever you do stay away from demon babies!

Glenn Mattes' TFF Pharmaceuticals is looking to break the parenteral barrier by manufacturing biologics — mAbs and vaccines, more specifically — that can be inhaled, rather than injected.  It's a timely endeavor, and TFF's business model is a collaborative one that seeks to explore dry powder biologic options through partnership, in addition to its own pipeline. On this episode of the Business of Biotech, the veteran biopharma CEO shares the company's vision and the technology that's bringing it into focus. 

Subscribe to the #BusinessofBiotech newsletter at bioprocessonline.com/bob for more real, honest, transparent interactions with the leaders of emerging biotech. It's a once-per-month dose of insight and intel that you'll actually look forward to receiving! Check it out at bioprocessonline.com/bob!

On Thee Other Side. In this episode, we discussed post-election healing, will the Black community take the new vaccines, and Radicalized Masculinity. Our special guest, Thea Monyee,LMFT  was on FIRE!!!

We’re dipping our toes in the sea of non-communicable diseases. Join us as we venture into the surprisingly strange world of chronic kidney disease. We’ve got science, a special guest, and Snapple facts that will leave you thirsty for more. What do mangrove forests and cargo ships have to do with kidney disease in Bangladesh? Tune in to find out! And you thought only infectious diseases could be weird...silly you..
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sources 
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• https://www.mentalfloss.com/article/574564/kidney-facts
• https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/10/9/e036086
• https://www.wri.org/blog/2015/02/satellite-data-reveals-state-world-s-mangrove-forests
• https://ejatlas.org/conflict/dirty-and-dangerous-shipbreaking-in-chittagong
• https://www.dmclinicalresearch.com/5-interesting-facts-about-the-kidney/#:~:text=The%20average%20kidney%20is%20as,1%20t0%202%20million%20nephrons.
• https://www.livescience.com/52047-kidneys.html
• https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/kidney-dialysis#1

We may not all agree on side dishes or which dessert is best, but the one thing we do know: Thanksgiving and diseases go together like turkey and gravy. 

On this episode of Viral Load, we cover the diseases, both past & present, of the Thanksgiving holiday (or the last Thursday in November for the rest of the world).


Sources:
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• https://www.poison.org/articles/2014-oct/happy-and-safe-thanksgiving
• https://www.southtampaimmediatecare.com/common-ailments-around-thanksgiving.html
• https://slate.com/technology/2012/11/leptospirosis-and-pilgrims-the-wampanoag-may-have-been-killed-off-by-an-infectious-disease.html
• https://www.nationalgeographic.com/news/2015/11/151121-first-thanksgiving-pilgrims-native-americans-wampanoag-saints-and-strangers/#close
• https://www.nytimes.com/2017/11/21/us/thanksgiving-myths-fact-check.html
• https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/thanksgiving-myth-and-what-we-should-be-teaching-kids-180973655/
• https://www.nytimes.com/2020/11/17/dining/thanksgiving-native-americans.html
• https://www.stltoday.com/lifestyles/health-med-fit/coronavirus/an-inquiring-professor-wanted-to-know-what-was-thanksgiving-like-during-the-1918-spanish-flu/article_4dd5094c-e439-57ff-9e66-20eebf2017c5.html?utm_medium=social&utm_source=email&utm_campaign=user-share
• https://www.pri.org/stories/2019-01-31/european-colonization-americas-killed-10-percent-world-population-and-caused
• https://www.pbs.org/gunsgermssteel/variables/smallpox.html#:~:text=When%20the%20Europeans%20arrived%2C%20carrying,estimated%2090%25%20of%20Native%20Americans
• http://inthepastlane.com/of-plague-and-pilgrims-how-a-devastating-epidemic-shaped-the-first-thanksgiving-nov-18-2012/
• https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/jan/31/european-colonization-of-americas-helped-cause-climate-change
• https://reader.elsevier.com/reader/sd/pii/S0277379118307261?token=2068732179B4C8B10BB5F2272CDED703B1E7B1746EE3B84D4E18B2AA605D1700840BCFCDA956E6F66ABE512C7BCA52E2

Take a trip down memory road (or trail?) with us. We're discussing the disease-riddled icon computer lab mainstay, 'The Oregon Trail'
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sources

PLAY THE GAME  ***https://classicreload.com/oregon-trail.html ***

https://oregontrailcenter.org/pioneers-talk

https://apnews.com/article/24e7fbf1d0e84f05a069e8c4c3fcc78f

https://historicoregoncity.org/2019/04/02/doctors-and-diseases-on-the-oregon-trail/

https://www.henrystrobel.com/saintboniface/oregon-trail-diary.pdf

https://octa-trails.org/articles/life-and-death-on-the-oregon-trail/

https://www.kshs.org/teachers/professional/pdfs/r._rey_4th_grade_loc_2011.pdf

https://www.tor.com/2013/11/06/the-oregon-trail-diary-of-willa-porter-andy-marino/

https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=5315&context=open_access_etds

https://www.statnews.com/2017/05/11/quiz-diseases-oregon-trail/

What is the Million Death Study? How has Africa navigated COVID-19 relatively unscathed and for God’s sake can someone give us some Happy Science news? All that and more on this week’s Viral Particle mini-sode. 
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Sources 
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• https://pulitzercenter.org/reporting/their-own-hands-kibera-kenyas-largest-slum-tames-covid-19#slideshow-0
• https://www.vogue.com/article/david-avido-free-mask-kibera-nairobi-kenya-uweza
• https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/08/pandemic-appears-have-spared-africa-so-far-scientists-are-struggling-explain-why
• https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2020/09/18/913937122/kenya-braced-for-the-worst-the-worst-didnt-happen-why
• https://www.afro.who.int/health-topics/coronavirus-covid-19
• https://reliefweb.int/report/south-africa/social-environmental-factors-seen-behind-africa-s-low-covid-19-cases
• https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2020/09/25/914073217/why-the-pandemic-could-change-the-way-we-record-deaths
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Happy_Science

It's been 8 months since the first case of the virus formally known as the Novel Coronavirus was found in Wuhan China. That number has grown in 8 months to over 20 Million cases. How do we escape this warped reality that is COVID-19? The answer just might be Operation Warp Speed.
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sources 

• https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/basics/test-approve.html
• Fact sheet: explaining Operation Warp Speed. US Dept of Health and Human Services. June 2020. Accessed July 30, 2020. https://www.hhs.gov/about/news/2020/06/16/fact-sheet-explaining-operation-warp-speed.html
• O’Callaghan  KP, Blatz  AM, Offit  PA.  Developing a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine at warp speed.   JAMA. Published online July 6, 2020. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.12190
• Shah A, Marks PW, Hahn SM. Unwavering Regulatory Safeguards for COVID-19 Vaccines. JAMA. Published online August 07, 2020. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.15725
• https://www.nccn.org/patients/resources/clinical_trials/phases.aspx
• https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/science/coronavirus-vaccine-tracker.html
• https://science.sciencemag.org/content/368/6494/945?fbclid=IwAR0BIDm74Kn3bbcX5MP5eLG_zn0kjkP23dSUB0SU-eNY7LKSyaloF7d6L-E
• https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-are-seasonal-flu-vaccines-made/
• http://www.immunizedelaware.org/for-professionals/vaccine-conspiracies-and-controversies/
• https://fn.bmj.com/content/76/1/F64.full
• https://allianceforscience.cornell.edu/blog/2020/04/covid-top-10-current-conspiracy-theories/
• https://www.climatechangecommunication.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/ConspiracyTheoryHandbook.pdf
• https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/health-and-human-body/human-diseases/coronavirus-vaccine-tracker-how-they-work-latest-developments-cvd/
• https://www.marketwatch.com/story/fauci-says-public-should-temper-expectations-on-covid-19-vaccine-as-us-infections-near-5-million-2020-08-09
• https://www.thelancet.com/action/showPdf?pii=S0140-6736%2820%2931605-6
• https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/2020/05/moderna-coronavirus-vaccine-how-it-works-cvd/#close

On this week's episode Brett and Andy travel to Guinea to dive into the "little dragon from Medina" or as you may know it the Guinea Worm. They discuss how it went from pandemic to the verge of extinction and which U.S. President has made it his life's work to see the end of this intestinal terror.
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Resources



https://www.statnews.com/2016/08/26/guinea-worm-eradication-setback/

https://www.nytimes.com/2014/10/26/arts/artsspecial/jimmy-carters-fight-against-the-guinea-worm.html

http://www.deadlysins.com/guinea-worm

https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2019/10/04/767177987/the-end-of-guinea-worm-was-just-around-the-corner-not-anymore

Brett's Brain

In this week's episode Andy and Brett travel to Wuhan China to track down the world's newest deadly disease. The Coronavirus has already made the jump to the United States and the number of infected and subsequent death toll continues to rise, but just how scared should you be?
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Resources
https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/index.html

https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2020/01/21/798137962/china-tries-to-control-travel-in-and-out-of-wuhan-to-stem-coronavirus-spread

Suppression:

https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2019/country-chapters/china-and-tibet

Leaking state secrets or Saving the public? 

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK92479/

https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2020/01/21/798137962/china-tries-to-control-travel-in-and-out-of-wuhan-to-stem-coronavirus-spread

https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/index.html

https://www.cnn.com/2020/01/22/asia/wuhan-ground-zero-intl-hnk/index.html

https://www.cnn.com/2020/01/20/health/what-is-coronavirus-explained/index.html

https://www.cnn.com/2020/01/21/investing/dow-stock-market-today-coronavirus/index.html 

https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/index.html

https://www.newscientist.com/article/2231162-wuhan-coronavirus-may-have-been-transmitted-to-people-from-snakes/

On viral particle 2 Andy and Brett discuss current events and a possible shift in tracking diseases in a modern society. 

On this episode of Viral Load Andy and Brett take a trip to Brazil to chase down the Asian Tiger Mosquito and find out who or what is responsible for the increase in microcephaly. This episode will leave you feel guilty about more than just the extra calories you're spreading on your toast. 

Brett and Andy introduce their first Minisode. The first in a series of mini episodes focusing on current epidemiology events and strange disease stories from around the world. This week's episode revolves around why Christmas is the most wonderful time of the year and the gifts that keep on giving. 

On this week's Episode Brett and Andy dive back into the world of Ebola and tie in how your cell phone may be contributing to the spread of the deadly disease. 

On this week's episode Brett and Andy dive into the terrifying world of Ebola and how your cell phone could be helping to spread this deadly disease

REFERENCES

Feldmann, H., & Geisbert, T. W. (2011). Ebola haemorrhagic fever. The Lancet, 377(9768), 849-862.

Leroy, E. M., Kumulungui, B., Pourrut, X., Rouquet, P., Hassanin, A., Yaba, P., ... & Swanepoel, R. (2005). Fruit bats as reservoirs of Ebola virus. Nature, 438(7068), 575.

https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2019/11/04/774863495/this-congolese-doctor-discovered-ebola-but-never-got-credit-for-it-until-now

Gone, but not forgotten! On this episode of Viral Load, Andy and Brett explore smallpox - the first disease in humans to be kicked off the planet. From mummies to the always sane world of doomsday preppers, this episode will be sure to make you second guess that next mosquito bite!

REFERENCES

http://www.bbc.com/earth/story/20170504-there-are-diseases-hidden-in-ice-and-they-are-waking-up

https://www.nature.com/news/infectious-diseases-smallpox-watch-1.15115

https://www.sahealth.sa.gov.au/wps/wcm/connect/public+content/sa+health+internet/health+topics/health+conditions+prevention+and+treatment/infectious+diseases/smallpox/smallpox+-+including+symptoms+treatment+and+prevention

https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/02/science/mummies-smallpox-vilnius-lithuania-crypt.html

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1069029/

https://www.nationalgeographic.com/news/2016/12/mummies-smallpox-virus-dna-lithuania-health-science/#close

https://psmag.com/news/a-brief-history-of-vaccine-conspiracy-theories

https://www.history.com/news/colonists-native-americans-smallpox-blankets

On the pilot episode of Viral Load Brett and Andy discuss Siberia, Anthrax, Climate change and how when all those things collide it's bad news for all of us.

REFERENCES

National Research Council. (2011). Review of the scientific approaches used during the FBI's investigation of the 2001 anthrax letters. National Academies Press.

https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2016/08/03/488400947/anthrax-outbreak-in-russia-thought-to-be-result-of-thawing-permafrost

Revich, B. A., & Podolnaya, M. A. (2011). Thawing of permafrost may disturb historic cattle burial grounds in East Siberia. Global health action, 4(1), 8482.

Revich, B. A., & Podolnaya, M. A. (2011). Thawing of permafrost may disturb historic cattle burial grounds in East Siberia. Global health action, 4(1), 8482.

Anthrax in Siberia

“Anthrax Outbreak In Russia Thought To Be Result Of Thawing Permafrost” - NPR

https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2016/08/03/488400947/anthrax-outbreak-in-russia-thought-to-be-result-of-thawing-permafrost

“All hell breaks loose as the tundra thaws” - The Guardian

https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2017/jul/20/hell-breaks-loose-tundra-thaws-weatherwatch

“Anthrax outbreak triggered by climate change kills boy in Arctic Circle” - The Guardian

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/aug/01/anthrax-outbreak-climate-change-arctic-circle-russia

“Russia anthrax outbreak affects dozens in north Siberia” - BBC

https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-36951542

“Anthrax Outbreak in Siberia as a Harbinger of the Unfreezing of Pathogens”

http://www.diseasedaily.org/diseasedaily/article/anthrax-outbreak-siberia-harbinger-unfreezing-pathogens-81616

“Anthrax sickens 13 in western Siberia, and a thawed-out reindeer corpse may be to blame” - Washington Post

https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/morning-mix/wp/2016/07/28/anthrax-sickens-13-in-western-siberia-and-a-thawed-out-reindeer-corpse-may-be-to-blame/

“Thawing Siberian permafrost soil risks rise of anthrax and prehistoric diseases” - The Telegraph

https://www.telegraph.co.uk/global-health/climate-and-people/thawing-siberian-permafrost-soil-risks-rise-anthrax-prehistoric/

“Russian officials blame thawed reindeer carcass in anthrax outbreak” - CNN

https://www.cnn.com/2016/07/28/health/anthrax-thawed-reindeer-siberia/index.html

Pathogenic Pandora's Box

Gainer, R. (2016). Yamal and anthrax. The Canadian veterinary journal, 57(9), 985.

Houwenhuyse, S., Macke, E., Reyserhove, L., Bulteel, L., & Decaestecker, E