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    Conversation with Fareed Zakaria — The Conflict in Israel and the State of Foreign Affairs

    enOctober 12, 2023

    Podcast Summary

    • Modern banking for startups vs Disney's financial strugglesDisney may improve its financial situation by divesting cable assets and focusing on core IP

      Mercury provides modern banking solutions for startups, offering an effortless experience, control, and security without compromising precision. Disney, on the other hand, is facing pressure from activist investors, who believe the company's stock is undervalued and that it needs a more focused board. The company's debt load and past acquisitions, particularly those from News Corp, have contributed to its current struggles. To improve its financial situation, Disney may consider divesting some of its cable assets, creating a cleaner story and allowing it to focus on its standalone IP, including movies and parks.

    • Theme parks facing pressure but valuable assetsDespite underperformance, Disney and Universal's strong assets and management make them worth considering for investment. Fiduciaries must prioritize stakeholders' interests, including shareholders, employees, community, and environment, while CEOs focus on moving the stock price.

      Disney and Universal, often referred to as a duopoly in the theme park industry, have been underperforming, but are worth considering as investments due to their strong assets and management. Activist investors may try to pressure these companies, but smart management welcomes their involvement and focuses on the long-term goal of increasing the stock price. As a board member, one must act as a fiduciary for all stakeholders, considering the interests of shareholders, employees, the community, and the environment. Ultimately, CEOs make decisions based on what will move the stock price higher, but as a fiduciary, one must consider the impact on all stakeholders. In my experience, I've seen companies make tough decisions, like Eddie Bauer going bankrupt, but as a board, we prioritized the well-being of employees and the community over purely economic considerations.

    • The role of fiduciaries extends beyond shareholders and debt holdersCEOs must balance shareholder interests with those of employees, stakeholders, and the community, while the IPO market can lead to underperforming companies going public, potentially resulting in poor stock performance.

      The role of fiduciaries for companies extends beyond shareholders and debt holders to include employees, stakeholders, and the community. However, many CEOs fail to represent these interests, focusing instead on increasing stock prices in the short term. Additionally, the IPO market has become a place where companies may go public despite underperforming or having no clear business model, as private investors keep shares and do not need to raise capital through public markets. This trend has led to many IPOs trading below their offering prices, with some notable exceptions. The speaker gave examples of companies like WeWork, Instacart, and Audity, and highlighted the upcoming IPO of Birkenstock as a potential interest. Overall, the conversation underscored the importance of considering all stakeholders' interests and the potential risks of the current IPO market dynamics.

    • IPOs Underperforming, Private Markets ThriveDespite IPO underperformance, individuals can gain exposure to private markets through funds and publicly traded VC vehicles. Long-term investment strategies, like index funds, are becoming increasingly popular.

      The IPO market is experiencing a structural decline, and the private markets are increasingly where the action is for investors. The discussion highlights how some IPOs have underperformed post-IPO, with companies like Allbirds and Rent the Runway seeing significant losses since going public. Institutions and wealthy individuals have been capturing the majority of the gains, leaving fewer opportunities for individual investors. The private markets, however, offer some ways for individuals to gain exposure, such as investing in funds like Apollo or publicly traded VC vehicles. The wealthiest and largest entities continue to capture the majority of the upside, leaving individual investors with fewer opportunities to build wealth in the public markets. Companies like SpaceX, which remain private, have managed to raise significant capital and remain successful, further highlighting the trend towards private markets. Ultimately, the public markets are offering fewer opportunities for individual investors to build wealth, and the focus is shifting towards long-term investment strategies, such as index funds.

    • Maximizing returns with investment appsBetterment offers advanced tools for investors, while NerdWallet helps individuals make smarter financial decisions, leading to potential significant rewards

      For investors looking to maximize returns, Betterment's automated investment and savings app offers advanced tools, including diversified portfolios, high yield cash accounts, and tax efficient strategies. This allows your money to work hard for you, rather than just sitting idly. On the other hand, NerdWallet can help individuals make smarter financial decisions, from maximizing credit card rewards to savings accounts, enabling small victories that can lead to significant rewards in the future. Historically, the United States held significant influence in the Middle East, acting as a pivot between various client states. However, following the withdrawal of American power after the Iraq War, instability and military force became the primary means of attempting to stabilize the region. Fareed Zakaria, host of Fareed Zakaria GPS on CNN and a Washington Post columnist, discusses this shift and the current context surrounding Hamas in Israel.

    • Middle East power shift and Israel-Palestine conflictThe Middle East is experiencing a power shift, with Israel trying to make peace with Arab neighbors amidst tensions with Palestinians. Hamas' actions in Gaza may have been influenced by perceived Israeli weakness and external factors, but the region's complexity makes it hard to definitively say.

      The Middle East is undergoing a power shift, with various countries jockeying for position and trying to protect their interests. The Israelis, who have become an economic and technological powerhouse, are attempting to make peace with their Arab neighbors to counter the common threat of Iran. Netanyahu's government has been hardline towards the Palestinians, leading to deteriorating relations and increasing tensions. Hamas, sensing marginalization, recently escalated the situation in Gaza, hoping to trigger a massive Israeli reaction and gain sympathy from the Arab world. The timing of the conflict may have been influenced by Hamas' perception of Israeli weakness and division, but it's unlikely that external factors were the sole cause. The Israeli government had been focusing on constitutional push, normalizing relations with Saudi Arabia, and making the Palestinian state less viable through de facto annexations. The conflict in Gaza may have been overlooked due to these priorities. While it's impossible to definitively say that Hamas' actions were directly influenced by external events, it's clear that the Middle East is a complex and volatile region where various factors can come together to ignite conflict.

    • Terrorist Attacks in Saudi Arabia Shift Perception Towards IsraelRecent terrorist attacks in Saudi Arabia aimed at creating a rift between Riyadh and Israel have shifted perception towards Israel in the Western world, potentially reversing the trend of increasing sympathy towards the Palestinian cause. The long-term implications of these events are uncertain.

      The recent terrorist attacks in Saudi Arabia, which were aimed at creating a rift between Riyadh and Israel, seem to have been successful in the short term. Both parties have remained relatively quiet, despite public pressure and domestic concerns. The Saudis, who are eager to improve relations with Israel but also need to appease their domestic population, have been cautious in their response. The terrorist attacks have shifted public perception towards Israel in the Western world, potentially reversing the trend of increasing sympathy towards the Palestinian cause. However, the long-term implications of these events are uncertain, and it remains to be seen if this situation will lead to a significant improvement in relations between Saudi Arabia and Israel. The terrorists' strategy of evoking an outsized overreaction may have backfired, but the situation remains volatile and could explode at any moment.

    • The ongoing conflict in Gaza causes disproportionate harm to civilians, especially children and young adultsAddressing the root cause of the conflict - political rights and dignity for the people of Gaza - is crucial for finding a long-term solution

      The ongoing conflict between Israel and Palestine in Gaza is resulting in a disproportionate body count and devastating consequences for the civilian population, particularly children and young adults. The focus has shifted from the initial shock of brutality to the everyday suffering of families and communities. The speaker expresses concern that the Israeli response, driven by superior firepower, may exacerbate the situation and create more resentment. He suggests a more strategic approach, such as creating a buffer zone, to prevent future conflict. The root cause of the issue, according to the speaker, is the lack of political rights and dignity for the people of Gaza. Despite efforts to provide economic aid and development, the people of Gaza continue to yearn for self-governance and a state of their own. The speaker emphasizes the importance of addressing this central issue to find a long-term solution for the millions of people affected by the conflict.

    • Israeli victory in the conflict leaving Palestinians with diminishing prospect of a sovereign stateIsraeli-Palestinian conflict's impact on US relations with regional powers and global actors like Iran, and the role of Iran as a wildcard in Middle East instability.

      The ongoing conflict between Israel and Palestine, and the geopolitical implications of it, are part of a larger trend in a post-American Middle East where power is shifting and instability is increasing. The Israeli victory in the conflict has left the Palestinians with a diminishing prospect of their dream of a sovereign state, leading to a prolonged struggle that has negative second-order effects on US relations with regional powers and global actors like Iran. The Iranians, in particular, are a wildcard in this volatile region, and their actions could significantly impact the stability of the Middle East and the broader international order. The ongoing conflict in Ukraine is another example of the challenges to maintaining a rules-based international order, and the outcome of these conflicts will determine whether openness, stability, and order will prevail or give way to chaos and instability.

    • Waning Western Support for Ukraine's Resistance to Russian AggressionThe West's dwindling support and resources for Ukraine's resistance against Russian aggression raises concerns about the country's ability to continue resisting. A potential solution could be using frozen Russian funds to aid Ukraine, signaling to Russia that they cannot outlast the West.

      The ongoing conflict in Ukraine is facing challenges due to waning support and resources from the West, leading to concerns about Ukraine's ability to continue resisting Russian aggression. The election of pro-Russian leaders in Europe and the quarrels over Ukrainian aid are signs of this fatigue. However, a potential solution could be tapping the frozen Russian funds from their central bank, estimated to be around $320 billion, to provide reconstruction and reparation aid to Ukraine. This not only gives Ukraine financial support but also sends a message to Russia that they cannot outlast the West. The invasion of Iraq is seen as a significant geopolitical mistake of the last 50 years, and the ongoing hesitance in the Middle East could be a result of this experience. The resources expended and the wariness towards hot surfaces in the region may lead to a vacuum that could have serious consequences in the future.

    • US response to 9/11: From dominance to quagmiresRecognizing complex geopolitical dynamics and avoiding military interventions could lead to more productive US relationships.

      The US response to the 9/11 attacks represented a shift from a period of American dominance to a wounded giant lashing out in military conflicts. This mistake led to quagmires in places like Afghanistan and a misreading of how to handle these situations as foreigners. However, the speaker also argues that Saudi Arabia's Crown Prince Mohammad bin Salman (MBS) could be a significant asset for the West due to his modernization efforts along western lines, despite his human rights issues. The US could benefit from recognizing this potential alliance, particularly in areas like oil pricing and economic openness. Overall, understanding the complex geopolitical dynamics and avoiding military interventions could lead to more productive relationships for the US.

    • US Political Instability: Swing States in Global Power StruggleThe US, economically powerful yet politically unstable, could see significant global implications from the outcome of the 2020 elections, particularly in key states, as the world power struggle between China and the EU unfolds.

      The United States, despite its economic dominance in technology, industries of the future, banking, demographics, energy production, and immigration, faces political instability. Saudi Arabia and India are key swing states in the global power struggle between China and the EU, with the outcome of the US elections, particularly in a few key states, having significant geopolitical implications. The Republican party's potential return to isolationist roots could lead to a significant withdrawal of America from the world, potentially causing disorder. The mismatch between America's economic strength and political instability is a significant concern.

    • The importance of a fair and lawful immigration systemMaintain a rational immigration policy to bring in skilled workers and individuals, while addressing illegal border crossings fairly.

      Having a rational and lawful immigration system is crucial for bringing in skilled workers and individuals with drive, while also addressing the issue of those crossing the border illegally. The speaker expresses concern about the current situation, as it can appear that the law is not being enforced fairly. Regarding politics, there is optimism that America will prevail, but uncertainty about the Democratic nomination and potential succession. Personal advice to younger parents includes spending quality time with children, being a role model through actions, and not being too proud or worried. Overall, the conversation touched on various topics, from immigration and politics to family and parenting.

    • Navigating Career and Prioritizing Well-Being in a Changing WorldStay agile in your career, adjust to new media trends, prioritize wide reach and impact, and maintain self-care and wellness.

      Success and progress are not linear, and it's important to maintain perspective and adapt to changing times. Fareed Zakaria, a renowned journalist, author, and CNN host, emphasized the importance of staying agile in one's career and adjusting to new media trends. He shared his experience with CNN, which is facing the innovator's dilemma as it transitions from cable to streaming and digital platforms. Zakaria values having a wide reach and maximum impact over making the most money, and he sees CNN as an essential global media brand due to its open accessibility. He also emphasized the importance of self-care and wellness, which goes beyond just personal indulgences and includes taking care of others and maintaining a productive and prosperous life. Overall, Fareed Zakaria's insights offer valuable lessons for anyone looking to navigate their career and prioritize their well-being in an ever-changing world.

    • Relationships and Sweat Matter in Wellness JourneyBuilding strong relationships and communicating openly about struggles can deepen connections and provide valuable support in the journey towards wellness, alongside personal efforts like eating clean and exercising.

      Wellness, or finding happiness and rebounding from difficult times, is not just about personal efforts like eating clean, exercising, or even using apps and candles for relaxation. It's also about building and maintaining strong relationships. Being vulnerable and open with friends about struggles can help deepen connections and provide valuable support and advice. So, while taking care of yourself is important, don't forget the power of relationships and communication in your journey towards wellness. As the speaker shared, "relationships and sweat" are more essential than candles or apps. This episode was produced by Caroline Shagrin, with Jennifer Sanchez as associate producer and Drew Burrows as technical director. Listen to more episodes on the Prop G pod from the Vox Media Podcast Network.

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