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    What's the Iran strategy? - with Nadav Eyal and Matt Levitt

    enAugust 09, 2024
    What is the current mood in Israel regarding potential attacks?
    How is Iran using psychological tactics against Israel?
    What preparations is Israel making for possible conflict?
    What has historically guided Israel's approach to defense?
    How does the U.S. support Israel in this situation?

    Podcast Summary

    • Israeli-Iranian tensionIsraelis anxiously prepare for potential attacks from Iran and Hezbollah, but it's unclear if either country has a long-term strategy beyond escalation

      Both Israel and the US seem to lack a clear and effective strategy to deal with Iran's aggressive actions and exportation of revolution in the Middle East. The ongoing tension between Israel and Iran, along with the involvement of Hezbollah, has left Israelis anxious and bracing for potential attacks. The mood in Israel is described as extremely anxious, with people preparing for a possible coordinated attack from both Iran and Hezbollah. The waiting period for an attack is being used as psychological warfare by Iran and Hezbollah, and there is a sense of uncertainty and fear within Israeli society. Despite this, Israel remains dedicated to being preemptive and first in action, much like the lead-up to the 1967 Six Days War. It's unclear if either country has a long-term strategy beyond the escalatory ladder, leaving the region in a state of instability.

    • Israel-Iran conflictTensions between Israel, Iran, and their allies Hezbollah and Hamas are high, with potential for preemptive strikes and larger conflict involving the US, Russia, China, and Europe.

      The situation between Israel, Iran, Hezbollah, and other involved parties is complex and tense, with the potential for escalating conflict. The players include Israel, Iran, Hezbollah, Hamas, the US, Russia, China, and the Europeans. Russia is more involved than China, providing military support to Iran and urging caution. China has economic interests but is not providing military support. The Europeans have a role to play in Lebanon, potentially influencing Hezbollah's actions. The situation is uncertain, with the potential for preemptive strikes, civilian casualties, and a larger conflict. The parties involved are anxious, and the outcome is uncertain. The situation is volatile and could lead to a larger conflict if not handled carefully.

    • Hezbollah-Iran relationship complexitiesHezbollah's interests and forward-leaning approach may conflict with Iran's cautious stance, leading to potential divergence in actions and unintended consequences.

      The relationship between Hezbollah and Iran is more complex than a simple proxy dynamic. While Hezbollah is a proxy of Iran, it has its own agenda and political survival interests. Currently, there's a tension between Hezbollah's forward-leaning approach to respond to Israel and Iran's more cautious stance due to international pressure. This dynamic can lead to a potential divergence in their actions. Additionally, the aftermath of a military strike, such as the assassination of a high-ranking Hezbollah official, could have unintended consequences and escalate the situation beyond the intended response. Israel's message to Hezbollah and Iran is clear: avoid targeting civilians to prevent a full-blown war.

    • Israeli-Iranian tensionsIsrael is bracing for potential attacks from Iran and its proxies, utilizing intelligence and tech to prevent infiltration, with a measured response if limited targets are involved, while avoiding a larger conflict if possible.

      Israel is preparing for potential attacks from Iran and its proxies, particularly in the eastern border areas. Israel's intelligence and technology are crucial for preempting any infiltration attempts. A ground incursion or raid from Hezbollah or Iranian-backed militias is a possibility. Israel's response would depend on the nature and scale of the attack, with a measured response likely if the target is limited. The Israeli military is preparing for a potential war with Iran, but there's a desire to avoid a regional war. The October 2019 Israeli cabinet decision to reject a preemptive strike against Hezbollah illustrates the Israeli government's caution and reluctance to engage in a full-scale conflict.

    • Israel's decision not to strike HezbollahIsrael's decision not to strike Hezbollah in 2008 remains contentious. Debates centered around potential benefits of surprising Hezbollah and weakening their military capabilities vs focusing on defeating more powerful enemies first. Israel's strategy to avoid regional wars due to limited alliances and resources is a factor.

      The decision not to preemptively strike Hezbollah in 2008, as debated among Israeli military and political figures, remains a contentious topic. Some argue that Israel could have caught Hezbollah off guard and significantly weakened their military capabilities, potentially changing the Middle East. Others believe that Israel should have focused on defeating the more powerful enemy first, and that a war with both Hamas and Hezbollah would have been disastrous. Israel's strategy has always been to avoid regional wars due to its limited military alliances and resources. The capability for Israel to handle a war with Hezbollah or Iran alone is debatable, with potential consequences including significant casualties and damage to infrastructure. The ongoing tension between Israel and its neighbors continues to be a complex and delicate issue.

    • Israeli-Hezbollah tensionsTensions between Israel and Hezbollah, fueled by Iranian involvement, could lead to a potentially volatile conflict with uncertain U.S. involvement.

      The current tension between Israel and its adversaries, including Hezbollah and Iran, could lead to a potential conflict. Israel is prepared to defend itself and may take offensive actions if necessary. The involvement of the United States is uncertain, as Israel has historically handled its own defense, but the U.S. has provided support in the form of naval assets and additional air fighters. The situation is complex, with various factions within Hamas vying for power and Iran and Hezbollah potentially seeking to escalate the conflict. Hamas' desire for a regional war and Iran's involvement could make the situation more volatile. The outcome is uncertain, but the potential for a significant conflict remains.

    • Harris administration's Israel policyThe Harris administration may prioritize Democratic coalition over unwavering Israel support, potentially leading to increased Middle East tensions

      The Harris administration may represent a significant shift in U.S. policy towards Israel compared to the Biden administration. The speaker expresses concerns over Harris's apparent sensitivity to Democratic and UN opinions, her handling of the Josh Shapiro vice presidential selection, and her response to pro-Hamas activists at a rally. These incidents, along with Harris's past political positions, suggest that she may prioritize keeping the Democratic coalition together over unwavering support for Israel. This could be perceived negatively by those who do not have Israel's best interests in mind, potentially leading to increased tensions in the Middle East. However, it's important to note that the Harris administration is still in its early stages, and there's time for course correction.

    • Israel-US strategies towards IranIsrael's strategy to prevent Iran from obtaining nuclear weapons and limit its proxies contrasts with US's unclear approach, leaving Israel uncertain about US commitment to the region.

      Israel and the US have different strategies when it comes to dealing with Iran in the Middle East. Israel's strategy is focused on buying time and preventing Iran from obtaining nuclear weapons, while limiting and confronting its proxies across the region. However, Israel has not been successful in completely achieving these goals due to its limited power. The US, on the other hand, seems to lack a clear strategy to confront Iran, with some wishful thinking that normalization between Israel and Saudi Arabia will tackle Iranian influence. The US withdrawal from the JCPOA and its subsequent actions in the region have left Israel and its Middle Eastern allies questioning the US commitment to the region. Ultimately, the lack of a clear strategy from the US could potentially harm Israel's interests in the long run.

    • Iranian threat to Middle EastThe Iranian threat to the Middle East is complex and multifaceted, with inconsistent US approaches leading to a power vacuum filled by Iran's proxy networks, making the situation increasingly volatile, despite potential efforts for normalization and progress towards Palestinian self-governance in Gaza.

      The Iranian threat to the Middle East and the Near East is complex and multifaceted, and the United States' approach to dealing with it has been inconsistent. The nuclear issue has taken center stage, but other malign activities have been largely ignored, leading to a power vacuum that Iran has filled through its proxy networks. The lack of a consistent policy and bipartisan agreement on the issue makes it challenging for the US to effectively address the problem. The Iranians have publicly stated that they will respond to any aggression against them or their proxies, making the situation increasingly volatile. The next three months of the Biden administration may see efforts to normalize relations and push for some type of deal, which could potentially lead to progress towards Palestinian self-governance in Gaza and unite moderates against the shared threat from Iran. However, the situation remains uncertain and could change rapidly depending on events in the region.

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