Join Wes and Scott for a hasty episode of Syntax as they unpack the power of middleware for developers, covering caching, authentication, A/B testing, error handling, and user redirection in a quick, punchy rundown to supercharge your backend skills!

Show Notes

• 00:00 Welcome to Syntax!
• 00:41 Syntax on YouTube.
• 01:28 What is middleware?
• 05:04 Some real-world examples of middleware.
  • 05:10 Authentication.
  • 07:44 Redirecting users to a specific instance.
  • 08:28 Logging + statistics.
  • 09:41 Debugging.
  • 10:00 Timers.
  • 10:46 A/B testing.
  • 11:59 Error handling + logging.
  • 12:23 Caching.
  • 13:02 Multi-tenant applications.
• 15:08 Where does it run?
• 18:07 What are the limitations?
• 21:52 Next.js middleware is one file only.
• NextJS Middleware
• 23:35 Sveltekit solution.
• Sveltekit Hooks
• 24:31 Connect style.
• Fastify Express
• Fastify Middle
• 25:28 One last thing, NPM Installing.

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In this episode of Syntax, Wes and Scott talk about JavaScript runtimes available to use, what to consider, and packages to use.

Show Notes

• 00:10 Welcome
• 01:00 Scott’s glasses
• 03:46 All the runtimes
• Bun — A fast all-in-one JavaScript runtime
• Edge Functions Supabase Docs
• Edge Functions Netlify Docs
• Deno — A modern runtime for JavaScript and TypeScript
• Fast and low overhead web framework, for Node.js | Fastify
• What Is Edge Computing? Alibaba
• 05:15 A note for anyone new to JavaScript
• 08:40 Winter CG
• WinterCG
• 11:05 Fetch
• sindresorhus/ky: JavaScript HTTP client based on the browser Fetch API
• website/src/routes/shows/+page.svelte
• 14:53 URL
• 20:02 addEVentListener
• whatwg/fs · Issue #5 · wintercg/proposal-common-minimum-api · GitHub
• 22:53 Web streams
• Web Streams Explained — Syntax Podcast 587
• 26:03 Structured Clone
• Structured JSON | Worker Tools
• 33:43 What does JSON 5 do?
• 34:48 Markdown flavors
• 36:46 File
• 40:32 AbortController and AbortSignal
• DOM Standard
• DOM Standard
• 42:45 Packages for building
• linkedom - npm
• 44:05 Honking the Hono.dev
• Itty Router
• Itty Dev
• Hono.dev
• 55:25 SIIIIICK ××× PIIIICKS ×××

××× SIIIIICK ××× PIIIICKS ×××

• Scott: Macro Factor
• Wes: CRP Products

Shameless Plugs

• Scott: Sentry
• Wes: Wes Bos Tutorials

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• Wes Bos on Bluesky
• Scott on Bluesky
• Syntax on Bluesky

In this episode of Syntax, Wes and Scott try to stump each other with questions about JavaScript, HTTP status error codes, memory safety, and a bit of web history thrown in.

Show Notes

• 00:11:07 Welcome
• Displaced Gamers
• 00:46:00 In which year was JavaScript introduced?
• 02:59:16 What status code is returned by server when a resource isn’t found?
• 03:32:00 Which http status code indicates the client must authenticate itself?
• 04:34:17 What is a pseudo class and give an example?
• 05:15:11 What JavaScript function allows you to delay the execution of a function?
• 06:02:06 Who first proposed using separate style sheet language for the web?
• 08:08:14 Which of the following statements about JavaScript strict are true?
• 08:50:11 What is event driven programming in Node.js?
• 10:26:08 In GraphQL, how do you mark a field as deprecated?
• 10:47:24 How does xHTML differ from HTML?
• 11:48:21 Which of the following statements is true about objects in JavaScript?
• 13:20:19 What is a type erase in TypeScript?
• 14:21:23 In TypeScript which syntax can be used to define a user defined type guard?
• 16:02:12 What is a closure in JavaScript?
• 17:40:00 Which node.js module provides asynchronus file I/O?
• 18:54:08 What does memory safety mean?
• 21:57:11 What does http2 introduce to improve speed?
• 23:58:05 What are strategies for optimizing HTML5 video?
• 26:28:11 Which of the following is not a correct way to create a new object?
• 28:13:20 What is the difference between function declaration and function expression?
• 30:49:11 What is the value of this inside an arrow function defined in a non-arrow function?
• 31:22:11 What is a type guard?
• 33:03:11 What is the order of execution in JavaScript?
• 35:11:01 Which version of ecmascript was scrapped?
• 39:41:00 What is the result of the following comparison in JavaScript?
• 41:37:21 What were the major criticisms of CSS in it’s early days?
• 46:48:10 SIIIIICK ××× PIIIICKS ×××

××× SIIIIICK ××× PIIIICKS ×××

• Scott: Projector
• Wes: USB plug

Shameless Plugs

• Scott: Sentry
• Wes: Wes Bos Tutorials

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• Scott on Bluesky
• Syntax on Bluesky

In this Hasty Treat, Scott and Wes talk about AsyncLocalStorage, why more frameworks aren’t using it yet, some examples, as well as some footguns.

Show Notes

• 00:22 Welcome
• 01:44 What is AsyncLocalStorage?
• 03:14 What is context?
• 07:49 Why aren’t more frameworks using AsyncLocalStorage for context for middleware?
• 10:16 Examples of usage
• 14:20 Footguns

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• Syntax on Bluesky

In this Hasty Treat, Scott and Wes talk about the changes announced by Deno and their thoughts on the changes.

Linode - Sponsor

Whether you’re working on a personal project or managing enterprise infrastructure, you deserve simple, affordable, and accessible cloud computing solutions that allow you to take your project to the next level. Simplify your cloud infrastructure with Linode’s Linux virtual machines and develop, deploy, and scale your modern applications faster and easier. Get started on Linode today with a $100 in free credit for listeners of Syntax. You can find all the details at linode.com/syntax. Linode has 11 global data centers and provides 24/7/365 human support with no tiers or hand-offs regardless of your plan size. In addition to shared and dedicated compute instances, you can use your $100 in credit on S3-compatible object storage, Managed Kubernetes, and more. Visit linode.com/syntax and click on the “Create Free Account” button to get started.

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LogRocket lets you replay what users do on your site, helping you reproduce bugs and fix issues faster. It’s an exception tracker, a session re-player and a performance monitor. Get 14 days free at logrocket.com/syntax.

Show Notes

• 00:24 Welcome
• 01:37 Sponsor: LogRocket
• 02:34 Sponsor: Linode
• 03:18 Standing and getting mic’d
• 04:20 What is Deno?
• Deno Changes
• 07:13 What were they doing before this?
• How could we support typescript without vendoring it?
• 21:22 Enterprise support and search

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In this Hasty Treat, Scott and Wes talk about getting SSL certificates set up between your hosting, Cloudflare, and other web apps you may use.

Prismic - Sponsor

Prismic is a Headless CMS that makes it easy to build website pages as a set of components. Break pages into sections of components using React, Vue, or whatever you like. Make corresponding Slices in Prismic. Start building pages dynamically in minutes. Get started at prismic.io/syntax.

LogRocket - Sponsor

LogRocket lets you replay what users do on your site, helping you reproduce bugs and fix issues faster. It’s an exception tracker, a session re-player and a performance monitor. Get 14 days free at logrocket.com/syntax.

Show Notes

• 00:21 Welcome
• 01:13 Sponsor: LogRocket
• 02:06 Sponsor: Prismic
• 03:23 Wes’ story of SSL
• Render
• 05:43 How LetsEncrypt works
• LetsEncrypt
• 08:32 What is Cloudflare?
• Cloudflare
• 10:33 The problem Wes ran into
• 12:27 Support is tricky
• 13:54 What is Cloudapp?
• Cloudapp
• Vercel
• 15:34 Two SSL Certs are needed
• 16:41 First solution
• 17:36 Second solution
• 22:36 What about A Records?

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In this Hasty Treat, Scott and Wes talk about new proposed features coming to JavaScript in 2022.

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Magic Bell is the The notification inbox for your product. Add a MagicBell to your product for announcements, billing, workflow, and other notifications. The free plan supports up to 100 Monthly Active Users - use the coupon code SYNTAXFM for 10% off the first 12 months.

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If you want to know what’s happening with your code, track errors and monitor performance with Sentry. Sentry’s Application Monitoring platform helps developers see performance issues, fix errors faster, and optimize their code health. Cut your time on error resolution from hours to minutes. It works with any language and integrates with dozens of other services. Syntax listeners new to Sentry can get two months for free by visiting Sentry.io and using the coupon code TASTYTREAT during sign up.

Show Notes

• 00:23 Welcome
• 01:25 Sponsor: MagicBell
• 02:50 Sponsor: Sentry
• 04:20 Weird audio tics
• 05:19 Fetch in Node.js
• 09:54 URL imports in Node.js
• 11:41 JSON Modules
• 15:01 Node in import url scheme
• 17:30 Pipeline Operator
• 21:21 Reversible String Split
• 23:56 JavaScript Module Blocks
• 25:22 String.cooked
• 26:34 BigInts Math

URL imports in Node.js

• @MylesBorins

• Pipeline Operator

• String.cooked

• BigInts Math

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In this Hasty Treat, Scott and Wes talk about the pros and cons of JavaScript servers, Serverless, and Cloudflare Workers.

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Linode - Sponsor

Whether you’re working on a personal project or managing enterprise infrastructure, you deserve simple, affordable, and accessible cloud computing solutions that allow you to take your project to the next level. Simplify your cloud infrastructure with Linode’s Linux virtual machines and develop, deploy, and scale your modern applications faster and easier. Get started on Linode today with a $100 in free credit for listeners of Syntax. You can find all the details at linode.com/syntax. Linode has 11 global data centers and provides 24/7/365 human support with no tiers or hand-offs regardless of your plan size. In addition to shared and dedicated compute instances, you can use your $100 in credit on S3-compatible object storage, Managed Kubernetes, and more. Visit linode.com/syntax and click on the “Create Free Account” button to get started.

Show Notes

• 00:26:13 Welcome
• 01:12:15 Sponsor: Hashnode
• 02:27:10 Sponsor: Linode
• 03:30:09 Topic introduction
• Netlify Functions
• Fastify
• AWS Lambda
• 09:46:02 Hosted Linux servers
• 13:41:11 Serverless functions
• MongoDB
• SvelteKit
• 16:34:02 Connecting to a database in serverless
• 20:14:14 Cloudflare Workers
• Cloudflare Workers
• Works with Workers
• 25:39:09 What do we recommend?
• Render.com

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In this episode of Syntax, Scott and Wes talk with Anth Rogan about JavaScript and hardware - from cars, to factories, and the internet.

Bryntum - Sponsor

Bryntum’s suite of web components help developers quickly add powerful project and resource scheduling capabilities to their React, Angular, Vue or vanilla JS apps. The SDKs include extensive API docs and plenty of examples. Try them online at bryntum.com/examples/gantt or bryntum.com/examples/scheduler-pro. Visit Bryntum.com/syntax for a 45-day free trial.

Logrocket - Sponsor

LogRocket lets you replay what users do on your site, helping you reproduce bugs and fix issues faster. It's an exception tracker, a session re-player and a performance monitor. Get 14 days free at logrocket.com/syntax.

Linode - Sponsor

Whether you’re working on a personal project or managing enterprise infrastructure, you deserve simple, affordable, and accessible cloud computing solutions that allow you to take your project to the next level. Simplify your cloud infrastructure with Linode’s Linux virtual machines and develop, deploy, and scale your modern applications faster and easier. Get started on Linode today with a $100 in free credit for listeners of Syntax. You can find all the details at linode.com/syntax. Linode has 11 global data centers and provides 24/7/365 human support with no tiers or hand-offs regardless of your plan size. In addition to shared and dedicated compute instances, you can use your $100 in credit on S3-compatible object storage, Managed Kubernetes, and more. Visit linode.com/syntax and click on the “Create Free Account” button to get started.

Show Notes

• 01:02 Guest introductions
• Anth Rogan on LinkedIn
• 05:44 What kinds of things did you work on at Nissan?
• 09:02 Why are car head units based in the past?
• 11:35 What are cars running for UI?
• 14:04 What are PLC's?
• 17:02 What kinds of regulations exist for automotive software?
• 22:28 Sponsor: LogRocket
• 23:03 Deeper look at PLC's
• 26:56 What's Node-RED?
• Node-RED
• 29:37 JavaScript is popular in industry? What else is used?
• 31:06 Sponsor: Brymtum Products
• 32:57 How do you learn about this tech?
• PLC Subreddit
• 35:24 What were you doing with Nissan head units?
• OBD2 Scanner
• 37:15 Web bluetooth API research
• 39:13 What's MQTT?
• MQTT
• 41:29 Sponsor: Linode
• 42:14 Using IoT and machine learning to find issues
• 46:53 New opportunities in industry tech coming
• 52:40 Cottage IoT dreams
• 56:27 Relaxing in Minecraft
• 57:42 Sick Picks - Anth
• 58:38 Sick Pick - Scott
• 59:49 Sick Pick - Wes
• 02:12 Shameless plugs

××× SIIIIICK ××× PIIIICKS ×××

• Scott: Spotless for macOS
• Wes: Wago Lever Nuts
• Anth: Daily.dev

Shameless Plugs

• Scott: Astro Course - Sign up for the year and save 50%!
• Wes: All Courses - Black Friday sale!

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In this Hasty Treat, Scott and Wes talk about environment variables — what they are, where you should keep them, and more!

Sanity - Sponsor

Sanity.io is a real-time headless CMS with a fully customizable Content Studio built in React. Get a Sanity powered site up and running in minutes at sanity.io/create. Get an awesome supercharged free developer plan on sanity.io/syntax.

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If you want to know what’s happening with your code, track errors and monitor performance with Sentry. Sentry’s Application Monitoring platform helps developers see performance issues, fix errors faster, and optimize their code health. Cut your time on error resolution from hours to minutes. It works with any language and integrates with dozens of other services. Syntax listeners new to Sentry can get two months for free by visiting Sentry.io and using the coupon code TASTYTREAT during sign up.

Show Notes

03:54 - What are they?

• API Keys
• Secrets
• Database URLs
• NODE_ENV

06:16 - Type of env variables

• Plain text
• Encrypted
• Frontend
• Backend
• .env files
  • .env is a good package for all langs
  • .env.local
• Framework env variables
• System env variables
• Host-provided variables

16:20 - Where should you keep them?

• 1Password
• 1Password CLI

17:34 - Other gotchas

• Netlify Limit is 4096
• Netlify needs a clear cache before it works
• THING=yo node index.js
• cross-env
• NODE_OPTIONS="–inspect"
• Require before run

Links

• Digital Ocean App Platform
• Render
• Vercel
• Netlify

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In this episode of Syntax, Scott and Wes talk with Brian Leroux about severless, Deno, Typescript, and more!

Netlify - Sponsor

Netlify is the best way to deploy and host a front-end website. All the features developers need right out of the box: Global CDN, Continuous Deployment, one click HTTPS and more. Hit up netlify.com/syntax for more info.

Sentry - Sponsor

If you want to know what’s happening with your errors, track them with Sentry. Sentry is open-source error tracking that helps developers monitor and fix crashes in real time. Cut your time on error resolution from five hours to five minutes. It works with any language and integrates with dozens of other services. Syntax listeners can get two months for free by visiting Sentry.io and using the coupon code “tastytreat”.

Guests

• Brian Leroux

Show Notes

02:17 - What’s your background?

06:18 - What is serverless? Why is serverless so awesome?

14:07 - What changes from moving from an existing app to a new app?

16:15 - What is a cold start?

17:46 - What languages are suitable for serverless?

19:14 - What do you think about Deno?

24:23 - How does Architect work?

31:14 - What do you think about Typescript?

40:35 - Do you think websites should work without JavaScript?

44:51 - What about sharing code?

Links

• Begin
• Architect
• Scott Tries Begin
• Lambda
• https://alephjs.org/
• Deno
• Typescript
• Digital Ocean
• Azure
• Remix
• Svelte
• Puppeteer
• Yumda
• DynamoDB

××× SIIIIICK ××× PIIIICKS ×××

• Brian: Begin Fingerprinting
• Scott: Been Here For Too Long
• Wes: Grabber Tool

Shameless Plugs

• Brian: Begin Proxy
• Scott: All Courses - Sign up for the year and save 25%!
• Wes: All Courses - Use the coupon code ‘Syntax’ for $10 off!

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In this Hasty Treat, Scott and Wes talk about modules in Node — what are they, how they’re different from browser modules, and more!

Sentry - Sponsor

If you want to know what’s happening with your errors, track them with Sentry. Sentry is open-source error tracking that helps developers monitor and fix crashes in real time. Cut your time on error resolution from five hours to five minutes. It works with any language and integrates with dozens of other services. Syntax listeners can get two months for free by visiting Sentry.io and using the coupon code “tastytreat”.

Show Notes

3:06 - How were they done before?

5:11 - How do they work?

7:07 - How to use Modules in Node

9:57 - Gotchas

13:18 - What should you use?

Links

• Node
• Node Modules
• Babel
• ESM
• Meteor
• Keystone
• MJS

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In this Hasty Treat, Wes teaches Scott about Keystone.js — best practices, things to avoid, why you should check it out, and more!

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Get a 30 day free trial of Freshbooks at freshbooks.com/syntax and put SYNTAX in the “How did you hear about us?” section.

Show Notes

3:10 - What is Keystone?

7:38 - How do you handle mutations?

14:26 - What’s the hosting situation like?

19:34 - Shortcomings

21:40 - Plugins

Links

• KeystoneJS
• Prisma
• Hasura
• Next.js
• GraphQL
• Stripe API
• WordPress
• ThinkMail
• Drupal
• Redux
• Now
• MongoDB
• MongoDB Compass
• pm2
• TypeScript
• Apollo Helpers
• GraphCool

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In this episode, Scott and Wes are trying something new! It’s called Practical, in which Scott and Wes take a topic and flesh out all the theory into something super practical. Today’s topic comes from a listener question asking how they would build a simple version of a modern web app like Twitter, Reddit, or Airbnb.

Netlify - Sponsor

Netlify is the best way to deploy and host a front-end website. All the features developers need right out of the box: Global CDN, Continuous Deployment, one click HTTPS and more. Hit up netlify.com/syntax for more info.

Sanity - Sponsor

Sanity.io is a real-time headless CMS with a fully customizable Content Studio built in React. Get a Sanity powered site up and running in minutes at sanity.io/create. Get an awesome supercharged free developer plan on sanity.io/syntax.

Show Notes

3:03 - Backend

• Express
• Node
• GraphQL
• MongoDB

14:45 - Frontend

• React
• Next.js
• Styled components
• Stay as close to real CSS as possible

22:39 - Deployment process

• Serverless
• Now
• Ideally one app that handles everything

28:38 - Email

• Syntax Ep 32: Designing, Templating, Inlining and Sending Email
• mjml
• Juice
• Inky
• Nodemailer
• Postmark
• Mailjet
• Mandrill
• Get everyone set up and working in two different systems, so you can switch easily if something goes wrong

33:32 - Users / Auth / Cookies / Permissions

• Use something a pre-existing package or service rather than role your own (though it can get expensive quickly)
• Passport
• Auth0
• accounts-js

38:48 - Images

• Cloudinary
• imgIX

41:50 - Other things to be aware of

• Handling cash
  • Stripe
  • PayPal
  • Braintree
  • Recurly
• Queueing

Links

• Ruby on Rails
• Django
• Meteor
• MySQL
• PHP
• Postgres
• Mongoose
• Drip
• ConvertKit
• Feathers
• David Luecke
• Tweetdeck
• Next.js
• react-router
• Reach Router
• Gatsby
• Digital Ocean
• Heroku
• Redux
• Svelte
• Gridsome
• Mailchimp

××× SIIIIICK ××× PIIIICKS ×××

• Scott: K-Safe
• Wes: Bon Appetit YouTube Channel

Shameless Plugs

• Scott: Svelte Course Coming Soon! - Sign up for the year and save 25%!
• Wes: Flexbox.io Course

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In this Hasty Treat, Scott and Wes talk about moving from PHP to Node — pitfalls to avoid, best practices and more!

Sentry - Sponsor

If you want to know what’s happening with your errors, track them with Sentry. Sentry is open-source error tracking that helps developers monitor and fix crashes in real time. Cut your time on error resolution from five hours to five minutes. It works with any language and integrates with dozens of other services. Syntax listeners can get two months for free by visiting Sentry.io and using the coupon code “tastytreat”.

Show Notes

3:43 - Servers need to be started and baby sat

4:48 - There is no built-in file system based routing

6:34 - Some "gotchas"

7:02 - Functional programming

8:17 - Async vs sync

11:11 - Event lifecycles

12:09 - Dependencies

14:17 - Keyed arrays

Links

• Wes’ tweet thread
• Forever
• PM2

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In this Hasty Treat, Scott and Wes discuss different error handling strategies.

Sentry - Sponsor

If you want to know what’s happening with your errors, track them with Sentry. Sentry is open-source error tracking that helps developers monitor and fix crashes in real time. Cut your time on error resolution from five hours to five minutes. It works with any language and integrates with dozens of other services. Syntax listeners can get two months for free by visiting Sentry.io and using the coupon code “tastytreat”.

Show Notes

2:07 - Try / Catch

• This can be done at call time or inside the function

4:10 - Higher Order Function

• Makes a function that returns a new function which in turn calls your original function (but with a .catch chained on)

7:46 - Handle the error when you call it

• Use async/await but chain a .catch onto the end

9:03 - Node.js Unhandled Rejection Event

• process.on('unhandledRejectionEvent', callback)

9:40 - What do do with those errors

• Send to error tracking service
• Possible to give the user a reference number
• Display good error text to user

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It's a Potluck episode - you bring the questions and we turn them into tasty treats.

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Instant setup for repositories hosted on GitHub, Bitbucket, GitLab and Codebase, plus realtime notifications in your favourite chat services like Slack or HipChat.

To get 50% off your first 6 months, head on over to deployhq.com/syntax. The first 25 listeners to deploy successfully will receive a FREE branded mug or t-shirt!

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Submit Your Questions Here

Show Notes

02:44

• What are your thoughts on Vue.js?
• VuePress
• Nuxt

6:20

• What are your thoughts on Typescript and Flow?
• Typescript
• Flow

10:45

• What was your biggest breakthrough in Programming?
• Nude.js

20:00

• Any tips, tools and tricks to avoid procrastination
• The productivity episode
• Sort by anxiety
• Eat That Frog
• Todoist

25:00

• Thoughts on CMSes? Headless? Database Driven? Static Site Generator?
• Headless WordPress
• Gatsby

34:00

• How can I start creating and selling courses?

40:00

• How did you two become renown in the developer community?
• We don't think we're renown :)
• YouTube Ad Revenue is poor

46:00

• Server Side Rendering with JavaScript Apps

53:00

• Is Yeoman still a thing?

×SICK×PICKS×

• Scott: Eat That Frog
• Wes: DevDocs.io PWA

Shameless Plugs

• Vue.js for Everyone
• Wes' Course
• SMASH that Subscribe Button on Wes' YouTube

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• Scott's Twitter
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