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    Jeremy Giffon - Special Situations in Private Markets - [Invest Like the Best, Replay]

    enJuly 23, 2024
    What unique perspective does Jeremy Jaffan offer on investments?
    How does Jeremy's ideal business model minimize capital requirements?
    What key factors are important for long-term investment success?
    How does the business culture differ between Canada and the US?
    What does Jeremy believe is essential for discovering fulfilling opportunities?

    Podcast Summary

    • Teagas transcript library insightsTeagas offers valuable insights from investor perspectives, emphasizing the importance of understanding deal circumstances and incentives, and focusing on problem-solving abilities for potential investments.

      Teagas offers a rapidly growing, comprehensive, and investor-led transcript library, providing insights and information that cannot be found elsewhere in the industry. Jeremy Jaffan, a unique investor, shares his perspective on the perfect business and investment, emphasizing the importance of understanding the circumstances and incentives surrounding a deal without needing extensive knowledge about the business itself. Jeremy's ideal business model involves being compensated highly for advice and wisdom, requiring minimal capital, and offering the potential for equity growth. In the world of investing, Jeremy approaches opportunities from a unique perspective, focusing on the meta circumstances and incentives of various stakeholders. His perfect investment involves understanding why an opportunity exists and why he's being paid for it, often dealing with coordination problems in private markets. Ultimately, the perfect investment allows him to unjam log jams and get paid for his problem-solving abilities.

    • Complex coordination problemsIdentifying and solving complex coordination problems between stakeholders in seemingly mundane areas can lead to significant value and outsized returns for investors

      Successful investing often involves identifying and solving complex coordination problems between different stakeholders, particularly in situations where their incentives may not align. This can lead to opportunities in seemingly mundane or overlooked areas, such as understanding intricacies of financial capital structures or negotiating between founders and VCs. These situations, often referred to as "dead assets," can present significant value if the parties involved can be brought together to unlock their potential. This requires a deep understanding of the underlying economics and incentives at play, as well as the ability to navigate delicate negotiations. By focusing on these types of opportunities, investors can differentiate themselves and potentially achieve outsized returns.

    • Incentive misalignment in VC-backed companiesMisaligned incentives in VC-backed companies can lead to unnecessary spending and falsely attributed growth. Opportunities lie in special situations transactions, such as the sale of underperforming assets or product lines. Building a pipeline for such opportunities requires proactive outreach and a reputation for buying unconventional assets.

      The misalignment of incentives in venture-backed companies can lead to unnecessary spending and falsely attributed growth. This dynamic makes it challenging to determine the true impact of hiring or expenses on a company's growth. Opportunities lie in special situations transactions, such as the divestiture of unwanted assets from large tech acquisitions or the sale of underperforming product lines from startups. These situations often arise due to the outsized returns in venture capital, leading to wasteful behavior. To build a pipeline for such opportunities, investors can be proactive in reaching out to potential sellers and building a reputation for buying unconventional assets. The best investors, like Tiny, find their own lakes and are willing to take risks on weird deals that others won't. The biggest mistake in buying companies is ignoring your gut and not thoroughly diligencing the seller or understanding their motivations for selling.

    • Business sale motivesAsking insightful questions and understanding a business's fundamentals are crucial when considering a purchase. Sellers may have advantages and motives not known to new entrants, so it's essential to be well-informed.

      Understanding the reasoning behind a business sale is crucial for potential buyers. Sellers may have advantages and motives that new entrants may not be aware of. It's essential to ask simple, insightful questions and gain a deep understanding of the business's fundamentals. The best investments are often the simplest ones that make sense and align with your long-term goals. Additionally, having a clear hurdle rate or expected return on investment can help guide decision-making. The underwriting process becomes more effective with experience and a focus on the business's core value proposition.

    • Investing in great businessesIdentifying and investing in businesses with operating leverage, pricing power, and a moat leads to better returns than the stock market over extended periods. Being selective and only investing in businesses that truly excite and energize you minimizes risk and increases fulfillment.

      Identifying and investing in great businesses with operating leverage, pricing power, and a moat is the key to long-term success in investing. These businesses act as money-printing machines, providing better returns than the stock market over extended periods. Risk can be minimized by avoiding losing capital, which is only achievable by being selective and only investing in businesses that truly excite and energize you. The importance of understanding what you truly want and aligning your actions accordingly cannot be overstated. Taking time to reflect and deliberate about how you want to spend your time can lead to discovering what gives you energy and excitement, ultimately leading to greater fulfillment and success.

    • Finding work that resonatesSetting a high quality bar and identifying passions can lead to a more fulfilling life, while finding someone with the right skills and success can save time and resources.

      Finding and pursuing work that truly resonates with us and brings us energy and excitement, rather than settling for less, can be a challenging but rewarding process. It may require setting a high quality bar and being willing to face uncomfortable truths about ourselves. The ability to identify what we're not lazy about and following that passion can lead to a more fulfilling and authentic life. In the words of Kevin Kelly, "the reward for good work is more work." It's important to remember that not everyone needs to be the best in the world at what they do, but rather find someone who has the specific skill set for the job and has succeeded at a larger scale before. This can save time and resources in the long run. Additionally, as we get closer to our calling, we tend to feel less envious of others and their accomplishments. It's a journey of self-discovery and growth, and it's important to listen to the signs and warnings that guide us towards our true passions.

    • Business successSuccess in business involves reliable problem-solving, diligent implementation, creativity in negotiation, patience, and a long-term perspective.

      Building a successful business involves simple yet difficult tasks, often requiring no intellectual edge or world-class talent, but rather reliable problem-solving and diligent implementation. Sourcing opportunities can be made easier through social networks and recruiters, while negotiation success comes from getting out of your own head and being creative with offers. Patience is also key, as some offers may initially be rejected but eventually come back. A useful way to understand people is through the concept of "before or after their personal fall," which indicates whether they have been deeply humbled by life experiences. This can provide insight into their capacity for suffering or pain and is uncorrelated to other factors. Overall, success in business comes down to hard work, creativity, and a long-term perspective.

    • Adversity handlingPeople are categorized as pre-fall or post-fall based on their reaction to adversity, not the severity of the hardship. Post-fall individuals have gone through significant disruptions and may react unpredictably to future challenges.

      There are two concepts, "pre-fall" and "post-fall," which refer to a person's ability to handle adversity and bounce back from hardships. Pre-fall individuals have not yet experienced significant life disruptions, while post-fall individuals have gone through extreme hardships and come out the other side. The reaction to adversity is what defines these categories, rather than the severity of the hardship itself. This concept can be useful in various contexts, such as business partnerships or investing, as individuals who have gone through significant hardships may react unpredictably to future challenges. The ability to handle adversity, or being "hard to kill," is a valuable trait in these situations. The distinction between skills and the ability to handle adversity is important, as someone may be highly skilled but lack the ability to handle challenges, making it difficult to sleep at night. This concept is related to, but distinct from, the notion of being relentlessly resourceful. The former is more about reacting to adversity, while the latter is about being proactive.

    • Motivations and Career GoalsAsking 'what do you want?' during interviews can reveal a candidate's true desires and determine if they're a good fit for the job. Money motivation can be common but assessing its health is crucial for the long term. Boys in organizations learn from high-level executives, potentially becoming their successors, while reporting to multiple people can increase favor and opportunities.

      Understanding people's motivations and career goals can provide valuable insights during the interview process. The question of "what do you want?" can help reveal a candidate's true desires and determine if they're a good fit for the job. Money motivation is common among investors, but it's essential to consider if it's a healthy motivation for the long term. Another interesting career path discussed was the dichotomy between being a "boy" or a "guy." Boys are those who work closely with a billionaire or high-level executive, learning from them and potentially becoming their successor. The org chart advice suggests staying off of it and reporting to multiple people to increase favor with the decision-maker and ultimately get ahead in the organization. Lastly, the idea that the audience or social graph is underpriced refers to the value of building strong relationships and networks, which can lead to opportunities and success in various aspects of life.

    • Digital SpacesHaving a social media presence or creating content offers opportunities for social mobility, commerce, and building genuine connections through quality engagement and potential monetization.

      Having a social media presence or creating content, regardless of the size of the audience, can offer significant opportunities for social mobility, commerce, and building genuine connections. The speaker emphasizes the underrated value of quality engagement and the potential for monetization through authentic relationships. As the world continues to shift towards digital platforms, the distribution and serendipity of these spaces are becoming increasingly valuable. While monetization methods are still evolving, the potential for high-value transactions and long-term relationships between creators and their audiences is significant. Additionally, the speaker highlights the underappreciated value of having resources, such as money, which can open doors to opportunities and experiences. Conversely, venture capital and the pressure to secure a limited number of exceptional deals may become increasingly overrated. Overall, the speaker encourages embracing the potential of digital spaces and recognizing their value in various aspects of life.

    • Focusing on advice vs actionThe speaker emphasizes the importance of focusing on specific, tactical actions rather than being distracted by constant advice and learning to achieve significant results

      Advice and constant learning can be a distraction from taking meaningful action. The speaker argues that advice is often unserious and that people should focus on specific, tactical questions instead. He also shares an idea from the Landmark Forum about the one call that everyone needs to make, which can have significant returns if executed correctly. The speaker acknowledges that he too has fallen into the trap of consuming too much advice and learning, but encourages focusing on what you like and taking action. The most effective way to unclog log jams or solve coordination problems is through having the hard conversations with finesse.

    • Software business fundingNot all software businesses need venture funding; bootstrapping and seeking external funding strategically can lead to greater financial success

      While enterprise software contracts can be valuable assets, not all software businesses should be venture-funded, especially those that don't have a clear need for large amounts of capital or a high probability of success. Venture funding can be a default path for starting a business due to its ease and prestige, but it comes with significant costs and obligations. Instead, bootstrapping a business and only seeking external funding when necessary can be a more intentional and financially beneficial approach. Meeting heroes and mentors can provide valuable advice and insights, but it's important to seek specific, personalized guidance rather than general advice. The Beatles are a great example of a phenomenon where a group of talented individuals came together to create something extraordinary in a short period of time, changing the music industry forever.

    • US vs Canada business cultureThe US has an optimistic, generous business culture with abundant opportunities and a 'let's try it out' mindset, while Canada and Europe have a more guarded approach. Investing in people, specifically managers, can provide valuable insights and alpha.

      There are significant cultural differences between the business environments in Canada and the US. The US has an unmatched optimism and generosity that leads to abundant opportunities and a "let's try it out" mindset. In contrast, Canada and Europe have a more guarded approach, fearing loss of what they have. The speaker encourages raising money in America and has found investing in people, specifically managers, to be a highly rewarding and unique art form. He also believes that looking at seemingly insignificant or taboo aspects of people can provide valuable insights and alpha. The speaker's investment philosophy is focused on minimum effort for maximum return and finding those who can discover successful opportunities or managers. He also emphasizes the importance of remaining open-minded and avoiding ethical judgments when observing these odd signs.

    • Co-founder relationships, equityAuthenticity and open communication are essential for successful partnerships and co-founder relationships. Honest conversations and valuing both parties can prevent destructive conflicts and expensive resolutions.

      Authenticity and open communication are crucial for successful partnerships and co-founder relationships. Resentment, especially regarding equity, can lead to destructive conflicts and expensive resolutions. It's essential to have honest conversations and ensure both parties feel valued and committed. A kind act that resonated deeply was when a high school teacher gave a student a book that encouraged embracing individuality and pursuing passions, reminding us that progress and societal cohesion benefit from having unique, uncorrelated individuals.

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    Hemant Taneja - Engineering Global Resilience - [Invest Like the Best, EP.382]

    Hemant Taneja - Engineering Global Resilience - [Invest Like the Best, EP.382]
    My guest today is Hemant Taneja. Hemant is the CEO and Managing Director of General Catalyst, the global venture capital firm you’ll hear us refer to as GC. GC has set out to build resiliency across critical industries worldwide. The firm leverages technology to retool sectors such as healthcare, energy, defense, and manufacturing and explores innovative capital structures to support founders and businesses. Hemant discusses how the firm is positioned to respond to the aftermath of crises, including the pandemic, wars, energy issues, and beyond. We also discuss the building of a category-defining healthcare company, Livongo and much more. Please enjoy this conversation with Hemant Taneja.  Listen to Founders Podcast For the full show notes, transcript, and links to mentioned content, check out the episode page here. ----- This episode is brought to you by Ramp. Ramp’s mission is to help companies manage their spend in a way that reduces expenses and frees up time for teams to work on more valuable projects. Ramp is the fastest growing FinTech company in history and it’s backed by more of my favorite past guests (at least 16 of them!) than probably any other company I’m aware of. It’s also notable that many best-in-class businesses use Ramp—companies like Airbnb, Anduril, and Shopify, as well as investors like Sequoia Capital and Vista Equity. They use Ramp to manage their spending, automate tedious financial processes, and reinvest saved dollars and hours into growth. At Colossus and Positive Sum, we use Ramp for exactly the same reason. Go to Ramp.com/invest to sign up for free and get a $250 welcome bonus. ----- This episode is brought to you by Tegus, where we're changing the game in investment research. Step away from outdated, inefficient methods and into the future with our platform, proudly hosting over 100,000 transcripts – with over 25,000 transcripts added just this year alone. Our platform grows eight times faster and adds twice as much monthly content as our competitors, putting us at the forefront of the industry. Plus, with 75% of private market transcripts available exclusively on Tegus, we offer insights you simply can't find elsewhere. See the difference a vast, quality-driven transcript library makes. Unlock your free trial at tegus.com/patrick. ----- Invest Like the Best is a property of Colossus, LLC. For more episodes of Invest Like the Best, visit joincolossus.com/episodes.  Past guests include Tobi Lutke, Kevin Systrom, Mike Krieger, John Collison, Kat Cole, Marc Andreessen, Matthew Ball, Bill Gurley, Anu Hariharan, Ben Thompson, and many more. Stay up to date on all our podcasts by signing up to Colossus Weekly, our quick dive every Sunday highlighting the top business and investing concepts from our podcasts and the best of what we read that week. Sign up here. Follow us on Twitter: @patrick_oshag | @JoinColossus Editing and post-production work for this episode was provided by The Podcast Consultant (https://thepodcastconsultant.com). Show Notes: (00:00:00) Our Partners: Ramp and Tegus (00:03:00) Welcome to Invest Like the Best (00:03:57) Introducing Hemant Taneja and General Catalyst (00:04:17) Global Resilience and Innovation Post-Pandemic  (00:05:56) Re-Globalization and Manufacturing  (00:07:03) Building Livongo: A 20-Year Overnight Success  (00:13:23) Aligning Incentives in Healthcare  (00:15:40) Re-imagining the Investment Business  (00:20:54) Evolution of General Catalyst (00:27:04) Succession and Trust in Asset Management  (00:35:00) Founder-Centric Capital Goals  (00:36:32) Balancing Growth and Liquidity  (00:41:39) AI and Onshoring Productivity  (00:47:10) Defense Investments and Ethics  (00:50:11) Geopolitics and Regulation  (00:53:16) Reflections on Leadership and Strategy  (01:01:14) Hemant's Future Plans  (01:02:55) The Kindest Thing Anyone Has Ever Done for Him

    Jeremy Giffon - Special Situations in Private Markets - [Invest Like the Best, Replay]

    Jeremy Giffon - Special Situations in Private Markets - [Invest Like the Best, Replay]
    Today we are replaying one of our most popular episodes from last year with Jeremy Giffon. I spend all my time trying to find people who have some “singularity” to them. People who seem like they can do an N of 1 something. Having spent many days with Jeremy, he strikes me as one of those people. He was the first employee and general partner at private equity firm/holding company Tiny, which buys and holds internet and technology-focused businesses. Prior to that, he was on the founding team of MediaCore, which was acquired by Workday. The focus of our discussion is on esoteric opportunities that exist in private markets and how misaligned incentives and coordination problems create special situations for people like Jeremy to invest in. The rest of the conversation is wide-ranging and covers everything from compensation advice to meeting your heroes. Please enjoy my discussion with Jeremy Giffon. Listen to Founders Podcast For the full show notes, transcript, and links to mentioned content, check out the episode page here. ----- This episode is brought to you by Tegus, where we're changing the game in investment research. Step away from outdated, inefficient methods and into the future with our platform, proudly hosting over 100,000 transcripts – with over 25,000 transcripts added just this year alone. Our platform grows eight times faster and adds twice as much monthly content as our competitors, putting us at the forefront of the industry. Plus, with 75% of private market transcripts available exclusively on Tegus, we offer insights you simply can't find elsewhere. See the difference a vast, quality-driven transcript library makes. Unlock your free trial at tegus.com/patrick. ----- Invest Like the Best is a property of Colossus, LLC. For more episodes of Invest Like the Best, visit joincolossus.com/episodes.  Stay up to date on all our podcasts by signing up to Colossus Weekly, our quick dive every Sunday highlighting the top business and investing concepts from our podcasts and the best of what we read that week. Sign up here. Editing and post-production work for this episode was provided by The Podcast Consultant (https://thepodcastconsultant.com). Show Notes (00:00:00) Welcome to Invest Like the Best (00:03:15) What defines the nature of a perfect business in his mind (00:05:21) Key characteristics he’d look for in a perfect investment (00:09:58) Coordination problems that excite him (00:14:02) Raising funds and ghostship companies  (00:16:17) Examples of a special situations transaction in private markets  (00:18:55) Building up a sourcing mechanism (00:22:18) The biggest mistakes he’s seen in buying and selling companies  (00:25:42) Refining the underwriting process (00:28:57) Thoughts about minimum rates of return and multiples on capital for the investments he makes  (00:30:44) Being lazy enough to wait for good deals on enduring businesses  (00:33:32) Why people do things they don’t like  (00:35:47) Whether or not he feels like he knows what he wants in life (00:42:58) Hiring CEOs (00:44:54) Really good respective returns in low risk companies and why those opportunities continue to persist    (00:47:05) Tactics for negotiating with and sourcing CEOs   (00:50:37) Binaries - pre and post fall (00:55:58) Being hard to kill (00:59:15) His favorite interview question  (01:06:07) Having an audience is incredibly underpriced  (01:10:13) What else is significantly underpriced (01:12:14) Things he feels are overpriced today writ large (01:15:54) Criticisms of the cult of learning (01:20:21) The one call that everyone needs to make  (01:27:18) Meeting your heroes and having mentors  (01:30:48) Notable differences between the business environments of Canada and the US (01:33:13) Lessons learned from people he admires and models for seeing the world  (01:35:35) Views he holds that would make people scratch their heads (01:40:02) The kindest thing anyone has ever done for Jeremy

    David Senra - Passion & Pain - [Invest Like the Best, Replay]

    David Senra - Passion & Pain - [Invest Like the Best, Replay]
    Today, we are replaying what we call a forever episode, which are the few episodes of our show that we think will be as popular a decade from now as they are today. Every time I re-listen to this episode with David Senra, I leave wildly energized and wanting to share that feeling. So we are re-releasing it today for anyone who missed it the first time or hadn't yet discovered Invest Like the Best. David Senra has studied history’s great founders and entrepreneurs in more depth than anyone I’ve ever met, and I’d wager more than anyone else alive. In this conversation, we cover many of the most common themes he’s discovered studying hundreds of entrepreneurs like Estée Lauder, John Rockefeller, Enzo Ferrari, and Edwin Land. Please enjoy this great conversation with David Senra. Listen to Founders Podcast  For the full show notes, transcript, and links to mentioned content, check out the episode page here. ----- This episode is brought to you by Tegus, where we're changing the game in investment research. Step away from outdated, inefficient methods and into the future with our platform, proudly hosting over 100,000 transcripts – with over 25,000 transcripts added just this year alone. Our platform grows eight times faster and adds twice as much monthly content as our competitors, putting us at the forefront of the industry. Plus, with 75% of private market transcripts available exclusively on Tegus, we offer insights you simply can't find elsewhere. See the difference a vast, quality-driven transcript library makes. Unlock your free trial at tegus.com/patrick. ----- Invest Like the Best is a property of Colossus, LLC. For more episodes of Invest Like the Best, visit joincolossus.com/episodes.  Past guests include Tobi Lutke, Kevin Systrom, Mike Krieger, John Collison, Kat Cole, Marc Andreessen, Matthew Ball, Bill Gurley, Anu Hariharan, Ben Thompson, and many more. Stay up to date on all our podcasts by signing up to Colossus Weekly, our quick dive every Sunday highlighting the top business and investing concepts from our podcasts and the best of what we read that week. Sign up here. Follow us on Twitter: @patrick_oshag | @JoinColossus Editing and post-production work for this episode was provided by The Podcast Consultant (https://thepodcastconsultant.com).  Show Notes [00:00:00] Welcome to Invest Like the Best [00:03:01] First question - When he first fell in love with reading [00:07:01] What’s rooted in his own history that’s made him obsessive about studying history’s great entrepreneurs and founders - Founders Podcast [00:10:34] The first time he connected with someone as a positive role model that he was reading about  [00:13:45] How often obsession is apparent in the founders he’s studied across hundreds of biographies  [00:18:08] What is often behind obsession and how people listening can apply the lessons to their own lives [00:22:45] The dynamic and relationship between inspiration and perspiration  [00:27:11] Commonalities between the layers of leadership and support underneath founders [00:31:52] Where else he’s seen ego rear its head in good and bad ways  [00:38:34] How often do great founders break the law or enter gray areas of it  [00:41:22] The role constant learning and listening plays in success [00:45:12] Talking about how anything worth doing is worth doing to excess  [00:52:18] Describing the soul of founders and businesses [00:58:39] What he’s learned about all of these founders as it relates to marketing  [01:04:38] A common story that process is often art  [01:08:10] Who David's idols are in podcasting [01:14:55] Major aspects of people he’s studied that haven’t been discussed yet [01:19:55] The kindest thing anyone has ever done for David

    Martin Casado - Entering Uncharted AI Territory - [Invest Like the Best, EP.381]

    Martin Casado - Entering Uncharted AI Territory - [Invest Like the Best, EP.381]
    My guest today is Martin Casado. Martin is a partner at Andreessen Horowitz and first joined me on Invest Like the Best in 2022. So much has changed since then, and it was awesome to have Martin back to discuss all of the different implications of this AI revolution. Before joining a16z, Martin pioneered software-defined networking and co-founded Nicira, which was bought by VMware for $1.3 billion in 2012. He has studied, built, and invested in digital infrastructure his whole career which has primed him to go in-depth in this interview on the immense opportunities and challenges AI presents among creativity, policy-making, agentic systems, real-world data structures, and beyond. Please enjoy this conversation with Martin Casado.  Listen to Founders Podcast For the full show notes, transcript, and links to mentioned content, check out the episode page here. ----- This episode is brought to you by Tegus, where we're changing the game in investment research. Step away from outdated, inefficient methods and into the future with our platform, proudly hosting over 100,000 transcripts – with over 25,000 transcripts added just this year alone. Our platform grows eight times faster and adds twice as much monthly content as our competitors, putting us at the forefront of the industry. Plus, with 75% of private market transcripts available exclusively on Tegus, we offer insights you simply can't find elsewhere. See the difference a vast, quality-driven transcript library makes. Unlock your free trial at tegus.com/patrick. ----- Invest Like the Best is a property of Colossus, LLC. For more episodes of Invest Like the Best, visit joincolossus.com/episodes.  Past guests include Tobi Lutke, Kevin Systrom, Mike Krieger, John Collison, Kat Cole, Marc Andreessen, Matthew Ball, Bill Gurley, Anu Hariharan, Ben Thompson, and many more. Stay up to date on all our podcasts by signing up to Colossus Weekly, our quick dive every Sunday highlighting the top business and investing concepts from our podcasts and the best of what we read that week. Sign up here. Follow us on Twitter: @patrick_oshag | @JoinColossus Editing and post-production work for this episode was provided by The Podcast Consultant (https://thepodcastconsultant.com). Show Notes: (00:00:00) Welcome to Invest Like the Best (00:01:48) The Future of AI and Creativity (00:03:11) Economic Implications of AI (00:04:33) AI's Impact on Content Creation (00:08:21) Challenges in AI and Robotics (00:12:16) Human Data and AI Training (00:20:30) Investing in AI and Robotics (00:26:00) Defensibility and Competition in AI (00:33:22) Regulatory Considerations (00:35:26) Internet Era Parallels and Security Concerns (00:40:25) Open Source vs. Closed Source in Tech (00:43:45) Market Annealing and Category Creation (00:46:13) Data and Hardware Innovations in AI (00:55:55) Agents and the Future of AI

    Modest Proposal - AI Commoditization and Capital Dynamics - [Invest Like the Best, EP.380]

    Modest Proposal - AI Commoditization and Capital Dynamics - [Invest Like the Best, EP.380]
    My guest today is Modest Proposal, joining me for our third conversation and the first in a few years. Modest is anonymous online, but one of the more thoughtful investors I know, overseeing a large pool of capital in public and private markets. He offers insight into many different corners of today’s landscape, covering AI’s frontier models versus open-source models, overcapacity issues in transportation in our post-COVID world, the potential economic impact of GLP-1 drugs, and more. Please enjoy my conversation with Modest Proposal. Listen to Founders Podcast For the full show notes, transcript, and links to mentioned content, check out the episode page here. ----- This episode is brought to you by Tegus, where we're changing the game in investment research. Step away from outdated, inefficient methods and into the future with our platform, proudly hosting over 100,000 transcripts – with over 25,000 transcripts added just this year alone. Our platform grows eight times faster and adds twice as much monthly content as our competitors, putting us at the forefront of the industry. Plus, with 75% of private market transcripts available exclusively on Tegus, we offer insights you simply can't find elsewhere. See the difference a vast, quality-driven transcript library makes. Unlock your free trial at tegus.com/patrick. ----- Invest Like the Best is a property of Colossus, LLC. For more episodes of Invest Like the Best, visit joincolossus.com/episodes.  Past guests include Tobi Lutke, Kevin Systrom, Mike Krieger, John Collison, Kat Cole, Marc Andreessen, Matthew Ball, Bill Gurley, Anu Hariharan, Ben Thompson, and many more. Stay up to date on all our podcasts by signing up to Colossus Weekly, our quick dive every Sunday highlighting the top business and investing concepts from our podcasts and the best of what we read that week. Sign up here. Follow us on Twitter: @patrick_oshag | @JoinColossus Editing and post-production work for this episode was provided by The Podcast Consultant (https://thepodcastconsultant.com). Show Notes: (00:00:00) Welcome to Invest Like the Best (00:04:00) Comparison to Mid-2000s Commodity Markets (00:07:18) The Role of AI and Power Consumption (00:09:29) NVIDIA and the Future of AI Investment (00:13:10) Commercialization of AI and Market Dynamics (00:23:14) Public vs. Private Market Performance (00:28:03) Post-COVID Capital Cycles (00:30:32) Capital Expenditures and Post-COVID Market Distortions (00:31:47) Amazon's Capacity Expansion and Market Inflections (00:33:45) Challenges in Displacing Market Leaders (00:37:50) Behavioral Barriers in GLP-1 Adherence (00:39:58) Public vs. Private Market Allocations (00:45:08) International Equities and Japanese Market Potential (00:47:35) Market Structure and Trading Dynamics (00:53:22) AI Models and Future Market Implications