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    SYSK Selects: How Electroconvulsive Therapy Works

    enAugust 18, 2018

    Podcast Summary

    • Insights from Squarespace, Dexcom G7, and 'One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest'Squarespace's Insights tool offers business insights, Dexcom G7 provides accurate diabetes data, and 'One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest' showcases the reality of electroconvulsive therapy as a mental health treatment.

      Squarespace offers valuable business insights to its users through its analytics tool, Insights. This data can help businesses grow by identifying top keywords, popular products, and effective marketing channels. Meanwhile, the Dexcom G7 provides accurate glucose readings, enabling better diabetes management decisions. In the world of entertainment, the book "One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest" and its movie adaptation have left lasting impressions. The story, set in an insane asylum, introduces the concept of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) as a form of control. However, the reality of ECT is quite different – it's an effective therapy still in use today for treating various mental health conditions. So, whether it's growing a business, managing diabetes, or understanding the intricacies of literature, there's always something new to learn.

    • A complex history of ECT: From misuse to benefitsProperly administered ECT can alleviate severe depression, but its history is marked by misuse and harsh practices, and its exact therapeutic mechanisms remain unclear

      Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), a type of shock therapy used to induce a seizure in the body, has a complex history. Initially used in mental institutions, it gained a negative reputation due to its misuse and harsh practices. However, modern research and personal accounts, including from Kitty Dukakis and Dick Cavett, show that properly administered ECT can be beneficial for severe depression. Despite this, it's important to note that ECT is not a cure-all and has limitations, as seen in the cases of Sylvia Plath and Ernest Hemingway. The therapeutic effects of ECT might be related to the concept of emotional catharsis and resetting, but the exact mechanisms are still a mystery. Overall, ECT's history is a reminder of the importance of proper application and understanding of medical treatments.

    • Early therapies for mental illness involved seizure-inducing treatmentsManfred Stern's link between seizures and mental illness paved way for shock therapy, while Zigazoo is a kid-safe social media platform and Squarespace's Fluid Engine offers custom website design

      The use of seizure-inducing therapies, such as insulin and Metrazol, played a significant role in the treatment of mental illness in the early 20th century. Hungarian physician Manfred Stern (also known as Manfred Sakel) is credited with being the first modern physician to suggest a link between seizures and the curing of mental illness, leading the way for further research in the 1930s. Italian scientists discovered the use of electricity as a form of shock therapy, which also proved effective in treating mental illnesses. However, the powerful nature of Metrazol led to complications like spinal fractures in some patients. Despite the risks, these early therapies paved the way for advancements in psychiatric treatment. In an unrelated topic, Zigazoo is a kid-safe social media platform where children can create and share content in a moderated environment, focusing on fun and creativity without the negativity found on other social networks. Squarespace's Fluid Engine is a next-generation website design system that allows users to create custom websites with ease and flexibility, offering various templates and features for different categories and use cases.

    • From brutal to less traumatic: The evolution of Electroconvulsive TherapyECT's transformation involves using anesthesia and muscle relaxers, extensive pre-treatments, and careful FDA classification to minimize trauma and side effects.

      Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT), which was once a brutal and barbaric treatment for mental health conditions like schizophrenia, depression, and bipolarism in the US, has undergone significant improvements over the years. Back then, patients were wide awake during the procedure, leading to violent physical reactions such as powerful convulsions. However, modern ECT uses anesthesia and muscle relaxers, making the procedure less traumatic. Although memory loss is still a side effect, the portrayal of ECT patients as lobotomized or zombie-like in popular culture is a misconception. Nowadays, patients undergo extensive pre-treatments and evaluations before receiving ECT. The Class 3 device classification for ECT by the FDA underscores the importance of careful administration and consideration for this treatment.

    • Reviving Controversial ECT for Severe DepressionECT, once controversial, is a proven effective treatment for severe depression, particularly for those not responding to antidepressants. It involves applying electrical currents to induce a seizure, with quick recovery time and high success rate.

      Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT), despite its controversial past, continues to be a valid medical treatment for severe depression, particularly for those who do not respond to antidepressants. The procedure involves applying electrical currents to the brain to induce a controlled seizure, which can help alleviate symptoms. Modern ECT uses shorter pulses, reducing side effects and increasing effectiveness. Treatment typically involves multiple sessions per week for several weeks, with each session lasting around five to ten minutes including anesthesia. Despite the quick recovery time, the experience can still be disorienting. ECT is now more widely accepted and used, with approximately 100,000 people receiving the treatment annually. Its effectiveness rate is around 75-80%, compared to antidepressants' 60% success rate. The use of ECT saw a decline in the 80s due to the rise of antidepressants, but as physicians discovered, there were many individuals who did not respond well to antidepressants, making ECT an essential alternative for those at risk of suicide.

    • Working in tandem: ECT and antidepressantsECT acts as a brain reset, antidepressants maintain improvements, but risks include memory loss and death, not everyone agrees on ECT's effectiveness

      Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) and antidepressants can work together to extend the positive effects of ECT. The theory is that ECT acts as a reset for the brain, potentially changing how blood flows or releasing certain chemicals, while antidepressants help maintain the improved functioning. However, the exact mechanisms are not fully understood. ECT does carry risks, including memory loss around the appointment and in some cases, loss of past memories, as well as the risk of death, although this is rare. The article also suggests that some people may recover from placebo treatments due to the extra attention they receive. Despite these risks, it's important to note that not everyone is convinced of ECT's effectiveness, with some criticisms coming from those who are skeptical of psychiatry in general.

    • Exploring unexpected advancements in technology and innovationFrom the resurgence of electroconvulsive therapy to the emergence of safer social media platforms for kids, technology continues to surprise us with new developments. Stay open-minded and curious to embrace progress and discovery.

      Technology and innovation continue to shape our world in unexpected ways. For instance, electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), a once controversial medical treatment, is making a comeback. Meanwhile, platforms like Zigazoo offer a safer alternative to traditional social media for kids. In the realm of entertainment, the meaning behind song lyrics can sometimes surprise us, as in the case of Bruce Springsteen's "Thunder Road." These examples show that progress and discovery are ongoing, and it's essential to stay open-minded and curious about the world around us. Additionally, during this conversation, we touched upon various topics, including the appeal of using electricity over drugs for mental health treatment, the return of ECT, and the unique features of Zigazoo. We also discussed the unexpected meaning behind the lyrics of "Thunder Road" by Bruce Springsteen. As we wrapped up, we also mentioned the upcoming Easter holiday and the convenience of CVS pickup for last-minute shopping. Lastly, we shared a lighthearted moment about misinterpreting song lyrics. Overall, our discussion showcased the importance of staying informed, being adaptable, and embracing the unexpected twists and turns that life brings our way.

    • Misunderstood song lyrics lead to shared memoriesMisinterpreting song lyrics can bring back fond memories and create shared experiences between people.

      Misheard song lyrics can lead to amusing misunderstandings and shared memories. The conversation between Jerry and Cheryl revolved around their childhood memories of misinterpreting song lyrics, with Jerry sharing his experience of thinking Till Tuesday sang "Horses Scare Me" instead of "Voices Carry." Cheryl, in turn, shared her childhood memory of believing that Madonna sang "Papa Don't Popadom Bridge" instead of "Papa Don't Preach." These misunderstandings brought back fond memories and provided a source of amusement for both. Another theme that emerged in the conversation was the shared experience of attending concerts and the impact they had on their lives. Jerry mentioned attending his first concert featuring Till Tuesday, while Cheryl spoke about the first concert she paid for herself and where she first smelled marijuana. Overall, the conversation highlighted the power of shared experiences and the importance of finding joy in the little things, even if they stem from misunderstandings.

    • Exploring Safe and Creative Outlets for Kids: Zigazoo and Easter Essentials at CVSZigazoo, a moderated social network for kids, offers a safe space for video sharing and peer connection. Easter preparations are made easy with CVS's free in-store pickup for essentials. Marriage and wedding day fun are distinct concepts, and listeners are encouraged to share insights on marriage-related topics.

      Technology can provide safe and creative outlets for children, even in the realm of social media. Zigazoo, a social network for kids, offers a moderated platform for children to share videos and connect with peers, eliminating concerns of social trolling and negative comments. Meanwhile, Easter celebrations can be made convenient and hassle-free with CVS's free in-store pickup for Easter basket essentials. Regarding the discussion, the speakers emphasized that marriage and wedding day fun are two distinct concepts. They encouraged listeners to share their thoughts and insights on marriage-related topics by tweeting @syskpodcast or joining their Facebook group, Stuff You Should Know. Additionally, Zigazoo was introduced as a social media alternative for kids, where they can create and share videos with peers in a safe and moderated environment. With no comments or messaging, parents can rest assured that their children are not exposed to potential harm. Lastly, the speakers reminded listeners that Easter is approaching, and CVS makes it easy to prepare for the holiday with free in-store pickup for Easter basket supplies. From delightful toys and Peeps-themed egg decorators to pre-filled Easter eggs, CVS offers a wide selection of Easter essentials to make the holiday memorable and enjoyable.

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