Podcast Summary
Understanding company financial performance during earning season: Earning season provides insights into company financials amidst macroeconomic themes like China's slowdown and US retail apocalypse. Diversification is key as tech stocks dominate, and declines in profits may signal more than just a blip.
Earning season provides valuable insights for investors by allowing them to directly hear from companies about their financial performance. This year, earning season is particularly interesting due to ongoing macroeconomic themes such as the slowdown in China and the retail apocalypse in the US. Additionally, the sell-off at the end of 2018 has raised questions about whether the decline in profits was just a blip or a more significant trend. Furthermore, the dominance of certain tech stocks in recent years has led to a decline in the importance of other sectors, making it crucial for investors to pay attention to a diverse range of companies during earning season. Overall, earning season offers a unique opportunity for investors to gain a more complete understanding of the current economic landscape and make informed investment decisions.
Understanding the FANG stocks' unique business models and challenges: The FANG stocks, despite facing challenges, have distinct business models and face unique challenges. Understanding their individual characteristics and broader industry trends is crucial for evaluating their prospects.
While the FANG stocks, which include tech giants like Facebook, Apple, Amazon, Netflix, and Google, have faced challenges and seen their stocks take a hit, it's unclear whether this represents a fundamental shift or a correction in expectations. Lee Jorgen, the founder and CEO of Estemize, who joins us on the podcast, offers valuable insights into the business models and drivers of these companies, and how investor sentiment shifts. The tech industry is undergoing significant creative destruction and disruption, and understanding the specific levers and hinges of each company is crucial to evaluating their prospects. While it's tempting to lump all tech companies under the same umbrella, the FANG stocks have distinct business models and face unique challenges. So, as we discuss the future of these companies, it's essential to keep in mind their individual characteristics and the broader industry trends.
Technology's Impact on Leverage of Capital over Labor: Technology drives gross margins up by reducing labor needs, allowing for greater capital leverage and revenue generation per employee, but societal concerns arise from potential manipulation of user behavior and time.
Technology is driving gross margins by requiring fewer people to generate the same revenue dollar, leading to an expanding leverage of capital over labor. Companies like Facebook and Amazon, with their high revenue per employee, exemplify this trend. Additionally, people's increasing boredom and the efficiency of platforms like Tinder and social media in managing their behavior have led to substantial leverage on people's time and dollars. This trend, while impressive, also raises concerns about societal impact and the potential manipulation of user behavior. The bull case lies in the efficiency and increasing revenue generated from user data and behavior, but the potential societal damage cannot be ignored.
Tech sector's strong performance driven by labor cost advantages but faced challenges during financial crisis: Despite occasional challenges, tech sector's labor cost advantages and innovation continue to drive market growth
The tech sector's strong performance in the market is largely due to the sector's ability to leverage technology to reduce labor costs, leading to significant advantages. However, during the financial crisis in late 2018, it wasn't a tech-specific issue but rather a macroeconomic one, as the credit markets froze and financials led the downturn. The higher beta tech names were hit hardest during this period due to panic selling by portfolio managers. While some tech companies, such as Facebook, have faced idiosyncratic challenges, the fear of declining user growth leading to a shrinking business model is a lingering concern from the tech bubble. However, this time around, companies like Facebook have adapted by bundling other platforms and creating ecosystems, making it less likely for growth to trail off. Despite these challenges, the tech sector remains a significant driver of the market due to its ability to innovate and adapt.
Tech Giants' Decelerating Growth Rates and Regulatory Risks: Investor interest in tech giants remains due to growing ARPU and monetization potential, but consistent growth and strong business models in enterprise software and cloud services make other companies more attractive.
Despite concerns over decelerating user growth rates and regulatory risks for tech giants like Facebook, their growing Average Revenue Per User (ARPU) and the ability to monetize existing user bases keep investors interested. However, the steep growth rates seen in some tech stocks, particularly in the enterprise software space, have made other companies seemingly less risky and more attractive for investment. Companies like Workday, which focus on enterprise software and cloud services, were less affected by the Q4 sell-off due to their consistent growth and strong business models. While Facebook's growth may have slowed, its user base and platform's potential for monetization remain significant. The ongoing enterprise technology CapEx super cycle also plays a role in the attractiveness of these stocks.
Shift to software and technology investment: Larger companies and SMBs invest in SaaS, leading to growth and leverage, while Apple faces near-term risks in China and long-term concerns about smartphone market saturation and competition
The current economic climate is driving significant investment in software and technology, particularly for larger companies and small to mid-cap businesses. This shift towards software as a service (SaaS) is leading to impressive growth rates and increased leverage for these companies. However, there are concerns for tech giants like Apple, with near-term risks including the slowdown in China's market and long-term concerns about the saturation of the smartphone market and competition from domestic manufacturers. Despite these concerns, Apple's installed user base and relatively low valuation multiples provide some buffer against these risks in the short term.
The future of tech companies may shift from hardware to software and services: Investors should consider the risk that Apple's hardware could become less important as AI and ecosystems like WeChat capture user attention and data, making software and services increasingly dominant in tech companies.
The future of technology companies like Apple may lie less in hardware and more in software and services, as AI and ecosystems like WeChat in China become increasingly dominant. Investors may be underestimating the risk that Apple's hardware could become less important if a competitor, such as Google or Chinese tech companies, develops a superior AI or ecosystem that captures user attention and data. The battle between Apple and tech giants like Facebook and Google over developer access is a sign of this shifting landscape, as these companies aim to become the primary platform for users' digital lives. The speaker's personal experience of preferring Apple's hardware but using Google's services in China illustrates this trend. The hardware's importance is diminishing as users increasingly interact with software and services within apps, rather than through the operating system itself.
Apple and the tech industry facing revenue risks: Apple, and the tech industry as a whole, face revenue risks from competitors in various sectors, with affordability being a significant factor. An earnings recession is possible, but may be more idiosyncratic, and the consumer sector could see a downturn in growth.
The tech industry, specifically companies like Apple, face the risk of losing revenue due to the rise of competitors in various sectors, such as payments or AI. Apple's strength in hardware may not be enough to sustain their revenue flow, especially when compared to the affordability of competitors. The speaker also suggests that an earnings recession is possible, but it may not be industry-wide and could be more idiosyncratic, with certain companies experiencing more significant challenges. The consumer sector, in particular, may see a downturn in growth, which could contribute to an earnings recession. However, the market tends to look forward, and any negative earnings news may not have a significant impact on the broader market unless there are other macro issues.
The tech industry's unpredictability and volatility: Stay informed and adapt to the ever-changing tech landscape as dominant players can change and newcomers may fail
The technology industry is known for its unpredictability and volatility, both in the short and long term. Tech companies are often led by unconventional leaders who prioritize innovation over meeting quarterly earnings estimates. The industry is constantly searching for the next paradigm shift, making it challenging to predict future trends. For instance, once dominant players like IBM have seen their fortunes change, while newcomers like Theranos have made outlandish promises and failed. The ongoing earnings recession in 2019 is an interesting development to watch. As co-hosts Tracy Alloway and Joe Weisenthal discussed with Lee Drutman, the tech landscape is filled with wild cards, and it's crucial for investors and observers to stay informed and adapt to the ever-changing landscape. If you're interested in diving deeper into the world of finance and money, be sure to check out Bloomberg's new podcast, Money Stuff, featuring Matt Levine and Katie Greifelt.