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    The Argument: Why the G.O.P. Can't Stop Saying 'Gay'

    enMay 03, 2022

    Podcast Summary

    • Parental Rights Bills: A New Debate on LGBTQ RightsThe introduction of parental rights bills in Republican-led state legislatures aims to restrict LGBTQ education and rights, but the impact on the community could be harmful according to some experts.

      The ongoing debate around LGBTQ rights in the US has reached a new level with the introduction of various pieces of legislation, often referred to as "parental rights bills," in Republican-led state legislatures. These bills aim to restrict what can be taught in classrooms, who can participate in sports, and access to medical treatments related to gender identity. Jane Kosten, host of The Argument podcast, discussed this topic with New York Times opinion columnists Ross Douthat and Michelle Goldberg. Douthat explained that the shift in sexual identification among young people, particularly in the Gen Z population, has accelerated significantly since the legalization of same-sex marriage. While some view this as a positive development, Douthat believes that the ethos behind these bills is dangerous and could lead to harmful consequences for the LGBTQ community. Overall, the conversation highlighted the importance of understanding the complexities and implications of these legislative efforts.

    • Understanding the Complexity of Gender IdentityDebate over gender identity legislation reflects conflicting perspectives on its implications for society, with some viewing it as natural expression of diversity and others as passing phase or source of contagion.

      The discussion revolves around the complex and evolving understanding of gender identity, particularly in relation to younger generations. Some see it as a natural expression of human diversity that should be encouraged, while others view it as a passing phase or a potential source of social contagion. The debate has led to various legislative efforts in conservative states, reflecting differing perspectives on normativity and the role of law in shaping identity. Michelle has been reporting on these developments, and she agrees with Ross' assessment that these bills are driven by conflicting perspectives on gender identity and its implications for society. The conversation also drew parallels to the debate over critical race theory, highlighting the importance of nuanced discussions and avoiding oversimplifications or ideological assumptions.

    • The debate goes beyond curriculum, addressing language and societal impactCritics argue that certain bills restrict discussions on gender and sexuality, potentially persecuting teachers and silencing trans identities, while others believe it's essential to recognize the shared experiences of gender nonconforming, LGBTQ+, and trans kids in terms of prejudice and discrimination.

      The ongoing debate around gender identity and LGBTQ+ issues in schools goes beyond just the academic curriculum. The conversation encompasses concerns about the language used, the potential impact on various communities, and the role of schools in shaping societal understanding. Critics argue that certain bills, under the guise of addressing age-inappropriate content, aim to silence discussions on gender and sexuality, potentially persecuting teachers and making the existence of trans identity unspeakable. These critics believe that those who express skepticism towards progressive gender approaches are inadvertently handing tools to the anti-LGBTQ+ movement. However, it's essential to recognize that the experiences of gender nonconforming, LGBTQ+, and trans kids share similarities in terms of prejudice and discrimination. The Florida bill, for instance, is not solely about sex education but aims to restrict classroom instruction on sexual orientation and gender identity for younger students. The ambiguity surrounding age-appropriateness and developmental appropriateness raises questions about the potential consequences and the need for clearer guidelines.

    • Balancing Access to Gender-Affirming Care and SafeguardsEnsure access to necessary gender-affirming care while implementing safeguards to protect individuals from potential harm.

      The complex issue of gender identity and access to gender-affirming care is a contentious topic with valid concerns on both sides. On one hand, there is a pressing need for affirming care for transgender individuals, particularly in areas where it is being restricted or criminalized. On the other hand, there are valid concerns about the potential co-occurrence of mental health conditions and the possibility of some individuals regretting their transitions. The discussion also touched upon the societal perception of transgender individuals, with trans women often being stigmatized as adults and trans men as children who may grow out of their gender identity. The context and underlying factors contributing to the rise in transgender individuals seeking care are crucial to consider. Ultimately, it is essential to strike a balance between ensuring access to necessary care and implementing necessary safeguards to protect individuals from potential harm.

    • The shift in societal acceptance of LGBTQ+ identities is complex and multifacetedThe shift in societal acceptance of LGBTQ+ identities is due to a combination of social affirmation and individual experiences, and it's crucial to approach these topics with nuance and understanding, recognizing their impact on individuals of all ages.

      The shift in societal acceptance of LGBTQ+ identities and issues, particularly in recent years, can be attributed to both social affirmation and complex individual experiences. While some argue that this shift is primarily due to social affirmation, others, including social conservatives, believe it is a result of societal changes. It's important to acknowledge that this debate is complex and multifaceted, with some positive outcomes for individuals who identify as LGBTQ+, but also potential errors and concerns. The conversation around these issues often focuses on adults, with debates centered around protecting children or allegations of grooming. However, it's crucial to remember that policies and discussions impact individuals of all ages, and it's essential to approach these topics with nuance and understanding.

    • Parental Rights vs Inclusive Education: Balancing RespectThe debate around teaching gender identity and sexual orientation in schools requires balancing parents' rights with children's needs for understanding and acceptance, while defining what constitutes instruction remains ambiguous.

      The ongoing debate around parental rights and children's education regarding gender identity and sexual orientation is a complex issue with various perspectives. While some believe these topics are being pushed too early in schools, others argue that it's essential for inclusive education. The ambiguity lies in defining what constitutes "instruction" on these subjects. Some view it as formal curriculum, while others consider casual conversations as instruction. The Florida law's ambiguous definition of instruction has led to concerns about potential overreach, especially when it comes to investigating parents' decisions about their children's transitions. Ultimately, it's crucial to find a balance that respects both parents' rights and children's needs for understanding and acceptance in a diverse society.

    • Gender roles and LGBTQ+ rights: Complex and multifaceted debatesHistorical gender roles have evolved, leading to debates around LGBTQ+ rights and traditional orders. Understanding individual experiences and contemporary implications is crucial.

      Gender roles have historically been a central organizing principle in human societies, but modernity has led to more similar roles for men and women, resulting in backlashes and attempts to recreate traditional orders. This dynamic is particularly relevant when discussing the ongoing debates around LGBTQ+ rights and the role of the government in regulating these issues. For instance, some individuals believe that the broader social breakdown in the United States has led to an increase in anxiety and fear, which has been exploited by the right to push back against perceived threats to traditional gender roles. However, it's essential to understand that for many LGBTQ+ adults, their identity is not a choice but rather the result of an experience or realization that occurred at some point in their lives. The significant shift in self-identification among American youth in recent years further highlights this point. The ongoing debates surrounding LGBTQ+ rights and gender roles are complex and multifaceted, with deep historical roots and contemporary implications. It's crucial to approach these discussions with nuance and understanding, recognizing that the experiences and perspectives of individuals vary widely.

    • The debate over sexual identity and acceptanceThe narrative around sexual identity and acceptance has shifted from deeply ingrained sexuality to fluid gender identity, raising concerns about lack of evidence and potential harm from medical interventions for trans-identifying youth, and ethical questions regarding state intervention in family decisions.

      The discourse surrounding sexual identity and acceptance has significantly evolved, leading to debates over the nature of sexual orientation and gender identity. The core argument for same-sex marriage and acceptance of homosexuality was once based on the idea that sexuality is deeply ingrained and not a choice. However, the narrative has shifted, and there is now a widespread belief that gender identity is fluid. While some argue that this shift is a natural progression, others express concern over the lack of substantial evidence and potential harm from medical interventions for trans-identifying youth. The conversation around this issue is contentious and raises ethical questions, particularly regarding state intervention in family decisions. It remains to be seen whether this debate is a political strategy or a genuine concern, and where Democrats stand on this issue and how they should respond.

    • Democratic and Republican Perspectives on Transgender RightsBoth Democrats and Republicans have complex perspectives on transgender rights, with Democrats balancing gender-affirming policies and uneasy voter concerns, and Republicans using it as a political tool against progressive corporations and internal pressure.

      The debate surrounding transgender rights in the United States is a complex issue that can be used as a political wedge by both Democrats and Republicans. From a Democratic perspective, there is a tension between supporting maximally gender-affirming policies and addressing concerns of uneasy voters. The comparison was drawn to the issue of abortion and abortion regret, where studies show most women do not regret their decisions but the right continues to focus on those who do. However, due to intense fear of playing into the right's hands, it is challenging for liberals to have dispassionate discussions about treatments and policies regarding transgender individuals. From the Republican perspective, the debate can be seen as part of a larger pattern of using politics to balance against progressive corporations and internal pressure. The end game for Republicans remains unclear, but overreach could lead to unpopular consequences. It is crucial for both sides to understand the underlying dynamics driving the backlash against transgender rights and to engage in open, respectful dialogue.

    • Understanding LGBTQ policies through liberal valuesNot all LGBTQ policies require reactions, thoughtful policy-making aligns with liberal values

      The ongoing cultural debates surrounding LGBTQ issues should not be driven by reactions to the opposing side, but rather by a clear understanding of what policies align with liberal values. Michelle Ross and Jane Coaston, New York Times opinion columnists, discussed the importance of this perspective during their heated yet respectful debate on the topic. While the discussion touched upon various aspects of the LGBTQ community, including the controversy surrounding gender transitions and the regrettable rate among those who undergo medical procedures, it's important to note that not all trans individuals pursue medical transitions. According to research, only about 1% of those who have undergone gender-affirming surgeries regret their decisions. The conversation highlighted the need for thoughtful, non-reactive policy-making, and we encourage our listeners to engage in respectful debates and share their thoughts on the topic. The Argument is a production of New York Times opinion.

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    You can find transcripts (posted midday) and more episodes of “The Ezra Klein Show” at nytimes.com/ezra-klein-podcast. Book recommendations from all our guests are listed at https://www.nytimes.com/article/ezra-klein-show-book-recs.

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    Your Mind Is Being Fracked

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    Burnett is a professor of the history of science at Princeton University and is working on a book about the laboratory study of attention. He’s also a co-founder of the Strother School of Radical Attention, which is a kind of grass roots, artistic effort to create a curriculum for studying attention.

    In this conversation, we talk about how the 20th-century study of attention laid the groundwork for today’s attention economy, the connection between changing ideas of attention and changing ideas of the self, how we even define attention (this episode is worth listening to for Burnett’s collection of beautiful metaphors alone), whether the concern over our shrinking attention spans is simply a moral panic, what it means to teach attention and more.

    Mentioned:

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    Powerful Forces Are Fracking Our Attention. We Can Fight Back.” by D. Graham Burnett, Alyssa Loh and Peter Schmidt

    Scenes of Attention edited by D. Graham Burnett and Justin E. H. Smith

    Book Recommendations:

    Addiction by Design by Natasha Dow Schüll

    Objectivity by Lorraine Daston and Peter L. Galison

    The Confidence-Man by Herman Melville

    Thoughts? Guest suggestions? Email us at ezrakleinshow@nytimes.com.

    You can find transcripts (posted midday) and more episodes of “The Ezra Klein Show” at nytimes.com/ezra-klein-podcast. Book recommendations from all our guests are listed at https://www.nytimes.com/article/ezra-klein-show-book-recs.

    This episode of “The Ezra Klein Show” was produced by Rollin Hu and Kristin Lin. Fact-checking by Michelle Harris, with Mary Marge Locker and Kate Sinclair. Our senior engineer is Jeff Geld, with additional mixing by Isaac Jones and Aman Sahota. Our senior editor is Claire Gordon. The show’s production team also includes Annie Galvin and Elias Isquith. Original music by Isaac Jones and Aman Sahota. Audience strategy by Kristina Samulewski and Shannon Busta. The executive producer of New York Times Opinion Audio is Annie-Rose Strasser. Special thanks to Sonia Herrero.

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    ‘Artificial Intelligence?’ No, Collective Intelligence.

    ‘Artificial Intelligence?’ No, Collective Intelligence.

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    Holly Herndon offered one answer with her 2019 album “PROTO.” Along with Mathew Dryhurst and the programmer Jules LaPlace, she built an A.I. called “Spawn” trained on human voices that adds an uncanny yet oddly personal layer to the music. Beyond her music and visual art, Herndon is trying to solve a problem that many creative people are encountering as A.I. becomes more prominent: How do you encourage experimentation without stealing others’ work to train A.I. models? Along with Dryhurst, Jordan Meyer and Patrick Hoepner, she co-founded Spawning, a company figuring out how to allow artists — and all of us creating content on the internet — to “consent” to our work being used as training data.

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    xhairymutantx” by Holly Herndon and Mat Dryhurst, for the Whitney Museum of Art

    Fade” by Holly Herndon

    Swim” by Holly Herndon

    Jolene” by Holly Herndon and Holly+

    Movement” by Holly Herndon

    Chorus” by Holly Herndon

    Godmother” by Holly Herndon

    The Precision of Infinity” by Jlin and Philip Glass

    Holly+

    Book Recommendations:

    Intelligence and Spirit by Reza Negarestani

    Children of Time by Adrian Tchaikovsky

    Plurality by E. Glen Weyl, Audrey Tang and ⿻ Community

    Thoughts? Guest suggestions? Email us at ezrakleinshow@nytimes.com.

    You can find transcripts (posted midday) and more episodes of “The Ezra Klein Show” at nytimes.com/ezra-klein-podcast. Book recommendations from all our guests are listed at https://www.nytimes.com/article/ezra-klein-show-book-recs.

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    enMay 24, 2024

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    A Conservative Futurist and a Supply-Side Liberal Walk Into a Podcast …

    “The Jetsons” premiered in 1962. And based on the internal math of the show, George Jetson, the dad, was born in 2022. He’d be a toddler right now. And we are so far away from the world that show imagined. There were a lot of future-trippers in the 1960s, and most of them would be pretty disappointed by how that future turned out.

    So what happened? Why didn’t we build that future?

    The answer, I think, lies in the 1970s. I’ve been spending a lot of time studying that decade in my work, trying to understand why America is so bad at building today. And James Pethokoukis has also spent a lot of time looking at the 1970s, in his work trying to understand why America is less innovative today than it was in the postwar decades. So Pethokoukis and I are asking similar questions, and circling the same time period, but from very different ideological vantages.

    Pethokoukis is a senior fellow at the American Enterprise Institute, and author of the book “The Conservative Futurist: How to Create the Sci-Fi World We Were Promised.” He also writes a newsletter called Faster, Please! “The two screamingly obvious things that we stopped doing is we stopped spending on science, research and development the way we did in the 1960s,” he tells me, “and we began to regulate our economy as if regulation would have no impact on innovation.”

    In this conversation, we debate why the ’70s were such an inflection point; whether this slowdown phenomenon is just something that happens as countries get wealthier; and what the government’s role should be in supporting and regulating emerging technologies like A.I.

    Mentioned:

    U.S. Infrastructure: 1929-2017” by Ray C. Fair

    Book Recommendations

    Why Information Grows by Cesar Hidalgo

    The Expanse series by James S.A. Corey

    The American Dream Is Not Dead by Michael R. Strain

    Thoughts? Guest suggestions? Email us at ezrakleinshow@nytimes.com.

    You can find transcripts (posted midday) and more episodes of “The Ezra Klein Show” at nytimes.com/ezra-klein-podcast. Book recommendations from all our guests are listed at https://www.nytimes.com/article/ezra-klein-show-book-recs.

    This episode of “The Ezra Klein Show” was produced by Rollin Hu. Fact-checking by Michelle Harris, with Mary Marge Locker and Kate Sinclair. Our senior engineer is Jeff Geld, with additional mixing by Aman Sahota. Our senior editor is Claire Gordon. The show’s production team also includes Annie Galvin, Elias Isquith and Kristin Lin. Original music by Isaac Jones. Audience strategy by Kristina Samulewski and Shannon Busta. The executive producer of New York Times Opinion Audio is Annie-Rose Strasser. And special thanks to Sonia Herrero.

    The Ezra Klein Show
    enMay 21, 2024

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