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    • The power of continuous learning and self-improvementExplore new things, read widely, take notes, and practice daily to discover and develop skills, access a vast knowledge base, and make the most of technology to build your own database of insights.

      Continuous learning and self-improvement can lead to remarkable personal growth and success. The speaker shares his experience of being inspired by Jay Z's memoir, Decoded, and how it reminded him of his own journey in rap and entrepreneurship. He emphasizes the importance of daily practice, whether it's writing rhymes or reading and taking notes, as a way to discover and develop one's voice and skills. The speaker also highlights the value of having access to a vast knowledge base, as he did with Jay Z's music and wisdom, and how it can be a powerful tool for personal and professional growth. He encourages listeners to explore new things, read widely, and take notes to build their own database of knowledge and insights. The speaker's partnership with Readwise is an example of how technology can help individuals access and make the most of this collective knowledge, making it an invaluable resource for anyone looking to learn and grow.

    • The power of belief and practice in entrepreneurshipBelief in oneself and relentless practice are crucial for entrepreneurial success. Michael Jordan, Kanye West, and Jay Z all emphasized the importance of dedication to their craft before achieving recognition.

      That belief and practice are crucial elements for entrepreneurial success. Jay Z's experience of witnessing the birth of hip hop and his belief that he could do it despite having no experience, combined with his relentless practice, is a common theme among history's greatest entrepreneurs. Michael Jordan and Kanye West, two notable figures, also emphasized the importance of practice and dedication to their craft, even before they gained public recognition. The public often praises people for their accomplishments, but the years of hard work and practice that come before are just as important. Entrepreneurship requires a strong belief in oneself and an unwavering commitment to continuous learning and improvement.

    • From retail experience to retail empireSuccess doesn't come overnight. It takes years of hard work, practice, and determination to achieve your goals, as demonstrated by Sam Walton and Jay Z.

      Both Sam Walton and Jay Z's success stories were not overnight accomplishments, but rather the result of years of hard work, practice, and determination. Sam Walton's first Walmart store may have opened when he was 44 years old, but it was an outgrowth of his 12-14 years of retail experience and learning from his previous small stores. Jay Z saw rap music as an opportunity to reimagine his world and recreate himself, just as Steven Spielberg did with filmmaking. Both Jay Z and Sam Walton practiced relentlessly in their respective domains, with Jay Z spending his free time reading the dictionary and building his vocabulary, and Sam Walton learning from his failures and successes in retail. The importance of practice and persistence, as demonstrated by Michael Jordan and Jordan himself, cannot be overstated in the journey towards achieving success.

    • Learning from the Past and Recognizing OpportunitiesStudy great people in your field, learn from their techniques, and seize opportunities in emerging industries to succeed.

      Importance of studying the great people who came before you and learning from their approaches to their craft. Jay Z, in his book, shares how he admired and learned from rap legends like Run DMC and applied their techniques to his own music. Mark Andreessen also emphasized the significance of working in industries where the founders are still in charge. Jay Z saw this opportunity in the emerging rap industry and seized it, recognizing its potential for growth. The discussion also highlights Jay Z's upbringing and the harsh realities of the crack epidemic in the 1980s, which influenced his experiences and motivated him to hustle and succeed. Overall, this conversation underscores the value of learning from the past, recognizing opportunities, and persevering through challenges.

    • Growing up in a dangerous environment made Jay Z question his rap dreamsJay Z's determination and learning from idols led him to a successful rap career despite his challenging upbringing

      Shawn Carter, better known as Jay Z, grew up in a dangerous environment where he was forced to hustle and sell drugs to survive. This harsh reality made him question his dreams of pursuing rap as a career. However, seeing the success of rappers like Biggie Smalls and Taurus Ransom inspired him to keep going. Jay Z's determination paid off when he met one of his idols, Big Daddy Kane, who put him on an album and gave him the confidence to believe in his own abilities. Throughout his journey, Jay Z learned the importance of studying the greats who came before him and striving for excellence in his art. Despite the challenges he faced, Jay Z's story serves as a reminder that with hard work and perseverance, it's possible to turn even the most unlikely circumstances into a successful career.

    • Jay Z's Values of Authenticity and Differentiation in Music and BusinessBuild something unique and authentic, learn from those who came before, and stay true to yourself in both music and business.

      Jay Z values authenticity and differentiation in both music and business, as evidenced by his long-lasting career and his admiration for Rick Rubin. He emphasizes the importance of building something unique and not following the crowd, as well as learning from those who came before. Jay Z's approach to music and life is multifaceted, and he sees himself as a poet and a hustler, using metaphors to express the human struggle. He values introversion and guardedness, especially when it comes to the media, but once relationships are built, he is open and expressive. In the context of entrepreneurship, Jay Z's lyrics in "American Dreaming" reflect the dreams and aspirations of young people, no matter where they are, and the importance of staying true to oneself and building something unique.

    • Identifying and pursuing the right marketDream about future success, adapt when plans don't work, and understand the market to increase chances of entrepreneurial success.

      The power of visualization and the importance of identifying and pursuing the right market in entrepreneurship. Jay Z emphasizes the significance of dreaming about future success and the need to adapt when initial plans don't work out. He encourages changing the target, or market, instead of abandoning the aim. Warren Buffett and Marc Andreessen also emphasize the importance of picking the right market for business success. Jay Z's lyrics demonstrate his efficiency in communicating complex ideas through rap music, leaving a lasting impact on listeners. Ultimately, the discussion highlights the importance of staying focused on the goal, adapting when necessary, and understanding the market to increase the chances of entrepreneurial success.

    • Lessons from Successful Entrepreneurs and High AchieversSuccessful entrepreneurs and high achievers prioritize cash flow, high gross margins, and learning from experience. They emphasize the importance of financial acumen, hard work, and mentorship.

      Successful entrepreneurs and high achievers, whether in business or sports, emphasize the importance of cash flow, high gross margins, and gaining valuable insights through experience. Jay Z and Don Valentine both stress the significance of avoiding financial droughts and understanding the fundamentals of your industry. Jay Z's mentor, Big Daddy Kane, taught him the importance of breath control, wordplay, and stacking rhymes, which can be applied to various aspects of life, including business and personal growth. Kobe Bryant, too, learned from Michael Jordan's footwork, spacing, and timing. Both Jay Z and Kobe emphasized the importance of learning from those who came before them and being generous to those coming up behind them. Overall, these individuals' stories highlight the importance of financial acumen, hard work, and the value of mentorship and education.

    • Success is a collective achievementSuccess is built on the foundation of those who came before us. Humility, gratitude, and perseverance are essential for achieving and maintaining it.

      Success is not an individual achievement, but rather a collective one built on the foundation laid by those who came before us. This was a recurring theme in the discussion, with references to Steve Jobs, Kobe Bryant, and various industry pioneers like Intel's Bob Noyce, HP's Bill Hewlett and David Packard. Kobe Bryant shared his disdain for discussions about who would win in a 1-on-1 match against Michael Jordan, emphasizing that he wouldn't have achieved his five championships without Jordan's guidance. Steve Jobs, in his final days, expressed similar sentiments, acknowledging the contributions of those who helped him build Apple into a lasting company. This idea was further illustrated by examples from the worlds of music and business. Jay Z mentored Memphis Bleak, encouraging him to stay on his grind and not let success slip away. Herb Keller, the founder of Southwest Airlines, echoed this sentiment, stating that success must be earned continually. In essence, the discussion underscored the importance of humility, gratitude, and perseverance in achieving and maintaining success. It's a reminder that every generation builds on the work of the one before it, and that the greatest contributions are those that endure for generations.

    • Staying Hungry: The Key to Maintaining SuccessStaying hungry and treating every project as your first is essential for maintaining success. Great works challenge us to explore their depths further, and hustlers use head fakes and faints to stay ahead.

      Success requires staying hungry and treating every project as if it's your first, no matter how much money you have. Jay Z and Biggie Smalls emphasize the importance of this mindset, drawing parallels to entrepreneurship and the need to continuously challenge oneself. As Diddy advised Biggie, staying above water and staying busy are keys to maintaining success. Additionally, great works of art, whether in music or literature, should leave us pondering and challenging us to explore their depths further. The value of a head fake or a faint, as Jay Z puts it, is a strategy used by hustlers to keep one step ahead, much like Reid Hoffman's tactic in the early history of PayPal. Ultimately, success is earned through dedication, hard work, and a willingness to adapt and innovate.

    • The drive to compete and win inspires individuals to succeedIndividuals, including successful ones like Jay Z and Bono, feel pressure and competition, fueling their determination to surpass others and achieve their goals. Jay Z's 'founder mentality' of seeking wealth, excitement, and freedom led him to overcome adversity and find success.

      Even the most successful and famous individuals, like Jay Z and Bono, continue to feel pressure and competition, driving them to be their best selves. Jay Z, in particular, learned from the greats but also aimed to surpass them. The desire to compete and win, as expressed by Jordan, was a common theme. Jay Z's "founder mentality" of wanting wealth, excitement, and freedom from societal rules inspired him to pursue success, even in the face of adversity. The hustle and determination of individuals, regardless of their circumstances, can lead them to unexpected opportunities and achievements.

    • The pitfalls of relying on external validationTrust your intuition, stay true to your art, and don't rely solely on external validation for success.

      The music industry can be deceitful and exploitative, and relying on external validation for artistic success can lead to disappointment. Jay Z recounts his friend Jazz's experience of getting signed to a major record label, only to find out that the label didn't add much value to his music. Despite being given a significant advance and working with successful producers, Jazz's debut album didn't sound much different from his demos. The executives at the label even tried to poach Jay Z for a solo career after Jazz's album failed. This experience left Jazz disillusioned and led him to give up on his rap dreams. However, this setback served as a powerful motivator for Jay Z to focus on his own path to success. He learned that studying the greats and creating his own label was the best way to achieve his goals. The story highlights the importance of trusting one's intuition, staying true to one's art, and not relying solely on external validation for success.

    • Russell Simmons: Visionary Hip Hop EntrepreneurRussell Simmons, co-founder of Def Jam Records, built a billion-dollar business by focusing on product quality, creator independence, and hustle. His legacy inspires entrepreneurs to prioritize their product and people over sales and marketing.

      Russell Simmons, co-founder of Def Jam Records, was a visionary who turned the hip hop industry into a billion-dollar business by understanding the power of culture and hustle. He made being a CEO seem cool and profitable, inspiring a generation to embrace the founder mentality of independence, wealth, and success outside of mainstream rules. Simmons' ability to believe in the quality of his product and leverage it to secure lucrative deals set him apart. He knew that great products and the hustle to move them were the ultimate advantages in competition. By putting the creators at the center of the business, he built a strong company that thrived, unlike those that prioritized sales and marketing over product creation and lost their key talent. Russell Simmons was one of the first people to profit from the birth of the hip hop industry, and his legacy continues to inspire entrepreneurs today.

    • Create and sell your own products, build a narrative around themFocus on creating and selling your own products, build a strong brand narrative, and continuously strive for self-improvement to become unstoppable

      Having a great product and the hustle to sell it are key to becoming unstoppable. Naval Ravikant emphasized this idea, as seen in his own success and the story of Rockaway, a clothing company he founded. Instead of endorsing others' products, Jay-Z decided to create his own and build a narrative around them, allowing consumers to become part of the story. This approach led to his immense wealth. Additionally, Jay-Z learned that focusing on his own growth and improvement, rather than competing with others, is a more productive use of his time and energy. These insights can inspire us to create and sell our own products, build a strong brand narrative, and continuously strive for self-improvement.

    • Streets and challenges shape artists into resilient individualsArtists transform experiences into valuable creations, inspiring positivity and innovation

      The streets and challenging experiences have shaped individuals into stronger, more resilient people. Through art and music, these lessons can be redeemed and used to make a positive impact on the world. Jay-Z's analysis of Jean Michel Basquiat's work serves as an example of this, as both artists have used their experiences to create something new and original. Basquiat's technique, which feels like hip hop, is a result of combining different traditions and techniques, much like how Steve Jobs incorporated ideas from his mentors into his own work. Ultimately, the value of these artists' work far surpasses the monetary cost, offering a wealth of ideas and inspiration.

    • Staying true to values and vision for successInspiration from figures like Shackleton, Jordan, and Jobs helps keep focus on goals and authenticity, despite challenges and market demands.

      Having meaningful reminders and staying true to one's values and vision are essential for success and avoiding the pitfalls that come with it. The speaker shares how he is inspired by figures like Ernest Shackleton and Michael Jordan, who remained focused on their goals despite challenges. He also mentions Steve Jobs, who refused to compromise Apple's product quality and instead led the company to create innovative and game-changing products. The speaker emphasizes the importance of staying authentic and not getting swayed by market demands or the fear of losing relevance. By having these reminders around him, the speaker is able to keep his focus and endure the challenges that come with success.

    • Navigating challenges and connecting dots in art and businessBeing informed and treating art as a business increases the likelihood of long-term success in the industry.

      Longevity is the ultimate goal for success in any field, as exemplified by Jay Z's career in music. Jay Z's ability to navigate the challenges of the industry and connect the dots between art and business has allowed him to thrive for decades. The speaker emphasizes the importance of being informed and treating art as a business, rather than a vow of poverty. This mindset, combined with natural talent, increases the likelihood of long-term success. The speaker also warns against the glamorization of failed or struggling artists and encourages a focus on building a sustainable career. As Bill Gurley once said, "Be the best informed person in your field."

    • The power of visualization and belief in oneself for successSuccessful individuals like Jay Z, Bob Noyce, Estee Lauder, Edwin Land, Steve Jobs, and Arnold Schwarzenegger emphasize the importance of having a clear mind, believing in oneself, and visualizing success before it becomes a reality.

      The importance of having a clear mind and believing in oneself for success. Jay Z, like other successful individuals such as Bob Noyce, Estee Lauder, Edwin Land, Steve Jobs, and Arnold Schwarzenegger, emphasizes the power of visualization and intuition. They all saw their success in their minds before it became a reality. The speaker shares his experience of having this conversation with a listener, who also recognized the value of intuition and belief in oneself. Jay Z's dedication to his craft, as shown in his lyrics, is also highlighted as a key factor in his success. The speaker admires Jordan's dedication and laser-like commitment to excellence, which is a through line in all successful individuals, whether in music or sports. The speaker encourages listeners to trust their intuition and believe in their ability to succeed, even in uncertain situations.

    • The importance of work ethic and adaptability in achieving greatnessSuccess requires more than natural talent - it demands discipline, hard work, a relentless pursuit of excellence, and the ability to adapt to change.

      Natural talent alone is not enough to achieve greatness. Jay Z, a successful rapper and entrepreneur, emphasizes the importance of discipline, hard work, and a relentless pursuit of excellence in addition to inherent ability. He looks for individuals with a strong work ethic and drive when discovering new talent, just as he did with J. Cole. Jay Z also values flexibility and the ability to evolve, which has allowed him to stay open to new opportunities and ideas throughout his career. This mindset, as expressed by Jay Z and other successful individuals like Bill Gates, Warren Buffett, and Elon Musk, is essential for founders and anyone striving for success. Furthermore, Jay Z's experiences, including being abandoned by his father, have taught him the importance of staying open to change and adapting to new situations.

    • The impact of absent fathers in hip hop musicHip hop artists, like Jay Z, address the generational curse of absent fathers and irresponsible behavior towards children through their music, highlighting the importance of taking responsibility and creating generational wealth to break the cycle.

      The absence of a father figure and irresponsible behavior towards children is a generational curse that hip hop artists, like Jay Z, have sought to address through their music. Jay Z grew up in an environment where fathers were often absent, and he saw the impact of this firsthand. He witnessed a friend abandon his responsibilities as a father, and this behavior was considered despicable and unacceptable. Jay Z's father also instilled in him the importance of being aware of his surroundings and taking responsibility for his actions. Hip hop music became a powerful tool for commenting on this reality and creating a stigma around absent fatherhood. The burden of poverty goes beyond just the lack of material possessions; it also brings a constant feeling of shame and embarrassment. Despite financial success, this shame can never fully be shaken off. The generational inflection point occurs when one person, like Neo in the Matrix, rises above poverty and creates generational wealth, providing a way out for their family and future generations.

    • The power of mentorship and confidenceMentors and confidence play crucial roles in personal growth and success. Their belief and encouragement can help individuals realize their potential and overcome challenges.

      Mentorship and confidence play crucial roles in personal growth and success. The experiences of others, whether learned through books or personal relationships, can accelerate learning and provide valuable insights. Confidence, projected or developed, is essential for pushing through challenges and realizing one's potential. Jay Z's transformation from a drug dealer to a rapper was influenced by mentors who recognized his talent and encouraged him to pursue his dreams. Their belief in him, combined with his own determination, propelled him to cross over into a new life. Similarly, individuals who encourage and support younger generations can help them discover and develop their unique strengths, ultimately making them self-sufficient. The power of mentorship and confidence cannot be overstated in shaping the trajectory of individuals and future generations.

    • Persistence and determination are crucial for successBeing willing to face challenges head-on and stay committed to your goals can lead to success, even when faced with significant obstacles

      Persistence and determination are key to success. Whether it's starting a record label or making a business deal, being willing to go the extra mile and face challenges head-on can make all the difference. Jay Z's experiences in the early days of his career, as well as the story of Sam Brantman, illustrate this idea. Both men faced significant obstacles and setbacks, but their unwavering commitment to their goals ultimately paid off. Additionally, embracing one's contradictions and recognizing the complexity of the human experience is an essential aspect of rap music and life in general. The real challenge is not pretending to be one thing or another, but rather being true to oneself and embracing the unexpected dimensions and opposing ideas that make us who we are.

    • Persisting through rejection with creativityCreativity and determination can help overcome obstacles and lead to success. Write down your goals, control your work, and persist through rejection with a unique approach.

      Determination and creativity can help overcome obstacles in achieving goals, even in the face of rejection. Jay Z shared his experience of being denied the rights to use a song from Annie, but instead of giving up, he wrote a persuasive letter based on a fabricated backstory. This led to the clearance of the song and one of his biggest hits. Jay Z also emphasized the importance of writing down goals and having full control over one's work to ensure success in the long run. He started his own record label, Rockefeller Records, with limited resources and hustled to build relationships and distribute his music. The key to their success was their persistence and the belief that they could achieve their goals despite the challenges they faced.

    • Lesson from Biggie Smalls: Stay Focused and AlertWorking with Biggie Smalls taught an artist the importance of staying focused and alert in the music industry, even if it meant sacrificing personal beliefs. Inspiration from Biggie and other greats led him to success through dedication and hard work.

      Success in the music industry, or any industry for that matter, requires unwavering focus and dedication. This is exemplified in the story of an artist who, in the late 90s, had the opportunity to work with legendary rapper Biggie Smalls. Despite his initial reluctance to smoke marijuana, which went against his hustler mindset, he ultimately gave in during a recording session. However, this experience served as a valuable lesson for him, as Biggie emphasized the importance of staying alert and focused in the competitive world of music. The artist also admired Biggie's intelligence and charisma, and was inspired by his ability to hide deeper emotions behind his witty rhymes. Ultimately, the artist learned that actions speak louder than words, and that success comes to those who are willing to put in the work and stay committed to their goals. Additionally, the artist drew inspiration from other greats in the industry, such as Slick Rick, who used his wit and humor to connect with audiences and hide deeper emotions in his music.

    • The Power of Rap Music to Express Deep Emotions and Tackle Taboo SubjectsRap music, inspired by artists like Slick Rick and Scarface, can emotionally connect listeners and tackle unspoken emotions and experiences. Encouragement from respected figures in the field played a significant role in the success of Slick Rick, Scarface, and Kanye West.

      Rap music, as taught by artists like Slick Rick and Scarface, has the power to express deep emotions and tackle taboo subjects that people may not feel they can discuss openly. Slick Rick's influence came from his ability to emotionally connect with listeners through his music, while Scarface was known for his raw, authentic storytelling. Kanye West, inspired by these artists, demonstrated relentless resourcefulness and determination to be taken seriously as a rapper, ultimately receiving validation from Scarface himself. Encouragement from respected figures in their fields played a significant role in the success stories of both Slick Rick, Scarface, and Kanye West. The importance of encouragement and the power of rap music to tackle unspoken emotions and experiences continues to resonate.

    • Feeling lost and confused even after achieving successSuccessful people like Jay Z have experienced feelings of fear, regret, and confusion, and it's essential to give ourselves space to think and create, rather than constantly comparing ourselves to others.

      Successful entrepreneurs and artists, like Jay Z, have faced feelings of fear, regret, and confusion in their lives. Jay Z shares his experiences of feeling lost and confused during his early days, while watching his peers succeed. He emphasizes that everyone goes through these feelings, especially those from challenging backgrounds, who may not want to openly discuss them. Jay Z's song "Beach Chair," featuring Chris Martin, is a hidden gem in his catalog, where he talks about how even when we achieve our goals, the voice in our head's interrogation doesn't stop. Instead, it can become more insistent. He encourages giving ourselves space to think and create, rather than constantly checking in on others. Technology makes it easier to connect with others, but it's essential to stay connected to ourselves. Jay Z's talent lies in his ability to speak to his audience through his music, even before they fully understand the depth of his messages. He also emphasizes the importance of preparing the next generation for life's challenges.

    • Entrepreneurs leave behind more than just wealthSuccessful entrepreneurs share valuable insights and wisdom through their experiences, lessons, and stories, inspiring and guiding future generations.

      Successful entrepreneurs, like Jay Z, leave behind more than just wealth for future generations. They provide a blueprint for life through their experiences, lessons, and stories. Jay Z's autobiography is an excellent example of this, offering valuable insights and wisdom for readers, regardless of their familiarity with his music. Additionally, the speaker emphasizes the importance of preserving and sharing knowledge. He spends hours manually transferring notes and highlights from physical books into a searchable database for his podcast audience. This dedication to documenting and disseminating insights underscores the value of learning from the experiences of successful individuals and the importance of passing on their wisdom. Jay Z's autobiography, and the actions of successful entrepreneurs in general, serve as a testament to the power of storytelling and the impact it can have on our lives. By sharing their stories and lessons, these individuals allow us to connect with them on a deeper level and potentially find inspiration and guidance for our own lives.

    • Using Founders Notes to enhance learning experienceFounders Notes is a tool for adding notes and highlights to digital books, creating a valuable resource for entrepreneurs. Spending significant time enhancing books leads to a searchable database of knowledge. New features, like the Founders GPT chat interface, enhance the tool's functionality.

      The speaker uses the tool Founders Notes to enhance his learning experience by adding notes and highlights to digital books, creating a searchable database of entrepreneurial knowledge. He spends significant time on this process, averaging 3-6 hours per book over several years. The tool has evolved into a valuable resource, and he uses various features such as search highlights, the highlight feed, books feature, and favorites to access and revisit the information. He emphasizes that signing up now for Founders Notes is beneficial as new features will be free for existing users but may cost more for new users in the future. He is currently testing a new feature called the Founders GPT chat interface, which allows users to search and ask questions based on all the notes and highlights, as well as transcripts of every episode. The long-term vision for Founders Notes is to turn it into an ever-growing, valuable curriculum that condenses and clarifies the collective knowledge of history's greatest founders.

    • New one-time payment option for lifetime access to Founder NotesUsers can now affordably invest in Founder Notes' extensive library of entrepreneur interviews for long-term career growth

      Founder Notes, a tool created by the speaker for his own personal use to condense and clarify knowledge from over 339 episodes of interviews with founders, is now offering a one-time payment option for lifetime access to all of its content. This offer is a test, and may not be available indefinitely. The speaker believes that this feature will be valuable to users' careers as they can tap into the collective knowledge of history's greatest entrepreneurs. The one-time payment model makes Founder Notes an affordable and long-term investment for users. The speaker encourages those interested to sign up at Founder Notes' website before the offer expires. This new feature came about due to numerous requests from users for a way to access and search the platform's content beyond a subscription model. The speaker's experience with the success of Founder Notes, which was created in response to similar requests, leads him to believe that this new offer will also attract a large number of new users.

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    (38:00) A hatred of failure has always been part of my nature and one of the more pronounced motivating forces in my life.  Once I have committed myself to any undertaking, a powerful inner drive cuts in and I become intent on seeing it through to a satisfactory conclusion.

    (38:00) My own nature is such that I am able to concentrate on whatever is before me and am not easily distracted from it.

    (42:00) There are times when certain cards sit unclaimed in the common pile, when certain properties become available that will never be available again. A good businessman feels these moments like a fall in the barometric pressure. A great businessman is dumb enough to act on them even when he cannot afford to. — The Fish That Ate the Whale: The Life and Times of America's Banana King by Rich Cohen. (Founders #255)

    (47:00) [On transforming his company for the Saudi Arabia deal] The list of things to be done was awesome, but those things were done.

    (53:00) Churchill to his son: Your idle and lazy life is very offensive to me. You appear to be leading a perfectly useless existence.

    (54:00) My father's influence and example where the principle forces that formed my nature and character.

    ----

    I have listened to every episode released and look forward to every episode that comes out. The only criticism I would have is that after each podcast I usually want to buy the book because I am interested so my poor wallet suffers. ” — Gareth

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    #351 The Founder of Rolex: Hans Wilsdorf

    #351 The Founder of Rolex: Hans Wilsdorf

    What I learned from reading about Hans Wilsdorf and the founding of Rolex.

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    Can you give me a summary of Warren Buffett's best ideas? (Substitute any founder covered on the podcast and you'll get a comprehensive and easy to read summary of their ideas) 

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    ----

    (0:01) At the age of twelve I was an orphan.

    (1:00) My uncles made me become self-reliant very early in life. Looking back, I believe that it is to this, that much of my success is due.

    (9:00) The idea of wearing a watch on one's wrist was thought to be contrary to the conception of masculinity.

    (10:00) Prior to World War 1 wristwatches for men did not exist.

    (11:00) Business is problems. The best companies are just effective problem solving machines.

    (12:00) My personal opinion is that pocket watches will almost completely disappear and that wrist watches will replace them definitively! I am not mistaken in this opinion and you will see that I am right." —Hans Wilsdorf, 1914

    (14:00) The highest order bit is belief: I had very early realized the manifold possibilities of the wristlet watch and, feeling sure that they would materialize in time, I resolutely went on my way. Rolex was thus able to get several years ahead of other watch manufacturers who persisted in clinging to the pocket watch as their chief product.

    (16:00) Clearly, the companies for whom the economics of twenty-four-hour news would have made the most sense were the Big Three broadcasters. They already had most of what was needed— studios, bureaus, reporters, anchors almost everything but a belief in cable.   —  Ted Turner's Autobiography (Founders #327)

    (20:00) Business Breakdowns #65 Rolex: Timeless Excellence

    (27:00)   Rolex was effectively the first watch brand to have real marketing dollars put behind a watch. Rolex did this in a concentrated way and they've continued to do it in a way that is simply just unmatched by others in their industry.

    (28:00) It's tempting during recession to cut back on consumer advertising. At the start of each of the last three recessions, the growth of spending on such advertising had slowed by an average of 27 percent. But consumer studies of those recessions had showed that companies that didn't cut their ads had, in the recovery, captured the most market share. So we didn't cut our ad budget. In fact, we raised it to gain brand recognition, which continued advertising sustains. — Four Seasons: The Story of a Business Philosophy by Isadore Sharp. (Founders #184)

    (32:00) Social proof is a form of leverage. — Poor Charlie's Almanack: The Wit and Wisdom of Charlie Munger. (Founders #329)

    (34:00) What really matters is Hans understood the opportunity better than anybody else, and invested heavily in developing the technology to bring his ideas to fruition.

    (35:00) On keeping the main thing the main thing for decades: In developing and extending my business, I have always had certain aims in mind, a course from which I never deviated.

    (41:00) Rolex wanted to only be associated with the best. They ran an ad with the headline: Men who guide the destinies of the world, where Rolex watches.

    (43:00) Opportunity creates more opportunites. The Oyster unlocked the opportunity for the Perpetual.

    (44:00) The easier you make something for the customer, the larger the market gets: “My vision was to create the first fully packaged computer. We were no longer aiming for the handful of hobbyists who liked to assemble their own computers, who knew how to buy transformers and keyboards. For every one of them there were a thousand people who would want the machine to be ready to run.” — Steve Jobs

    (48:00) More sources:

    Rolex Jubilee: Vade Mecum by Hans Wilsdorf

    Rolex Magazine: The Hans Wilsdorf Years

    Hodinkee: Inside the Manufacture. Going Where Few Have Gone Before -- Inside All Four Rolex Manufacturing Facilities 

    Vintage Watchstraps Blog: Hans Wilsdorf and Rolex

    Business Breakdowns #65 Rolex: Timeless Excellence

    Luxury Strategy: Break the Rules of Marketing to Build Luxury Brands by Jean Noel Kapferer and Vincent Bastien 

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    #350 How To Sell Like Steve Jobs

    #350 How To Sell Like Steve Jobs

    What I learned from reading The Presentation Secrets of Steve Jobs: How to Be Insanely Great in Front of Any Audience by Carmine Gallo 

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    (1:00) You've got to start with the customer experience and work back toward the technology—not the other way around.  —Steve Jobs in 1997

    (6:00) Why should I care = What does this do for me?

    (6:00) The Match King: Ivar Kreuger, The Financial Genius Behind a Century of Wall Street Scandals by Frank Partnoy.  (Founders #348)

    (7:00) Easy to understand, easy to spread.

    (8:00) An American Saga: Juan Trippe and His Pan Am Empire by Robert Daley 

    (8:00) The Fish That Ate the Whale: The Life and Times of America's Banana King by Rich Cohen. (Founders #255)

    (9:00)  love how crystal clear this value proposition is. Instead of 3 days driving on dangerous road, it’s 1.5 hours by air. That’s a 48x improvement in time savings. This allows the company to work so much faster. The best B2B companies save businesses time.

    (10:00) Great Advertising Founders Episodes:

    Albert Lasker (Founders #206)

    Claude Hopkins (Founders #170 and #207)

    David Ogilvy (Founders #82, 89, 169, 189, 306, 343) 

    (12:00) Advertising which promises no benefit to the consumer does not sell, yet the majority of campaigns contain no promise whatever. (That is the most important sentence in this book. Read it again.) — Ogilvy on Advertising 

    (13:00) Repeat, repeat, repeat. Human nature has a flaw. We forget that we forget.

    (19:00) Start with the problem. Do not start talking about your product before you describe the problem your product solves.

    (23:00) The Invisible Billionaire: Daniel Ludwig by Jerry Shields. (Founders #292)

    (27:00) Being so well known has advantages of scale—what you might call an informational advantage.

    Psychologists use the term social proof. We are all influenced-subconsciously and, to some extent, consciously-by what we see others do and approve.

    Therefore, if everybody's buying something, we think it's better.

    We don't like to be the one guy who's out of step.

    The social proof phenomenon, which comes right out of psychology, gives huge advantages to scale.

    —  the NEW Poor Charlie's Almanack: The Wit and Wisdom of Charlie Munger (Founders #329)

    (29:00) Marketing is theatre.

    (32:00) Belief is irresistible. — Shoe Dog: A Memoir by the Creator of Nike by Phil Knight.  (Founders #186)

    (35:00) I think one of the things that really separates us from the high primates is that we’re tool builders. I read a study that measured the efficiency of locomotion for various species on the planet. The condor used the least energy to move a kilometer. And, humans came in with a rather unimpressive showing, about a third of the way down the list. It was not too proud a showing for the crown of creation. So, that didn’t look so good. But, then somebody at Scientific American had the insight to test the efficiency of locomotion for a man on a bicycle. And, a man on a bicycle, a human on a bicycle, blew the condor away, completely off the top of the charts.

    And that’s what a computer is to me. What a computer is to me is it’s the most remarkable tool that we’ve ever come up with, it’s the equivalent of a bicycle for our minds.

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    I have listened to every episode released and look forward to every episode that comes out. The only criticism I would have is that after each podcast I usually want to buy the book because I am interested so my poor wallet suffers. ” — Gareth

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    #349 How Steve Jobs Kept Things Simple

    #349 How Steve Jobs Kept Things Simple

    What I learned from reading Insanely Simple: The Obsession That Drives Apple's Success by Ken Segall. 

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    What are the most important leadership lessons from history's greatest entrepreneurs?

    Can you give me a summary of Warren Buffett's best ideas? (Substitute any founder covered on the podcast and you'll get a comprehensive and easy to read summary of their ideas) 

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    (1:30) Steve wanted Apple to make a product that was simply amazing and amazingly simple.

    (3:00) If you don’t zero in on your bureaucracy every so often, you will naturally build in layers. You never set out to add bureaucracy. You just get it. Period. Without even knowing it. So you always have to be looking to eliminate it.  — Sam Walton: Made In America by Sam Walton. (Founders #234)

    (5:00) Steve was always easy to understand. He would either approve a demo, or he would request to see something different next time. Whenever Steve reviewed a demo, he would say, often with highly detailed specificity, what he wanted to happen next.  — Creative Selection: Inside Apple's Design Process During the Golden Age of Steve Jobs by Ken Kocienda. (Founders #281)

    (7:00) Watch this video. Andy Miller tells GREAT Steve Jobs stories

    (10:00) Many are familiar with the re-emergence of Apple. They may not be as familiar with the fact that it has few, if any parallels.
    When did a founder ever return to the company from which he had been rudely rejected to engineer a turnaround as complete and spectacular as Apple's? While turnarounds are difficult in any circumstances they are doubly difficult in a technology company. It is not too much of a stretch to say that Steve founded Apple not once but twice. And the second time he was alone. 

    —  Return to the Little Kingdom: Steve Jobs and the Creation of Appleby Michael Moritz.

    (15:00) If the ultimate decision maker is involved every step of the way the quality of the work increases.

    (20:00) "You asked the question, What was your process like?' I kind of laugh because process is an organized way of doing things. I have to remind you, during the 'Walt Period' of designing Disneyland, we didn't have processes. We just did the work. Processes came later. All of these things had never been done before. Walt had gathered up all these people who had never designed a theme park, a Disneyland. So we're in the same boat at one time, and we figure out what to do and how to do it on the fly as we go along with it and not even discuss plans, timing, or anything. We just worked and Walt just walked around and had suggestions." — Disney's Land: Walt Disney and the Invention of the Amusement Park That Changed the World by Richard Snow. (Founders #347)

    (23:00) The further you get away from 1 the more complexity you invite in.

    (25:00) Your goal: A single idea expressed clearly.

    (26:00) Jony Ive: Steve was the most focused person I’ve met in my life

    (28:00) Editing your thinking is an act of service.

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    Can you give me a summary of Warren Buffett's best ideas? (Substitute any founder covered on the podcast and you'll get a comprehensive and easy to read summary of their ideas) 

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    Michael Jordan In His Own Words

    Michael Jordan In His Own Words

    What I learned from reading Driven From Within by Michael Jordan and Mark Vancil. 

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    Episode Outline: 

    Players who practice hard when no one is paying attention play well when everyone is watching.

    It's hard, but it's fair. I live by those words. 

    To this day, I don't enjoy working. I enjoy playing, and figuring out how to connect playing with business. To me, that's my niche. People talk about my work ethic as a player, but they don't understand. What appeared to be hard work to others was simply playing for me.

    You have to be uncompromised in your level of commitment to whatever you are doing, or it can disappear as fast as it appeared. 

    Look around, just about any person or entity achieving at a high level has the same focus. The morning after Tiger Woods rallied to beat Phil Mickelson at the Ford Championship in 2005, he was in the gym by 6:30 to work out. No lights. No cameras. No glitz or glamour. Uncompromised. 

    I knew going against the grain was just part of the process.

    The mind will play tricks on you. The mind was telling you that you couldn't go any further. The mind was telling you how much it hurt. The mind was telling you these things to keep you from reaching your goal. But you have to see past that, turn it all off if you are going to get where you want to be.

    I would wake up in the morning thinking: How am I going to attack today?

    I’m not so dominant that I can’t listen to creative ideas coming from other people. Successful people listen. Those who don’t listen, don’t survive long.

    In all honesty, I don't know what's ahead. If you ask me what I'm going to do in five years, I can't tell you. This moment? Now that's a different story. I know what I'm doing moment to moment, but I have no idea what's ahead. I'm so connected to this moment that I don't make assumptions about what might come next, because I don't want to lose touch with the present. Once you make assumptions about something that might happen, or might not happen, you start limiting the potential outcomes. 

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    Founders
    en-usMay 12, 2024

    #348 The Financial Genius Behind A Century of Wall Street Scandals: Ivar Kreuger

    #348 The Financial Genius Behind A Century of Wall Street Scandals: Ivar Kreuger

    What I learned from reading The Match King: Ivar Kreuger, The Financial Genius Behind a Century of Wall Street Scandals by Frank Partnoy. 

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    Episode Outline: 

    1. Ivar was charismatic. His charisma was not natural. Ivar spent hours every day just preparing to talk. He practiced his lines for hours like great actors do.

    2. Ivar’s first pitch was simple, easy to understand, and legitimate: By investing in Swedish Match, Americans could earn profits from a monopoly abroad.

    3. Joseph Duveen noticed that Europe had plenty of art and America had plenty of money, and his entire astonishing career was the product of that simple observation. — The Days of Duveen by S.N. Behrman.  (Founders #339 Joseph Duveen: Robber Baron Art Dealer)

    4. Ivar studied Rockefeller and Carnegie: Ivar's plan was to limit competition and increase profits by securing a monopoly on match sales throughout the world, mimicking the nineteenth century oil, sugar, and steel trusts.

    5. When investors were manic, they would purchase just about anything. But during the panic that inevitably followed mania, the opposite was true. No one would buy.

    6. The problem isn’t getting rich. The problem is staying sane. — Charlie Munger

    7. Ivar understood human psychology. If something is limited and hard to get to that increases desire. This works for both products (like a Ferrari) and people (celebrities). Ivar was becoming a business celebrity.

    8.  I’ve never believed in risking what my family and friends have and need in order to pursue what they don't have and don't need. — The Essays of Warren Buffett by Warren Buffett and Lawrence Cunningham. (Founders #227)

    9. Great ideas are simple ideas: Ivar hooked Durant with his simple, brilliant idea: government loans in exchange for match monopolies.

    10. Ivar wrote to his parents, "I cannot believe that I am intended to spend my life making money for second-rate people. I shall bring American methods back home. Wait and see - I shall do great things. I'm bursting with ideas. I am only wondering which to carry out first."

    11. Ivar’s network of companies was far too complex for anyone to understand: It was like a corporate family tree from hell, and it extended into obscurity.

    12. “Victory in our industry is spelled survival.”   —Steve Jobs

    13. Ivar's financial statements were sloppy and incomplete. Yet investors nevertheless clamored to buy his securities.

    14. As more cash flowed in the questions went away. This is why Ponzi like schemes can last so long. People don’t want to believe. They don’t want the cash to stop.

    15. A Man for All Markets: From Las Vegas to Wall Street, How I Beat the Dealer and the Market by Ed Thorp. (Founders #222)

    16.  A summary of Charlie Munger on incentives:

    1. We all underestimate the power of incentives.
    2. Never, ever think about anything else before the power of incentives.
    3. The most important rule: get the incentives right.

    17. This is nuts! Fake phones and hired actors!

    Next to the desk was a table with three telephones. The middle phone was a dummy, a non-working phone that Ivar could cause to ring by stepping on a button under the desk. That button was a way to speed the exit of talkative visitors who were staying too long. Ivar also used the middle phone to impress his supporters. When Percy Rockefeller visited Ivar pretended to receive calls from various European government officials, including Mussolini and Stalin. That evening, Ivar threw a lavish party and introduced Rockefeller to numerous "ambassadors" from various countries, who actually were movie extras he had hired for the night.

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    #347 How Walt Disney Built His Greatest Creation: Disneyland

    #347 How Walt Disney Built His Greatest Creation: Disneyland

    What I learned from reading Disney's Land: Walt Disney and the Invention of the Amusement Park That Changed the World by Richard Snow. 

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    (8:00) When in 1955 we heard that Disney had opened an amusement park under his own name, it appeared certain that we could not look forward to anything new from Mr. Disney.

    We were quite wrong.

    He had, instead, created his masterpiece.

    (13:00) This may be the greatest product launch of all time: He had run eight months of his television program. He hadn't named his new show Walt Disney Presents or The Wonderful World of Walt Disney.

    It was called simply Disneyland, and every weekly episode was an advertisement for the still unborn park.

    (15:00) Disneyland is the extension of the powerful personality of one man.

    (15:00) The creation of Disneyland was Walt Disney’s personal taste in physical form.

    (24:00) How strange that the boss would just drop it. Walt doesn’t give up. So he must have something else in mind.

    (26:00) Their mediocrity is my opportunity. It is an opportunity because there is so much room for improvement.

    (36:00) Roy Disney never lost his calm understanding that the company's prosperity rested not on the rock of conventional business practices, but on the churning, extravagant, perfectionist imagination of his younger brother.

    (41:00) Walt Disney’s decision to not relinquish his TV rights to United Artists was made in 1936. This decision paid dividends 20 years later. Hold on. Technology -- developed by other people -- constantly benefited Disney's business. Many such cases in the history of entrepreneurship.

    (43:00) Walt Disney did not look around. He looked in. He looked in to his personal taste and built a business that was authentic to himself.

    (54:00) "You asked the question, What was your process like?' I kind of laugh because process is an organized way of doing things. I have to remind you, during the 'Walt Period' of designing Disneyland, we didn't have processes.

    We just did the work. Processes came later. All of these things had never been done before.

    Walt had gathered up all these people who had never designed a theme park, a Disneyland.

    So we're in the same boat at one time, and we figure out what to do and how to do it on the fly as we go along with it and not even discuss plans, timing, or anything.

    We just worked and Walt just walked around and had suggestions."

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    #346 How Walt Disney Built Himself

    #346 How Walt Disney Built Himself

    What I learned from rereading Walt Disney: The Triumph of the American Imagination by Neal Gabler. 

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    (2:00) Disney’s key traits were raw ingenuity combined with sadistic determination.

    (3:00) I had spent a lifetime with a frustrated, and often unemployed man, who hated anybody who was successful. 

    Francis Ford Coppola: A Filmmaker's Life by Michael Schumacher. (Founders #242)

    (6:00) Disney put excelence before any other consideration.

    (11:00) Maybe the most important thing anyone ever said to him: You’re crazy to be a professor she told Ted. What you really want to do is draw. Ted’s notebooks were always filled with these fabulous animals. So I set to work diverting him. Here was a man who could draw such pictures. He should earn a living doing that. 

    Becoming Dr. Seuss: Theodor Geisel and the Making of an American Imagination by Brian Jay Jones. (Founders #161)

    (14:00) A quote about Edwin Land that would apply to Walt Disney too:

    Land had learned early on that total engrossment was the best way for him to work. He strongly believed that this kind of concentrated focus could also produce extraordinary results for others. Late in his career, Land recalled that his “whole life has been spent trying to teach people that intense concentration for hour after hour can bring out in people resources they didn’t know they had.”  A Triumph of Genius: Edwin Land, Polaroid, and the Kodak Patent War by Ronald Fierstein. (Founders #134)

    (15:00) My parents objected strenuously, but I finally talked them into letting me join up as a Red Cross ambulance driver. I had to lie about my age, of course. 

    In my company was another fellow who had lied about his age to get in. He was regarded as a strange duck, because whenever we had time off and went out on the town to chase girls, he stayed in camp drawing pictures.

    His name was Walt Disney.

    Grinding It Out: The Making of McDonald's by Ray Kroc. (Founders #293)

    (20:00) Walt Disney had big dreams. He had outsized aspirations.

    (22:00) A quote from Edwin Land that would apply to Walt Disney too: My motto is very personal and may not fit anyone else or any other company. It is: Don't do anything that someone else can do.

    (24:00) Walt Disney seldom dabbled. Everyone who knew him remarked on his intensity; when something intrigued him, he focused himself entirely as if it were the only thing that mattered.

    (29:00) He had the drive and ambition of 10 million men.

    (29:00) I'm going to sit tight. I have the greatest opportunity I've ever had, and I'm in it for everything.

    (31:00) He seemed confident beyond any logical reason for him to be so. It appeared that nothing discouraged him.

    (31:00) You have to take the hard knocks with the good breaks in life.

    (32:00) Nothing wrong with my aim, just gotta change the target. — Jay Z

    (35:00) He sincerely wanted to be counted among the best in his craft.

    (43:00) He didn't want to just be another animation producer. He wanted to be the king of animation. Disney believed that quality was his only real advantage.

    (47:00) Walt Disney wanted domination. Domination that would make his position unassailable.

    (49:00) Disney was always trying to make something he could be proud of.

    (50:00) We have a habit of divine discontent with our performance. It is an antidote to smugness.

    Eternal Pursuit of Unhappiness: Being Very Good Is No Good,You Have to Be Very, Very, Very, Very, Very Good by David Ogilvy and Ogivly & Mather.  (Founders #343)

    (53:00) While it is easy, of course, for me to celebrate my doggedness now and say that it is all you need to succeed, the truth is that it demoralized me terribly. I would crawl into the house every night covered in dust after a long day, exhausted and depressed because that day's cyclone had not worked. There were times when I thought it would never work, that I would keep on making cyclone after cyclone, never going forwards, never going backwards, until I died.

    Against the Odds: An Autobiography by James Dyson (Founders #300)

    (56:00) He doesn't place a premium on collecting friends or socializing: "I don't believe in 50 friends. I believe in a smaller number. Nor do I care about society events. It's the most senseless use of time. When I do go out, from time to time, it's just to convince myself again that I'm not missing a lot."

    The Red Bull Story by Wolfgang Fürweger (Founders #333)

    (1:02:00) Steve was at the center of all the circles.

    He made all the important product decisions.

    From my standpoint, as an individual programmer, demoing to Steve was like visiting the Oracle of Delphi.

    The demo was my question. Steve's response was the answer.

    While the pronouncements from the Greek Oracle often came in the form of confusing riddles, that wasn't true with Steve.

    He was always easy to understand.

    He would either approve a demo, or he would request to see something different next time.

    Whenever Steve reviewed a demo, he would say, often with highly detailed specificity, what he wanted to happen next.

    He was always trying to ensure the products were as intuitive and straightforward as possible, and he was willing to invest his own time, effort, and influence to see that they were.

    Through looking at demos, asking for specific changes, then reviewing the changed work again later on and giving a final approval before we could ship, Steve could make a product turn out like he wanted.

    Much like the Greek Oracle, Steve foretold the future.

    Creative Selection: Inside Apple's Design Process During the Golden Age of Steve Jobs by Ken Kocienda. (Founders #281)

    (1:07:00) He griped that when he hired veteran animators he had to “put up with their Goddamn poor working habits from doing cheap pictures.” He believed it was easier to start from scratch with young art students and indoctrinate them in the Disney system.

    (1:15:00) I don’t want to be relagated to the cartoon medium. We have worlds to conquer here.

    (1:17:00) Advice Henry Ford gave Walt Disney about selling his company: If you sell any of it you should sell all of it.

    (1:23:00) He kept a slogan pasted inside of his hat: You can’t top pigs with pigs. (A reminder that we have to keep blazing new trails.)

    (1:25:00) Disney’s Land: Walt Disney and the Invention of the Amusement Park That Changed the World by Richard Snow.

    (1:33:00) It is the detail. If we lose the detail, we lose it all.

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    How Effective Accelerationism Divides Silicon Valley w/ Émile Torres

    Paris Marx is joined by Émile Torres to discuss Silicon Valley’s recent obsession with effective accelerationism, how it builds on the TESCREAL ideologies, and why it shows the divide at the top of the AI industry.
     
    Émile Torres is a postdoctoral fellow at Case Western Reserve University. They’re also the author of Human Extinction: A History of the Science and Ethics of Annihilation.

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    #245 Rick Rubin (In the Studio)

    #245 Rick Rubin (In the Studio)

    What I learned from reading Rick Rubin: In the Studio by Jake Brown.

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    Rick Rubin on Lex Fridman Podcast #275

    Rick Rubin on The Peter Attia Drive Podcast #57

    Shangri-La Documentary

    Rick’s podcast Broken Record

    [1:39] Decoded by Jay Z. (Founders #238)

    [3:19] Simplicity is the ultimate sophistication.

    [3:31] His goal is to record music in its most basic and purest form. No extra bells and whistles. All wheat, no chaff.

    [5:42] Dr. Land was saying: “I could see what the Polaroid camera should be. It was just as real to me as if it was sitting in front of me before I had ever built one.” And Steve said: “Yes, that’s exactly the way I saw the Macintosh.” He said if I asked someone who had only used a personal calculator what a Macintosh should be like they couldn’t have told me. There was no way to do consumer research on it so I had to go and create it and then show it to people and say now what do you think?” Both of them had this ability to not invent products, but discover products. Both of them said these products have always existed — it’s just that no one has ever seen them before. We were the ones who discovered them. The Polaroid camera always existed and the Macintosh always existed — it’s a matter of discovery.

    [7:31] My goal is to just get out of the way and let the people I'm working with be the best versions of themselves.

    [7:50] Berkshire Hathaway Letters to Shareholders 1965-2018 by Warren Buffett (Founders #88)

    [11:26] In-N-Out Burger: A Behind-the-Counter Look at the Fast-Food Chain That Breaks All the Rules by Stacy Perman. (Founders #244)

    [14:13] “Designing a product is keeping 5,000 things in your brain and fitting them all together in new and different ways.” —Steve Jobs

    [16:00] Less is more but you have to do more to get to less.

    [16:25] Against The Odds: An Autobiography by James Dyson and reading A History of Great Inventions by James Dyson. (Founders #200)

    [17:56] Rubin's most valuable quality is his own confidence.

    [20:57]  If we're going to do this, let's aim for greatness. You have to believe what you were doing is the most important thing in the world.

    [21:29] Damn Right: Behind the Scenes with Berkshire Hathaway Billionaire Charlie Munger by Janet Lowe. (Founders #221) “Everybody engaged in complicated work needs colleagues. Just the discipline of having to put your thoughts in order with somebody else is a very useful thing.”

    [24:24] On being a reducer —not a producer: Often in the studio there will be the idea to add layers to make it seem bigger. Sometimes the more things you add, the smaller it gets. A lot of it is counterintuitive. You need to discover it in practice.

    [27:10] I want to play loud. I want to be heard. And I want all to know I'm not one of the herd.

    [36:16] There were no stars in rap music. It was really just a work of passion. Everyone who was doing it was doing it because they loved it, not because anyone thought it was a career.

    [38:12] Krush Groove YouTube link

    [38:47] Russell really cared about finding new ways to expose their music to a bigger audience.

    [39:03] Bloomberg by Michael Bloomberg.  (Founders #228)

    [44:19] A handmade product at scale.

    [48:23] Rap music as recorded work was just eight years old.

    [50:06] Q: Do you have an engine of constant dissatisfaction. Self criticism that I could have done better? A: No. I’m pleased with the work that we did. Excited to keep working. It’s fun. I don’t know what else I’d do with myself. I like making things, it’s fun. I feel like it’s my reason to be on the planet so I just keep doing it. If it could be better I would have kept working on it. If it could be better it’s not done. I’ve done everything I can to make it the best it can be. I can’t do more than that so there is nothing to be critical of. It is almost like a diary entry. Everything we make is a reflection in a moment in time. Could be a day, could be a year.

    [52:54] These things that we don't understand and cannot explain happen regularly.

    [58:33] To be ignorant of what occurred before you were born is to remain always a child.

    [58:58] He's living in four different centuries at once.

    [1:01:02] I believe in you so much, I'm going to make you believe in you.

    [1:03:07] Hard Drive: Bill Gates and the Making of the Microsoft Empire by James Wallace and Jim Erickson (Founders #140)  Gates and Allen were convinced the computer industry was about to reach critical mass, and when it exploded it would usher in a technological revolution of astounding magnitude. They were on the threshold of one of those moments when history held its breath... and jumped, as it had done with the development of the car and the airplane. They could either lead the revolution or be swept along by it.

    [1:05:35] The newest sounds have a tendency to sound old when the next new sound comes along. But a grand piano sounded great 50 years ago and will sound great 50 years from now. I try to make records that have a timeless quality.

    [1:13:58] Mozart: A Life by Paul Johnson. (Founders #240)

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    #200 James Dyson (Against the Odds)

    #200 James Dyson (Against the Odds)

    What I learned from rereading Against The Odds: An Autobiography by James Dyson and reading A History of Great Inventions by James Dyson. 

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    1. I am a creator of products, a builder of things, and my name appears love on them. That is how I make a living and they are what have made nom my name at least familiar in a million homes.

    2. This is also the exposition of a business philosophy, which is very different from anything you might have encountered before.

    3. It has all happened, I really believe, because of the intrinsic excellence of the machine; because it is a better vacuum cleaner than anything that has gone before; and because it looks better than anything like it has ever looked.

    4. Perhaps millions of people, in the last few thousand years, have had ideas for improving it. All I did was take things a little further than just having the idea.

    5. My own success has been in observing objects in daily use which, it was always assumed, could not be improved.

    6. Anyone can become an expert in anything in six months, whether it is hydrodynamics for boats or cyclonic systems for vacuum cleaners. After the idea, there is plenty of time to learn the technology. My first cyclonic vacuum cleaner was built out of cereal packets and masking tape long before I understood how it worked.

    7. The best kind of business is one where you can sell a product at a high price with a good margin, and in enormous volumes. For that you have to develop a product that works better and looks better than  existing ones. That type of investment is long term and high risk. Or at least, it looks like a high-risk policy. In the longer view, it is not half so likely to prove hazardous to one's financial health as simply following the herd.

    8. Difference for the sake of it. In everything. Because it must be better. From the moment the idea strikes, to the running of the business. Difference, and retention of total control.

    9. This is not even a business book. It is, if anything, a book against business, against the principles that have filled the world with ugly, useless objects, unhappy people, and brought the country to its economic knees. We all want to make our mark. We all want to make beautiful things and a little money. We all have our own ideas about how to do it. What follows just happens to be my way.

    10. I have been a misfit throughout my professional life, and that seems to have worked to my advantage. Misfits are not born or made; they make themselves. 

    11. I took on the big boys at their own game, made them look very silly, just by being true to myself.

    12. Herb Elliot was a big name at the time, so I read a few books about him and discovered that his coach had told him that the way to develop stamina and strengthen the leg muscles was to run up and down sand dunes. This suited me fine, because if I had nothing else I certainly had sand dunes. Out there alone on the dunes I got a terrific buzz from knowing that I was doing something that no on one else was - they were all tucked up in bed at school. I knew that I was training myself to do something better than anyone else would be able to do.

    13. The act of running itself was not something I enjoyed. The best you could say for it was that it was lonely and painful. But as I started to win by greater and greater margins I did it more and more, because I knew the reason for my success was that out on the sand dunes I was doing something that no one else was doing. Apart from me and Herb, no one knew. They were all running round and round the track like a herd of sheep and not getting any quicker. Difference itself was bon making me come first.

    14. In so many ways it taught me the most significant lessons in all my youth. I was learning about the physical and psychological strength that keeps you competitive. I was learning about obstinacy. I was learning how to overcome nerves, and as I grew more and more neurotic about being caught from behind, I trained harder to stay in front. 

    15. To this day it is the fear of failure, more than anything else, which makes me keep working at success.

    16. Isambard Kingdom Brunel was unable to think small, and nothing  was a barrier to him. The mere fact that something had never been one before presented, to Brunel, no suggestion that the doing of it was impossible. He was fired by an inner strength and self-belief almost impossible to imagine in this feckless age. While I could never lay claim to the genius of a man like that —I have tried to be as confident in my vision as he was. And at times in my life when I have encountered difficulty and self-doubt I have looked to his example to fire me on.

    17. I have tried, in my own way, to draw on Brunel's dream of applying emerging technology in ways as yet unimagined. He was never afraid to be different or shocking. He never shirked the battles with the money men, and he had to overcome the most incredible resistance to his ideas: when he applied the system of the screw propeller to a transatlantic steam ship he actually filled a boat with people and sent them across the sea. I have asked people only to push my inventions around, not to get inside them and try to float!

    18. I have told myself, when people tried to make me modify my ideas, that the Great Western Railway could not have worked as anything but the vision of a single man, pursued with dogged determination that was nothing less than obsession.

    19. Throughout my story I will try to return to Brunel, and to other designers and engineers, to show how identifying with them, and seeing parallels with every stage of my own life, enabled me to see my career as a whole and to know that it would all turn out the way it has.

    20. I am led to the belief that, for 'vision' one might equally well read 'stubbornness'. At any stage in my story where I talk of vision, and arrogance seems to have got the better of me, remember that I am celebrating only my stubbornness. I am claiming nothing but the virtues of a mule.

    21. And I suppose it was here that I learnt the crucial business principle that would guide my later attempts at making money from invention: the only way to make real money is to offer the public something entirely new, that has style value as well as substance, and which they cannot get anywhere else.

    22. He did not, when an idea came to him, sit down and process it through pages of calculations; he didn't argue it through with anyone; he just went out and built it.

    So it was that when I came to him, to say, 'I've had an idea,' he would offer no more advice than to say, 'You know where the workshop is, go and do it.' 

    But we'll need to weld this thing,' I would protest. 'Well then, get a welder and weld it.' When I asked if we shouldn't talk to someone about, say, hydrodynamics, he would say, 'The lake is down there, the Land Rover is over there, take a plank of wood down to the lake, tow it behind a boat and look at what happens.'

    23. Now, this was not a modus operandi that I had encountered before. College had taught me to revere experts and expertise. Fry ridiculed all that; as far as he was concerned, with enthusiasm and intelligence anything was possible. It was mind-blowing. No research, no 'workings', no preliminary sketches. If it didn't work one way he would just try it another way, until it did. And as we proceeded I could see that we were getting on extremely quickly. The more I observed his method, the more it fascinated me.

    24. But I learnt then one of the most crucial business lessons of my life: to stint on investment in the early stages, to try to sell a half-finished product, is to doom from the start any project you embark on.

    25. People do not want all purpose; they want high-tech specificity.

    26. You simply cannot mix your messages when selling something new. A consumer can barely handle one great new idea, let alone two, or even several.

    27. I set off around the world to start selling it properly. It was time spent away from designing, but it was to teach me, above all else, that only by trying to sell the thing you have made yourself, by dealing with consumers' problems and the product's failings as they arise, can you really come to understand what you have done, to bond with your invention to improve it. 

    28. Only the man who has brought the thing into the world can presume to foist it on others, and demand a heavy price, with all his heart.

    29. It was an interesting lesson in psychology, teaching me that the entrenched professional is always going to resist far longer than the private consumer.

    30. One decent editorial counts for a thousand advertisements.

    31. In following his advice to abandon direct selling and supply shops via wholesalers, we began to lose that contact with the consumer that was the basis of our success.

    32. One of the strains of this book is about control. If you have the intimate knowledge of a product that comes with dreaming it up and then designing it, I have been trying to say, then you will be the better able to sell it and then, reciprocally, to go back to it and improve it. From there you are in the best possible position to convince others of its greatness and to inspire others to give their very best efforts to developing it, and to remain true to it, and to see it through all the way to its optimum point. To total fruition, if you like.

    33. That is what development is all about. Empirical testing demands that you only ever make one change at a time. It is the Edisonian principle, and it is bloody slow. It is a thing that takes me ages to explain to my graduate employees at Dyson, but it is so important. They tend to leap in to tests, making dozens of radical changes and then stepping back to test their new masterpiece. How do they know which change has improved it, and which hasn't?

    34. While it is easy, of course, for me to celebrate my doggedness now and say that it is all you need to succeed, the truth is that it demoralized me terribly. I would crawl into the house every night covered in dust after a long day, exhausted and depressed because that day's cyclone had not worked. There were times when I thought it would never work, that I would keep on making cyclone after cyclone, never going forwards, never going backwards, until I died.

    35. Everyday products sell. Although it is harder to improve a mature product, if you succeed there is no need to create a market. 

    36. Try out current products in your own home, and make a list of things that you don't like about them – I found about twenty things wrong with my Hoover Junior at the first attempt.

    37. No one ever had an idea staring at a drawing board.

    38. Painful but true. Breaking the mould will upset people. Challenging sitting tenants will be tough. It will take longer than you ever imagined. Ten years of development? Do you fancy that? And then negotiations on a knife edge, a shoestring, and hanging by a thread? It will take balls.

    39. Total control. From the first sprouting of the idea, through research and development, testing and prototyping, model making and engineering drawings, tooling, production, sales and marketing, all the way into the homes of the nation, it is most likely to succeed if the original visionary (or mule) sees it right through. As I have often said, I aim not to be clever, but to be dogged.

    40. I need to sleep a hell of a lot, you see. Ten hours a night or the whole day is useless.

    41. We also scooted to number one so silently because our profile was raised more by editorial coverage than by paid-for advertising. Apart from being cheaper, this is much more effective, because it carries more of the weight of objective truth than a bought space. But in terms of visibility it is less popularising, while being more efficient in selling to those to whom it is exposed, because those prospectively in the market will be drawn to it. It is also out of your control—you cannot make journalists write about you, and I have never tried. And, when they have, I have never sought to influence what they write and have never asked to see their copy before publication. They take me, or the products, as we are, and I have to hope they like us.

    42. It is one of the virtues of having such a strange—looking product, however, that journalists are more likely to take an interest in it.

    43. If you make something, sell it yourself.

    44. Companies are built, not made.

    45. You are just as likely to solve a problem by being unconventional and determined as by being brilliant. And if you can't of be unconventional, be obtuse. Be deliberately obtuse, because there are 5 billion people out there thinking in train tracks, and thinking what they have been taught to think.

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    I have listened to every episode released and look forward to every episode that comes out. The only criticism I would have is that after each podcast I usually want to buy the book because I am interested so my poor wallet suffers. ” — Gareth

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    Money, Masters, and Marvel Madness

    Money, Masters, and Marvel Madness

    In this week's episode, we discuss:

    Junkie Entertainment News

    Gabby Sidibe Set To Make Directorial Debut

    Birdman Discusses How Much Money He Makes Off Artists' Masters

    Ice Cube Vs. Robinhood

    Warner Bros. Says They Bringing Us A Black Superman

    Stranger Things Season 4 Latest Teaser Trailer

     

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    Review of J. Cole's New  Single, "Interlude"

    Youngin' Breaks Down MCU's Phase 4 Upcoming Films

     

    Unpopular Opinions

    Is The Hate for Billionaires Getting Out of Control Or Do They Deserve It?

     

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